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JPS633706B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS633706B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS633706B2
JPS633706B2 JP12869581A JP12869581A JPS633706B2 JP S633706 B2 JPS633706 B2 JP S633706B2 JP 12869581 A JP12869581 A JP 12869581A JP 12869581 A JP12869581 A JP 12869581A JP S633706 B2 JPS633706 B2 JP S633706B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nozzle
water
zinc
temperature
molten metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP12869581A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5832567A (en
Inventor
Kosuke Yoshikawa
Susumu Akagi
Original Assignee
Nippon Mining Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Mining Co filed Critical Nippon Mining Co
Priority to JP12869581A priority Critical patent/JPS5832567A/en
Publication of JPS5832567A publication Critical patent/JPS5832567A/en
Publication of JPS633706B2 publication Critical patent/JPS633706B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、金属シヨツトの新規製造方法に関す
る。 電気メツキにおいてイオン供給源としての金
属、例えば亜鉛、或いは亜鉛―鉄合金等の亜鉛基
合金等比較的低融点の金属を酸に溶解する場合、
一定粒径で、かつ、例えば粒径2〜3mmφ程度の
細かいシヨツトが望まれる。 金属シヨツトを製造するための従来法は、例え
ば特開昭55−158875号公報に開示された如く、金
属の溶湯を下端に滴下ノズルを配した溶湯溜めか
ら、滴下ノズル端を水面上の適当な高さに保持し
て、水中に滴下し水冷する方法を基本としてい
る。 しかし、従来の方法では、球状の一定粒径のシ
ヨツトを得ることは困難であり、粗大径、シツポ
のついた細長いもの、偏平なもの等が多数出来た
りするという問題があつた。 本発明は上述の従来法の欠点を除去し、本発明
者は、既述の如き一定粒径の細かいシヨツトを提
供することを目的とする。即ち、本発明者は、金
属溶湯を、ノズルを通して水中に落下凝固せしめ
て金属シヨツト塊を製造する方法において、ノズ
ル先端を水面または水面下に設置して金属溶湯
を、水中に落下凝固せしめることにより上記目的
を達成する。 以下本発明について実施例に即して詳述する。 本発明の金属シヨツトは、所定温度に加熱溶融
した金属溶湯を、下端に所定口径の滴下用ノズル
を配した溶湯溜めに、適宜の湯圧を生ずるような
高さに注湯し、適温に保持された冷却水の液面下
にノズルを浸漬して、水中に滴下させ、冷水する
ことにより得られる。 本発明に特に適した金属は亜鉛又は亜鉛基鉄合
金等の亜鉛基合金であり、銅、銀、錫、鉛、アル
ミニウム又はこれらの合金等にも本発明は適用さ
れうる。一般的に融点が凡そ300〜600℃程度の金
属は、本発明の方法によりシヨツト化可能であ
る。 金属溶湯の加熱温度は夫々の金属に応じて適宜
選択され、ノズル口径は主として目的とする均一
粒径範囲に応じて定まり、その他冷却水の水温、
ノズルの水面下浸漬深さ、ノズル材質等のフアク
ターを設定することにより、所望均一粒径の金属
シヨツトが得られる。 以下亜鉛シヨツトを製造する場合に基づいてよ
り詳細に説明する。 冒頭に記載した通り、2〜3mm程度の均一粒径
の亜鉛シヨツトが望まれており、その製造例は次
の通りである。ノズルとしては口径0.5〜2.5mm、
好ましくは1.0〜2.0mmのもので材質としては熱伝
導率の小さいもの、例えばセラミツクノズルを用
いることが、ノズルの閉塞防止のために好まし
い。セラミツクノズルとしては、水中に浸漬する
関係で、好ましくは耐熱衝撃性を有する耐熱性セ
ラミツク材を用い、例えば700℃以上の結晶化温
度を有する耐熱性結晶化ガラス、アルミナ質(好
ましくはハイアルミナ質)セラミツク材、ジルコ
ン質、チタン酸アルミニウム質等を用いることが
できる。結晶化ガラスとしては、合成雲母の微結
晶を結晶相として好ましくは機械加工性のいわゆ
るマシーナブル・ガラスセラミツクスがあり、そ
の他コージライトを結晶相とするものがある。一
般的にセラミツクノズル材としては熱伝導率
0.01cal/cm・sec・℃以下のものを用いること
が、溶湯のノズル孔内での閉塞を防止する上で有
利である。 ノズルの水面下浸漬深さは少なくとも液面接触
状態を必要とし、その他ノズル及び装置の形状等
から定まるもので、必須の限定ではないが通例0
〜50mm程度、好ましくは2〜20mm程度とする。但
し余り深く浸漬する必要は特になく、溶湯溜め及
びノズルの不必要な冷却が生じなければよい。 水温は、球状かつ均一粒度のシヨツトを得るた
めに規定の温度に保持することが必要であり、一
般に溶湯の温度、金属種類等に依存して定められ
る。亜鉛の場合凡そ50〜80℃、好ましくは60〜70
℃であるが、但し、ノズル口径に対応して最適水
温はある程度変化する。 なおここに亜鉛とは蒸留亜鉛地金以上の純度の
亜鉛地金を言う。この水温に関しては、例えば、
亜鉛基鉄合金(Fe2.5%、残部蒸留亜鉛地金の
程度以上の純度の亜鉛地金)の場合に、最適冷却
水温度は鉄含有量に応じて下降し、Fe1%で15〜
60℃、Fe2.5%で10〜40℃となる。ノズル口径は
所望粒径によつても異なるが、均一粒径の球状シ
ヨツトを得るためには、一定の範囲とする必要が
ある。亜鉛の場合、凡そ1.0〜2.5mm、好ましくは
