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JPS6328584B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6328584B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6328584B2
JPS6328584B2 JP26647084A JP26647084A JPS6328584B2 JP S6328584 B2 JPS6328584 B2 JP S6328584B2 JP 26647084 A JP26647084 A JP 26647084A JP 26647084 A JP26647084 A JP 26647084A JP S6328584 B2 JPS6328584 B2 JP S6328584B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tobacco
compound
aroma
taste
virus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP26647084A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61145142A (en
Inventor
Reiko Uegaki
Mine Fujimori
Susumu Kubo
Kunio Kato
Akio Oonishi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Tobacco Inc
Original Assignee
Japan Tobacco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Tobacco Inc filed Critical Japan Tobacco Inc
Priority to JP26647084A priority Critical patent/JPS61145142A/en
Publication of JPS61145142A publication Critical patent/JPS61145142A/en
Publication of JPS6328584B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6328584B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明は4−エピアウベルゲノンよりなるたば
こ用香喫味改良剤に関するものである。 近年、たばこの嗜好は多様化の傾向を示してい
るが、特に喫味が軽く香気の豊かな製品にその嗜
好は移りつつある。これに伴い製品たばこに配合
される原料葉たばこは喫味が軽快でニコチン及び
タール含有の少い緩和なものが多く使用されるよ
うになつてきた。又、脱ニコチン処理を施して製
造された再生たばこ、葉たばこ以外の植物或いは
各種の無機成分や有機成分等からなるいわゆる人
工たばこ(以下人工たばこという)等も使用され
るようになつてきている。しかし、このようなた
ばこ原料は一般に香気が乏しく刺激を有すること
が多く旨味にも欠ける為、更に何等かの物質を添
加し香喫味を向上させる必要がある。 (従来の技術) たばこの香喫味改良に有効な物質としては葉た
ばこの中にもともと含まれている数多くの化合物
が知られている。カロチノイド分解産物であるイ
オノン系化合物や、セスキテルペノイドがその代
表的な化合物群である。そのうちセスキテルペノ
イド系化合物としてはソラベチボン(特公56−
5154)ソラナスコン(特公57−6411)、フイチユ
ペロール(特公57−5503)等が知られている。 (発明が解決しようとする問題点) 本発明者等は、セスキテルペノイド系化合物で
あればたばこの香気とよく調和し、効果的であろ
うとの予測に基づき、セスキテルペノイドを単離
すべく鋭意研究を重ねてきた結果、植物ウイルス
を接種したニコチアナ属ウンデユラータ植物の葉
から4−エピアウベルゲノンを単離することに成
功するとともに、本化合物がたばこの香喫味改良
剤として極めて有効であることを見出し本発明を
なすに至つた。 すなわち、本発明は、()式で表わされる化
合物4−エピアウベルゲノン(以下本化合物とい
う)からなる香喫味改良剤である。 本化合物は既に公知の化合物であり、合成物と
して記載がある。(カナデイアン・ジヤーナル・
オブ・ケミストリー誌、1978年56巻、2508頁)。
しかし、本化合物の香喫味改良剤として優れた効
果を発揮するという用途については現在まで全く
知られていない。 (問題点を解決するための手段) 本化合物は、発明者らが新らたに見い出した方
法により得ることができる。すなわち生育中のニ
コチアナ属ウンデユラータ植物ウイルスを接種し
たのち、一定期間経過後にこれを採取し、該葉を
有機溶剤で抽出して水蒸気蒸留を行い、水蒸気蒸
留物をケイ酸カラムを用いて、ヘキサン−エーテ
ル系で分画し、エーテルで溶出してくる分画につ
き分取ガスクロマトグラフイーを行うことにより
単離することができる。使用する植物ウイルスと
しては、ニコチアナ属ウンデユラータ植物に感染
するものであれば良く、例えばタバコモザイクウ
イルス、タバコネクロシスウイルス、タバコ茎え
そウイルス、タバコ輪点ウイルス、タバコ矮化ウ
イルス、キユウリモザイクウイルス、アルフアル
フアモザイクウイルス、トマト黄化えそウイル
ス、ジヤガイモYウイルスが望ましい。植物ウイ
ルス接種後、一定期間すなわち通常2ないし5日
間経過すると葉面に病斑が形成されてくるので、
これらの病斑の大部分が直径約1mm以上になつて
から葉の採取を行うのが好ましい。 本化合物は木様香気を有する物質でたばこの香
喫味改良剤として望ましい適性を有する。 香喫味に欠け刺激を有する種々のたばこ原料に
本化合物を添加し、これらの香喫味について評価
試験を行つたところ、本化合物はたばこ本来の香
りとよく調和し、香りに丸味をもたせ、たばこら
しさを強調させ、刺激を抑え、更にこれらの効果
に持続性のあることなど多くの優れた効果を有す
ることが判明した。 本化合物をたばこ原料に添加する時期及び手段
は特に限定されるものではなく、他の通常使用さ
れる香料と同様にエタノール等の有機溶剤に溶か
した後、たばこ刻みに添加して使用でき、その他
紙巻たばこ製造用の材料品例えば巻紙・糊或いは
フイルター等に含有させることによつても香喫味
改良の効果をあげることができる。 本化合物を適用しうるたばこの種類についても
特に制限はなく、通常の葉たばこを原料として製
造する紙巻たばこ、パイプたばこ、葉巻たばこ等
の他、天然の繊維或いは植物の組織培養物を用い
製造される合成たばこ等に対しても、これらの製
造工程中又は製品化されたのち本化合物を添加す
ることにより、これらの香喫味を著しく改良する
ことができる。 本化合物の添加量は極く微量で良く、たばこ又
はたばこ製造用材料品に対し、0.00001〜0.01重
量%望ましくは0.0001〜0.001重量%の添加で充
分な効果が得られる。 実施例 1 ニコチアナ属ウンデユラータ植物50本を通常の
