JPS6337907B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a detector for controlling the capacity of an air conditioner, and in particular, for the purpose of obtaining a comfortable environment, it performs air conditioning operation that takes both temperature and relative humidity conditions into consideration, and The objective is to provide an ideal comfort level detector that can ensure energy-saving operation by eliminating overdrying and overdrying.

If an air conditioner is controlled only by temperature, it will not be possible to provide comfort in high humidity conditions even if the temperature is low; on the other hand, in low humidity conditions, the temperature will not be lowered much. Although comfort can be felt, the temperature is lowered more than necessary, which is undesirable, and therefore cannot be called ideal control.

Therefore, temperature is detected independently using a temperature sensing element such as a thermistor, while relative humidity is also detected independently using a humidity sensing element, and the air conditioning is controlled based on the difference between the two detected values and comfortable environmental conditions. The following methods have been proposed in the past and have been put into practical use in some cases.

However, this type of air conditioner requires a control system with advanced calculation functions, which makes the device itself extremely complex and increases costs, so it is used in special environments and has a relatively large capacity. However, it was unsuitable for general-purpose equipment.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention integrates a temperature sensing element and a humidity sensing element in a circuit to function as one detector, and also allows direct reading of the discomfort index as a resistance change without performing complicated calculations. The present invention provides a novel comfort level detector that enables the following.

Hereinafter, specific contents of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

Although not shown in the drawings, currently commonly used moisture-sensing elements are made by screen-printing a pair of comb-shaped gold electrodes on a ceramic substrate such as alumina, baking them, and then creating a type of conductive material. Examples include polymer humidity sensors in which a moisture-sensitive membrane is formed mainly from a polymer, and a porous polymer membrane is further coated to protect the moisture-sensitive membrane. By varying the blending ratio of hydrophilic polymer monomers (e.g. vinyl monomers) and special polymer monomers (e.g. cationic monomers) in the components of the moisture-sensitive material solution, that is, the copolymer. Therefore, it is possible to obtain different humidity constants A.

By the way, the resistance Rh of this type of moisture sensitive element is expressed as Rh=Rho・e ^−AH (a).

However, Rho: resistance when the relative humidity is 0%RH, A: humidity constant, H: relative humidity (%RH).On the other hand, a temperature sensing element, which is often used for temperature detection,
For example, it is well known that the resistance Rt of a thermistor is expressed as Rt=Rt∞・e ^B/T (b).

However, Rt∞: Absolute temperature (〓) Resistance at infinity, B: Temperature constant, T: Absolute temperature (〓) Moisture-sensing element and temperature-sensing element exhibiting resistance changes expressed by the above formulas (a) and (b) When illustrating the resistance change characteristics of each element, the former is shown in Figure 1 and the latter is shown in Figure 2.
It is clear that it exhibits an exponentially negative linear characteristic with respect to changes in temperature (°C) and temperature (RH).

When both of the above elements are connected in series, the combined resistance R is expressed by the following formula (c): R=Rho・e ^-AH +Rt∞・e ^B/T ...(c). 〓) is plotted on the horizontal axis and the relative humidity (%RH) is plotted on the vertical axis. If the resistance values are expressed as equal resistance lines on a chart, the result is as shown in Figure 3.

Examining this graph, we find the following:

First, on the right side of the temperature/humidity reference point P, the resistance value change of the temperature sensing element is smaller than the combined resistance R due to temperature changes, but this is because the resistance value change of the humidity sensing element is too large. be.

Next, on the left side of the temperature/humidity reference point P, the change in resistance of the humidity sensing element is smaller than the combined resistance R due to changes in humidity, but this is because the change in resistance of the humidity sensing element is too small. This is because the rate of change in resistance with respect to the change in resistance of the temperature sensing element becomes smaller.

Therefore, in the two regions far from the temperature and humidity reference point P, the region where the relative humidity is low and the temperature is high, and the region where the relative humidity is high and the temperature is low, the change in the combined resistance value is This indicates that the range is unstable, and can be said to be an inappropriate range for use as a detector.

Based on the above considerations, a resistor circuit is constructed in which resistors 3 and 4 are connected in parallel to each element 1 and 2, respectively, for a series circuit consisting of a humidity sensing element 1 and a temperature sensing element 2, as shown in Figure 4. It has been found that by forming such a structure, the unstable detection zone can be cut off and a suitable detection element can be provided.

That is, on the right side of the temperature/humidity reference point P, by limiting the resistance change due to humidity change by the parallel resistor 3, it is possible to relatively increase the rate of change in resistance value due to temperature. On the left side of point P, the parallel resistor 4 makes it possible to increase the rate of change in resistance value with respect to changes in humidity.

On the other hand, it is conventionally known that the curve representing the discomfort index is as shown in FIG. 5, and the discomfort index corresponds to a humidity of 10% RH (relative humidity) per 1°C.

Therefore, the humidity sensing element 1, the temperature sensing element 2, and the resistors 3 and 4 are arranged so that the equal resistance line of the combined resistance in the circuit shown in FIG. 4 coincides with the equal discomfort index curve shown in FIG.
It can be seen that by appropriately setting each resistance value, the above circuit can be used as a single element for detecting the comfort level.

Next, an example in which the circuit shown in FIG. 4 can exhibit iso-resistance characteristics approximating the curve of the iso-discomfort index within a certain range of temperature and humidity is as follows.