1.0〜2.0mm程度である。なお、亜鉛基鉄合金の場
合にも、ほゞ同様のノズル口径でよい。 次に溶湯温度は、基本的に各金属に応じて定ま
るが、亜鉛では凡そ475〜550℃、好ましくは485
〜530℃であり、亜鉛基鉄合金(前掲組成)では、
融点プラス約10℃以上、融点プラス約130℃以下
かつ約700℃以下が好ましい。 以上の条件の下に実施すると、本発明により例
えば亜鉛シヨツトについて粒径+2mm〜−4mmの
ものが80〜90%以上、適当条件では93%以上、最
適条件では98%以上の均一さで得られ、かつ溶湯
温度の許容温度幅が475〜550℃と広くまた許容水
温幅も広いので操作が極めて容易であり、ノズル
の閉塞も生じない。亜鉛基鉄合金(既述)につい
てもほゞ同様の均一粒径のものが得られる。 亜鉛等の金属は、予備的に溶融され、第2図に
例示する如きノズル4(口径d)を底部に有しド
ロス除去板3を溶湯注湯口2と貯湯部11との間
に配した溶湯溜め容器(ノズル受け)1中に所定
温度に保持される。通例ノズル4の先端だけが水
面下に所定高さ(h)だけ浸漬されるようにノズル受
け1は水面上に保持されかつ必要に応じ公知の加
熱手段により温度保持される。 第1図に例示する水槽7は、水温調節機構(図
示せず)を備え、必要に応じ撹拌装置(図示せ
ず)、シヨツト取出手段(カゴ9等)を備える。
水深はシヨツトが一様に冷却されるに適した深さ
に適宜定められる(通例0.4〜2m程度)。 以下実施例について説明する(%は重量%を示
す)。 実施例 1 最純亜鉛地金(Zn99.99%,Pb0.0012%,
Cd0.0007%,Fe0.0007〜0.001%)を用い、第2
図に図示の耐火物製ノズル受け1を用い、予め溶
融した亜鉛溶湯を注湯口2に注湯し、第1図に示
すようなガスバーナー6を用いて、溶湯温度(ノ
ズル受け1内)を475〜550℃の各温度に定温保持
し、ノズル材質をマシーナブル・ガラスセラミツ
クス(熱伝導率0.004cal/sec・cm・℃ at25℃、
重量組成SiO246%、Al2O316%、MgO17%、
K2O10%、F4%、B2O37%)とし、ノズル口径1
〜2.0mm、ノズル先端と冷却水水面との浸漬深さ
h=5mmに保持し、冷却水の水温を50〜80℃に10
℃毎に段階変化させて、溶湯5を貯湯部11の底
面のノズル4から冷却水10の中へと連続滴下し
た(5〜20分間)。 冷却水層7は、第1図に例示する如く、深さ1
mで下部にシヨツト取出しカゴ9を配し、水温は
冷水の補給と、加温装置(図示せず)とによつて
その都度所定温度に保持した。 ノズル口径d=1.0mmでは、溶湯温度500〜550
℃、水温60〜70℃でシヨツト径+2〜−4mmの製
品歩留り80〜90%のものがえられ、−4mmは100%
であつた。 ノズル口径d=1.5mmでは表1に示す結果が得
られ、前記粒度歩留りほゞ93〜98%を示した。 ノズル口径d=2.0mmでは条件を厳密に設定す
ることにより表2に示す通り84〜93%の歩留りが
えられた。 なお、これらのシヨツトはいずれも球状であつ
た。 実施例 2 ノズル先端を水面に接触させて、その他実施例
1と同様な実験を繰返した結果、ほゞ同様な結果
を得た。 実施例 3 実施例1で用いたものと同じ最純亜鉛地金を用
いFe0.88〜1.07%の亜鉛基鉄合金を得た。その溶
湯を460〜480℃の温度にて50〜70℃の水中にノズ
ル口径d=1.0mmとして滴下した。その他の条件
は実施例1と同様である。その結果、前記歩留り
85〜95%の均一な球状シヨツト12を得た。 比較例 実施例1と同一の亜鉛地金を用い、ノズルを従
来法に従い水面上5〜30cmに保持して、その他の
条件を実施例1と同様にして、水中に滴下した結
果、得られたシヨツトは球状にならず、偏平なも
のやしつぽのある細長いもの、粗大粒を含み、ま
た前記製品歩留りは50%〜70%であつた。 なお、特別に本発明者の設定した条件として、
ノズル端と水面の距離を8mmとした場合、ノズル
口径1.0〜1.5mm、水温70〜80℃、溶湯温度450〜
550℃にて77〜87%の前記製品歩留りがえられた
が、−4mm歩留りは80〜94%に止まり、粗大粒及
び微細粒が生じた。
The present invention relates to a new method for manufacturing metal shots. When dissolving a metal as an ion source in electroplating, for example, a metal with a relatively low melting point such as zinc or a zinc-based alloy such as a zinc-iron alloy, in an acid,
A fine shot with a constant particle size and, for example, a particle size of about 2 to 3 mmφ is desired. A conventional method for producing metal shots, for example as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 158875/1980, involves pouring molten metal from a molten metal reservoir with a dripping nozzle at the bottom, and placing the end of the dripping nozzle at an appropriate point above the water surface. The basic method is to hold it at a height and drop it into water for cooling. However, with the conventional method, it is difficult to obtain spherical shots with a constant particle size, and there are problems in that many particles with coarse diameters, elongated particles with spots, and flat particles are produced. The present invention obviates