たばこ栽培法により畑地もしくは温室内で約2ケ
月間生育させたのち、全葉面にタバコ・モザイ
ク・ウイルスを接種する。接種の方法は通常の方
法、すなわち全葉の葉面に400〜500メツシユのカ
ーポランダムをふりかけ、傷をつけながら水もし
くは0.1Mリン酸緩衝液に懸濁させた植物ウイル
ス(酸度0.75μg/ml)を塗布するいわゆる塗沫
接種法でよい。植物ウイルス接種後6日目に病斑
の下部分が直径約1mm以上になつた葉を採取す
る。採取した葉2.3Kgを真空凍結乾燥機を用いて
凍結乾燥を行い、凍結乾燥品157gを得る。凍結
乾燥品は3のジクロルメタンで3回抽出を繰り
返し、その抽出液を合わせて減圧濃縮を行い粗抽
出濃縮物8.4gを得る。粗抽出濃縮物は水蒸気蒸
留連続抽出装置を用いて水蒸気蒸留及びエーテル
抽出を行い300mlのエーテル抽出液を得、エーテ
ル溶出液は前記と同様濃縮し、水蒸気蒸留エーテ
ル抽出濃縮物597mgを得る。この濃縮物につきケ
イ酸15gを用いて、ヘキサン−エーテル系でカラ
ム分画を行い、エーテルで溶出してくる分画を前
記と同様の方法で濃縮する。この濃縮物から
FFAP(フリー・フアテイー・アシツド・ポリエ
ステル)10%、1mのカラムを用いて、150℃か
ら240℃まで8℃/minの昇温で分取ガスクロマ
トグラフイーを行うことにより、保持時間11分に
本化合物を白色結晶として約2.2mg得ることがで
きる(収率、乾葉1g当り約0.014mg)。本化合物
は次のようなスペクトルを示す。 質量分析スペクトル(70eV):m/z(%) 41(68)、43(51)、59(95)、67(51)、95(51)、
121(75)、122(75)、123(87)、135(63)、163
(60)、178(100)、236(M+、6) 赤外線吸収スペクトル(液膜):cm-1 3440、1662、820 核磁気共鳴スペクトル(CDCl3):δ(ppm) プロトン 1.06(3H、)、1.13(3H、)、1.22(6H、)、
2.26(1H、dq)、5.84(1H、)、6.72(1H、) カーボン 11.8()、17.1()、21.9()、25.2()、26
.8
)、27.5()、36.1()、37.8()、42.7
)、48.3()、48.5()、72.5()、126.2
)、160.4()、202.2() 実施例 2 巻き上げ直前の日本専売公社商品名「チエリ
ー」用のたばこ刻み50gに対して前述の方法で単
離した本化合物の0.01重量%エタノール溶液を、
たばこ刻みに対する本化合物の量が0.0001重量%
になるよう噴霧して添加したのち紙巻し、本化合
物無添加の上記たばこ刻みの巻上品を対照品とし
て、これらを喫煙した時の匂い、味について二点
識別法により比較した。特に訓練された専門パネ
ル20人の評価は第1表に示す通りであつた。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a tobacco flavor improver comprising 4-epiaubergenone. In recent years, tobacco preferences have shown a tendency to diversify, and in particular, preferences are shifting toward products that are light in flavor and rich in aroma. In line with this trend, the raw tobacco leaf tobacco used in product cigarettes has come to be more commonly used as a mild tobacco product with a light taste and low nicotine and tar content. In addition, recycled tobacco produced by removing nicotine, so-called artificial cigarettes (hereinafter referred to as "artificial cigarettes") made from plants other than leaf tobacco, or various inorganic and organic components have also come into use. However, such tobacco raw materials generally lack aroma and are often irritating and lack flavor, so it is necessary to add some substance to improve the aroma and taste. (Prior Art) Many compounds originally contained in leaf tobacco are known as substances effective in improving the aroma and taste of tobacco. Ionone compounds, which are carotenoid decomposition products, and sesquiterpenoids are representative compound groups. Among these, sesquiterpenoid compounds include sorabetibone (Special Publication No. 56-
5154) Solanascon (Special Publication No. 57-6411), Fuichiuperol (Special Publication No. 57-5503), etc. are known. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present inventors conducted intensive research to isolate sesquiterpenoids based on the prediction that sesquiterpenoid compounds would harmonize well with the aroma of tobacco and would be effective. As a result of repeated efforts, we succeeded in isolating 4-epiaubergenone from the leaves of Nicotiana undulata plants inoculated with plant viruses, and discovered that this compound is extremely effective as a tobacco flavor improver. The present invention has been accomplished. That is, the present invention is a flavor improver comprising the compound 4-epiaubergenone (hereinafter referred to as the present compound) represented by the formula (). This compound is already a known compound and has been described as a synthetic product. (Canadian Journal
of Chemistry, 1978, vol. 56, p. 2508).
However, until now, there has been no knowledge of the use of this compound in which it exhibits excellent effects as an aroma and taste improver. (Means for solving the problems) The present compound can be obtained by a method newly discovered by the inventors. That is, after inoculating a growing Nicotiana undulata plant virus, the leaves are collected after a certain period of time, the leaves are extracted with an organic solvent, steam distilled, and the steam distillate is extracted with hexane using a silicic acid column. It can be isolated by fractionating with an ether system and performing preparative gas chromatography on the fraction eluted with the ether. The plant viruses to be used may be those that infect Nicotiana undulata plants, such as tobacco mosaic virus, tobacco necrosis virus, tobacco stalk virus, tobacco ring spot virus, tobacco dwarfing virus, cucumber mosaic virus, and alpha. Alpha mosaic virus, tomato yellowing virus, and potato Y virus are preferable. After a certain period of time, usually 2 to 5 days, after inoculation with a plant virus, lesions begin to form on the leaves.
It is preferable to collect leaves after most of these lesions have a diameter of about 1 mm or more. This compound has a woody aroma and is desirable as a tobacco flavor improver. When this compound was added to various tobacco raw materials that lacked aroma and taste and were irritating, and an evaluation test was conducted on the aroma and taste of these materials, it was found that this compound harmonized well with the original tobacco aroma, gave a roundness to the aroma, and had a tobacco-like flavor. It has been found that it has many excellent effects, such as emphasizing and suppressing irritation, and these effects are long-lasting. The timing and means of adding this compound to tobacco raw materials are not particularly limited, and it can be used by dissolving it in an organic solvent such as ethanol and adding it to shredded tobacco like other commonly used flavorings, or by adding it to shredded tobacco. The effect of improving flavor and aroma can also be achieved by incorporating it into materials for cigarette manufacturing, such as wrapping paper, glue, filters, etc. There are no particular restrictions on the types of tobacco to which this compound can be applied; in addition to cigarettes, pipe tobacco, cigar tobacco, etc. made from regular leaf tobacco, tobacco made from natural fibers or plant tissue culture. The aroma and taste of synthetic tobacco can also be significantly improved by adding the present compound during the manufacturing process or after the product has been manufactured. The amount of the compound to be added may be extremely small, and a sufficient effect can be obtained by adding the compound in an amount of 0.00001 to 0.01% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 0.001% by