the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional methods and the inventor aims to provide fine shots with a constant particle size as described above. That is, the present inventor has proposed a method for manufacturing a metal shot lump by causing the molten metal to fall and solidify into water through a nozzle, by installing the nozzle tip at or below the water surface and allowing the molten metal to fall and solidify into the water. Achieve the above objectives. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Examples. In the metal shot of the present invention, molten metal heated to a predetermined temperature is poured into a molten metal reservoir with a dripping nozzle of a predetermined diameter at the lower end at a height that generates an appropriate pressure, and the molten metal is maintained at an appropriate temperature. It is obtained by immersing the nozzle under the surface of the cooled water, dropping the water dropwise into the water, and then cooling the water. Metals particularly suitable for the present invention are zinc or zinc-based alloys such as zinc-based iron alloys, and the present invention may also be applied to copper, silver, tin, lead, aluminum, or alloys thereof. Generally, metals having a melting point of about 300 to 600°C can be shot by the method of the present invention. The heating temperature of the molten metal is selected appropriately according to each metal, the nozzle diameter is determined mainly according to the desired uniform particle size range, and other factors such as the temperature of the cooling water,
By setting factors such as the depth of immersion of the nozzle under water and the material of the nozzle, metal shots with a desired uniform particle size can be obtained. A more detailed explanation will be given below based on the case of producing zinc shots. As stated at the beginning, zinc shots with a uniform particle size of about 2 to 3 mm are desired, and an example of their production is as follows. The nozzle has a diameter of 0.5 to 2.5 mm,
Preferably, the nozzle is 1.0 to 2.0 mm and has a low thermal conductivity, such as a ceramic nozzle, in order to prevent the nozzle from clogging. As the ceramic nozzle is immersed in water, a heat-resistant ceramic material having thermal shock resistance is preferably used, such as heat-resistant crystallized glass having a crystallization temperature of 700°C or higher, alumina material (preferably high alumina material), etc. ) Ceramic materials, zircon materials, aluminum titanate materials, etc. can be used. Examples of crystallized glass include so-called machinable glass ceramics, which are preferably machinable and have synthetic mica microcrystals as their crystalline phase, and others that have cordierite as their crystalline phase. Generally speaking, ceramic nozzle materials have a high thermal conductivity.