weight, based on the tobacco or tobacco manufacturing materials. Example 1 Fifty Nicotiana undulata plants are grown in a field or in a greenhouse for about two months using conventional tobacco cultivation methods, and then all leaves are inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus. The inoculation method is the usual method, i.e., sprinkle 400 to 500 mesh of carporundum on the surface of each leaf, make a wound, and inoculate the plant virus suspended in water or 0.1M phosphate buffer (acidity 0.75 μg/ml). ) may be applied using the so-called smear inoculation method. Six days after inoculation with the plant virus, collect leaves where the lower part of the lesion has a diameter of about 1 mm or more. 2.3 kg of the collected leaves are freeze-dried using a vacuum freeze dryer to obtain 157 g of freeze-dried product. The freeze-dried product was extracted three times with dichloromethane in step 3, and the extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 8.4 g of crude extract concentrate. The crude extract concentrate is subjected to steam distillation and ether extraction using a steam distillation continuous extractor to obtain 300 ml of ether extract, and the ether eluate is concentrated in the same manner as above to obtain 597 mg of steam distilled ether extract concentrate. This concentrate is subjected to column fractionation using a hexane-ether system using 15 g of silicic acid, and the fraction eluted with ether is concentrated in the same manner as described above. From this concentrate
By performing preparative gas chromatography using a 10% FFAP (free fat acid polyester) column with a length of 1 m and increasing the temperature from 150°C to 240°C at a rate of 8°C/min, the retention time was 11 minutes. Approximately 2.2 mg of the compound can be obtained as white crystals (yield, approximately 0.014 mg/g dry leaf). This compound shows the following spectrum. Mass spectrometry spectrum (70eV): m/z (%) 41 (68), 43 (51), 59 (95), 67 (51), 95 (51),
121 (75), 122 (75), 123 (87), 135 (63), 163
(60), 178 (100), 236 (M + , 6) Infrared absorption spectrum (liquid film): cm -1 3440, 1662, 820 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (CDCl 3 ): δ (ppm) Proton 1.06 (3H, s ), 1.13 (3H, d ), 1.22 (6H, S ),
2.26 (1H, dq ), 5.84 (1H, d ), 6.72 (1H, d ) Carbon 11.8 ( q ), 17.1 ( q ), 21.9 ( t ), 25.2 ( t ), 26
.8
( q ), 27.5 ( q ), 36.1 ( s ), 37.8 ( t ), 42.7
( d ), 48.3 ( d ), 48.5 ( d ), 72.5 ( s ), 126.2
( d ), 160.4 ( d ), 202.2 ( s ) Example 2 A 0.01% by weight ethanol solution of the present compound isolated by the above method was applied to 50 g of shredded tobacco for Japan Monopoly Corporation's brand name "Thierry" just before rolling. of,
The amount of this compound relative to shredded tobacco is 0.0001% by weight
After the compound was added by spraying, it was rolled up into paper, and the odor and taste when smoked were compared using a two-point discrimination method using a rolled product of the above-mentioned shredded tobacco without the addition of this compound as a control product. The evaluations of 20 specially trained expert panels were as shown in Table 1.