It is advantageous to use a material with a temperature of 0.01 cal/cm·sec·°C or less in order to prevent the molten metal from clogging in the nozzle hole. The immersion depth of the nozzle below the water surface requires at least a state of contact with the liquid surface, and is determined by other factors such as the shape of the nozzle and the device, and is not an essential limitation, but is usually 0.
The length is about 50 mm, preferably about 2 to 20 mm. However, it is not necessary to immerse the molten metal too deeply, and it is sufficient to avoid unnecessary cooling of the molten metal reservoir and nozzle. The water temperature must be maintained at a specified temperature in order to obtain shots with a spherical shape and uniform particle size, and is generally determined depending on the temperature of the molten metal, the type of metal, etc. For zinc, approximately 50-80℃, preferably 60-70℃
℃, but the optimum water temperature varies to some extent depending on the nozzle diameter. Note that zinc here refers to zinc ingot with a purity higher than that of distilled zinc ingot. Regarding this water temperature, for example,
In the case of zinc-based iron alloys (zinc ingots with a purity equal to or higher than that of distilled zinc ingots with 2.5% Fe and the balance), the optimum cooling water temperature decreases depending on the iron content, and is 15~15% for Fe1%.
At 60℃ and Fe2.5%, it becomes 10-40℃. Although the nozzle diameter varies depending on the desired particle size, it needs to be within a certain range in order to obtain spherical shots of uniform particle size. For zinc, approximately 1.0-2.5mm, preferably
It is about 1.0 to 2.0 mm. Incidentally, in the case of a zinc-based iron alloy as well, substantially the same nozzle diameter may be used. Next, the temperature of the molten metal is basically determined depending on each metal, but for zinc it is approximately 475 to 550℃, preferably 485℃.
~530℃, and for zinc-based iron alloys (composition listed above),
It is preferably about 10°C or more above the melting point, about 130°C or less above the melting point, and about 700°C or less. When carried out under the above conditions, the present invention makes it possible to obtain, for example, zinc shots with a uniformity of 80 to 90% or more, with a particle size of +2 mm to -4 mm, with a uniformity of 93% or more under suitable conditions, and 98% or more under optimal conditions. In addition, the allowable temperature range of the molten metal is wide, ranging from 475 to 550°C, and the allowable water temperature range is also wide, so the operation is extremely easy and no nozzle clogging occurs. Zinc-based iron alloys (mentioned above) can also be obtained with substantially the same uniform grain size. Metal such as zinc is preliminarily melted, and the molten metal is prepared by having a nozzle 4 (diameter d) at the bottom as shown in FIG. It is maintained at a predetermined temperature in a reservoir (nozzle receiver) 1. Usually, the nozzle receiver 1 is held above the water surface so that only the tip of the nozzle 4 is immersed under the water surface by a predetermined height (h), and the temperature is maintained by known heating means as necessary. The water tank 7 illustrated in FIG. 1 is equipped with a water temperature adjustment mechanism (not shown), and, if necessary, a stirring device (not shown) and shot extraction means (basket 9, etc.).
The water depth is appropriately determined to be suitable for uniformly cooling the shot (usually about 0.4 to 2 m). Examples will be described below (% indicates weight %). Example 1 Pure zinc metal (Zn99.99%, Pb0.0012%,
Cd0.0007%, Fe0.0007~0.001%), the second
Using the refractory nozzle receiver 1 shown in the figure, pre-melted molten zinc is poured into the spout 2, and the temperature of the molten metal (inside the nozzle receiver 1) is controlled using a gas burner 6 as shown in FIG. The temperature is maintained at a constant temperature of 475 to 550℃, and the nozzle material is machinable glass ceramic (thermal conductivity 0.004cal/sec・cm・℃ at 25℃,
Weight composition SiO 2 46%, Al 2 O 3 16%, MgO 17%,
K 2 O 10%, F 4%, B 2 O 3 7%), nozzle diameter 1
~2.0mm, maintaining the immersion depth h = 5mm between the nozzle tip and the cooling water surface, and increasing the cooling water temperature to 50 to 80℃ for 10 minutes.
The molten metal 5 was continuously dropped into the cooling water 10 from the nozzle 4 at the bottom of the hot water storage section 11 while changing the temperature in stages (for 5 to 20 minutes). The cooling water layer 7 has a depth of 1 as illustrated in FIG.
A shot take-out basket 9 was placed at the bottom of the tank 9 at m, and the water temperature was maintained at a predetermined temperature each time by replenishing cold water and using a heating device (not shown). When the nozzle diameter d=1.0mm, the molten metal temperature is 500 to 550.
℃ and water temperature of 60 to 70℃, product yield of shot diameter +2 to -4 mm is 80 to 90%, and -4 mm is 100%.
It was hot. When the nozzle diameter d was 1.5 mm, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained, and the particle size yield was approximately 93 to 98%. When the nozzle diameter d=2.0 mm, a yield of 84 to 93% was obtained as shown in Table 2 by strictly setting the conditions. Note that all of these shots were spherical. Example 2 As a result of repeating the same experiment as in Example 1 with the nozzle tip in contact with the water surface, almost the same results were obtained. Example 3 Using the same purest zinc ingot as that used in Example 1, a zinc-based iron alloy containing 0.88 to 1.07% Fe was obtained. The molten metal was dropped into water at a temperature of 50 to 70°C at a temperature of 460 to 480°C with a nozzle diameter d=1.0 mm. Other conditions are the same as in Example 1. As a result, the yield
A spherical shot 12 with 85-95% uniformity was obtained. Comparative Example Using the same zinc metal as in Example 1, holding the nozzle at a height of 5 to 30 cm above the water surface according to the conventional method, and keeping other conditions the same as in Example 1, the following was obtained as a result of dropping into water. The shots were not spherical and contained flat, elongated, and coarse grains, and the yield of the product was 50% to 70%. In addition, as conditions specially set by the inventor,
When the distance between the nozzle end and the water surface is 8mm, the nozzle diameter is 1.0~1.5mm, the water temperature is 70~80℃, and the molten metal temperature is 450~
Although the product yield of 77-87% was obtained at 550°C, the yield of -4 mm remained at 80-94%, and coarse grains and fine grains were produced.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】 【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は、本発明の方法を実施するための装置
概略、第2図は、ノズル受けの断面図、を夫々示
す。 1…ノズル受け、2…注湯口、3…ドロス除去
板、4…ノズル、5…溶湯、7…水槽、8…水
面、10…水、12…シヨツト。
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a nozzle receiver. 1... nozzle receiver, 2... pouring spout, 3... dross removal plate, 4... nozzle, 5... molten metal, 7... water tank, 8... water surface, 10... water, 12... shot.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 金属溶湯を、ノズルを通して水中に落下凝固
せしめて金属シヨツトを製造する方法において、
ノズル先端が水面または水面下に存することを特
徴とする金属シヨツトの製造方法。
1. A method for producing metal shots by dropping molten metal into water through a nozzle and solidifying it,
A method for producing a metal shot, characterized in that the tip of the nozzle is located at or below the water surface.
JP12869581A 1981-08-19 1981-08-19 Manufacture of metallic shot Granted JPS5832567A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12869581A JPS5832567A (en) 1981-08-19 1981-08-19 Manufacture of metallic shot

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12869581A JPS5832567A (en) 1981-08-19 1981-08-19 Manufacture of metallic shot

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5832567A JPS5832567A (en) 1983-02-25
JPS633706B2 true JPS633706B2 (en) 1988-01-25

Family

ID=14991128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12869581A Granted JPS5832567A (en) 1981-08-19 1981-08-19 Manufacture of metallic shot

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5832567A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0438696Y2 (en) * 1986-06-11 1992-09-10
JPS6397354A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-04-28 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Production of spherical low melting metallic grain
TW200928007A (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-01 Chang Chun Petrochemical Co Ltd System and method for manufacturing high specific surface area copper material
KR101340569B1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-12-11 (주)에스엔엔씨 Spray head and casting-tank for shot-making using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5832567A (en) 1983-02-25

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