【表】【table】

【表】 上表から本化合物は製品たばこの香り及び味を
著しく改良する効果を有することが分る。 実施例 3 屑たばこを100℃の熱水で抽出し、水溶性部と
水不溶性部とに分けた後水不溶性部を叩解し、こ
れにその乾物重量の15%にあたる針葉樹のクラフ
トバルブを加えた混合物を薄紙状に成型し、この
薄紙に上記の水溶性部をもどして作つたシート状
再生たばこ60gに対し前述の方法で単離した本化
合物を実施例1と同様にしてその添加量が0.0005
重量%になるよう噴霧して添加した後裁刻して巻
き上げ、本化合物無添加の上記シート状再生たば
この裁刻巻き上げ品を対照品として二点識別法に
より喫味を比較した。特に訓練された専門パネル
20人による評価は第2表に示す通りであつた。
[Table] From the above table, it can be seen that this compound has the effect of significantly improving the aroma and taste of tobacco products. Example 3 Waste tobacco was extracted with hot water at 100°C, separated into a water-soluble part and a water-insoluble part, and the water-insoluble part was beaten, and coniferous kraft bulbs corresponding to 15% of its dry weight were added. The mixture was molded into a thin paper, and the above-mentioned water-soluble portion was added back to the thin paper to produce 60 g of recycled tobacco sheet, and the compound isolated by the method described above was added in the same manner as in Example 1, and the amount added was 0.0005.
After spraying and adding the compound to the same weight percent, it was cut and rolled up, and the taste was compared using a two-point discrimination method using a cut and rolled-up product of the above-mentioned sheet-shaped recycled tobacco without the addition of this compound as a control product. Specially trained expert panel
The evaluations by 20 people were as shown in Table 2.

【表】 ※印は危険率5%で有意差があることを示
す。
この結果、本化合物を添加したものは香り及び
味が著しく改善されると共に刺激の抑制効果も顕
著であることが分る。 実施例 4 たばこ刻みの紙巻用糊であるC.M.C.(カルボキ
シメチルセルロース)糊液に本化合物を0.001重
量%になるよう混合したものを用いて、実施例2
で製造したシート状再生たばこの裁刻巻き上げ品
を作り、別途本化合物無添加の糊液を用いた巻き
上げ品を対照品として、二点識別法によりこれら
の喫味を比較した。特に訓練された専門パネル20
人による評価は第3表に示す通りであつた。
[Table] * indicates a significant difference with a risk rate of 5%.
As a result, it was found that the products to which this compound was added had a marked improvement in aroma and taste, and also had a remarkable effect of suppressing irritation. Example 4 Example 2 was conducted using a CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) paste, which is a paste for wrapping shredded tobacco paper, mixed with the present compound at a concentration of 0.001% by weight.
Cut and rolled products were made from the sheet-shaped recycled tobacco produced in the above method, and the smoking taste of these products was compared using a two-point discrimination method using a separately rolled product using a glue without the addition of this compound as a control product. 20 specially trained expert panels
The human evaluations were as shown in Table 3.

【表】 ※印は危険率5%で有意差があることを示
す。
この結果、本化合物はたばこ製造用材料品であ
る巻き上げ接着用の糊に添加してもたばこの香り
及び味を改善し、更にC.M.C.に基づく刺激臭が
著しく抑制されることが判明した。 発明の効果 上記実施例からも明らかなように、本化合物は
たばこの香喫味改良剤として大変有用である。
[Table] * indicates a significant difference with a risk rate of 5%.
As a result, it was found that this compound improves the aroma and taste of cigarettes even when added to glue for rolling adhesive, which is a material for cigarette manufacturing, and furthermore, the irritating odor caused by CMC is significantly suppressed. Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above examples, the present compound is very useful as a tobacco flavor improver.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 ()式で表わされる化合物4−エピアウベ
ルゲノンよりなるたばこ用香喫味改良剤。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A tobacco flavor improver comprising the compound 4-epiaubergenone represented by the formula ().
JP26647084A 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Production of 4-epiaubergenone and agent for improving tobacco flavor composed of said compound Granted JPS61145142A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26647084A JPS61145142A (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Production of 4-epiaubergenone and agent for improving tobacco flavor composed of said compound

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26647084A JPS61145142A (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Production of 4-epiaubergenone and agent for improving tobacco flavor composed of said compound

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP26539787A Division JPS63119685A (en) 1987-10-22 1987-10-22 Production of 4-epiaubergenone

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61145142A JPS61145142A (en) 1986-07-02
JPS6328584B2 true JPS6328584B2 (en) 1988-06-09

Family

ID=17431372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP26647084A Granted JPS61145142A (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Production of 4-epiaubergenone and agent for improving tobacco flavor composed of said compound

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61145142A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200483538Y1 (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-05-26 오희범 safe operating apparatus of valve shutter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200483538Y1 (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-05-26 오희범 safe operating apparatus of valve shutter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61145142A (en) 1986-07-02

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