For humidity sensing element 1, Rh=160KΩ (however, 27
℃, humidity constant A is 0.09 at 50% RH), while for temperature sensing element 2, Rt = 48KΩ
(However, the temperature constant B is 7000 at 27℃), and the resistors 3 and 4 connected in parallel are 15KΩ and 250KΩ, and the temperature and relative humidity are 23~29℃ and 40~90℃, respectively. When the equal composite resistance curve was actually measured and displayed in an air-conditioned environment in the range of 90% to 50%, it was as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the discomfort index can be directly detected using this single resistor circuit, without having to measure temperature and humidity separately and perform calculations.

It should be noted that the line indicating comfort level cannot be specifically shown as the state of comfort has not been theoretically elucidated at present, but since it is thought that what can be called an iso-comfort line generally coincides with an iso-discomfort index line, the above It is possible to control to obtain a comfortable environment using a resistance circuit as a detection element, but even if the iso-comfort line does not match the iso-discomfort index line, it is presumed that there is no major difference. It can be said that the comfort level of an air-conditioned environment can be detected using a detector using a circuit as an element.

Also, depending on the resistance value of the temperature sensing element 2, the resistor 4 may be omitted in parallel, and the resistor 4 may be connected in parallel only to the humidity sensing element 1.
For example, Rh = 160KΩ (27
℃50%RH), Rt=16KΩ (at 27℃)
On the other hand, even when the resistor 3 connected in parallel is set to 8KΩ, a result is obtained in which the iso-resistance line approximately matches the iso-discomfort index line.

Next, let us examine the conditions for obtaining an equal composite resistance curve that approximately matches the equal discomfort index line.

Currently, there are only a few types of moisture sensing elements 1 provided, and the range of the A constant is narrow.

On the other hand, in the case of the temperature sensing element 2, a wide range of resistance values and B constants can be obtained relatively easily, and there are many types.

From these facts, it is easy to select the respective constants of the temperature sensing element 2, such as a thermistor, for the humidity sensing element 1.

Therefore, when designing a comfort level detector, the means for determining the constants and resistance ratios of the thermistor with respect to the humidity sensing element 1 at the temperature and humidity reference point P in the temperature and humidity field is as follows.

The combined resistance R of the above detector is as shown in the previous equation (c), the temperature coefficient α (rate of change per 1〓) is α=1/R・dR/dT, and the humidity coefficient is ΔH (rate of change per 1% RH) is ΔH=1/R dR/dH.

At temperature and humidity reference point P, when Rh=Rt, α=-1/2・B/T ² , △H=-A/2, 2When Rh=Rt, α=-2/3・B/T ² , When △H=-A/3, 4Rh=Rt, α=-4/5・B/T ² , △H=-A/5, Therefore, when NRh=Rt, α=-N/N+1・B/T ² , △H=-A/N+1.

Now, when the slope required for the comfort level indicator in the temperature and humidity field is D (%RH/〓), the optimum value of the ratio of the thermistor resistance value to the humidity sensing element is as follows.

From α=△H×D, N=D×A×T ² /B…(d) Now, D=10, A=0.09, T=297〓(24℃), B
= 7000, then N = 11.34.

To easily obtain this from a graph without calculation, as shown in Figure 7, the horizontal axis Rt/Rh is divided into equal divisions, and the left vertical axis is the temperature coefficient α (×10 ^-2 ). The resistance changes of the humidity sensing element 1 and the temperature sensing element 2 are plotted on a diagram in which the right vertical axis is the same scale as the left vertical axis, and the humidity coefficient △H (×10 ^-3 ) is divided into equal divisions. Then, the value on the horizontal axis corresponding to the intersection of both curves is found.

In this case, D = 10 refers to the slope equivalent to a change in RH of 10% per 1°C, that is, the discomfort index, and the discomfort index changes depending on individual differences and racial differences. Naturally, it is possible that a change of 20% RH per 1°C is appropriate as the discomfort index, and in that case, the right vertical axis is double the scale of the left vertical axis, and the humidity coefficient △H The resistance change can be plotted in the same manner on a diagram with an equal division scale of (×10 ^-3 ).

By such means, the resistance value of the temperature sensing element 2 (thermistor) with respect to the humidity sensing element 1 may be determined,
The ratio of the optimal resistance value of the thermistor to the humidity sensing element 1 is (10 to 20) x A x T ² /B. Next, resistors 3 and 4 connected in parallel to each element 1 and 2
It is necessary to determine the range of values for
This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 13 to 13.

FIG. 9 is an iso-resistance diagram when the resistances 3 and 4 are set to the same value with respect to each resistance of the humidity sensing element 1 and the temperature sensing element 2 at the temperature and humidity reference point P. Point P is a point at 24°C and 80% RH on the iso-discomfort index line with 27°C and 50% RH (the same applies to Figures 10 to 13 below), Rh = 10.75KΩ,
Rt=121.475KΩ (Rt/Rh=11.3), value of resistor 3
The value of R ₁ is set to 10.75KΩ, and the value of resistor 4 is set to R ₂ =121.475KΩ. Further, the humidity constant A is A=0.09, and the temperature constant B is B=7000.

Below, the setting conditions in each figure are as follows.

ΓFigure 10; Rh: R ₁ = 1:2, Rt: R ₂ = 1:2, Rh = 10.75KΩ, A = 0.09, Rt = 121.475KΩ, B = 7000, R ₁ = 21.5KΩ, R ₂ = 242.95KΩ, ΓFigure 11; Rh: R ₁ = 1:3, Rt: R ₂ = 1:5, Rh = 10.75KΩ, A = 0.09, Rt = 121.475KΩ, B = 7000, R ₁ = 32.25KΩ, R ₂ = 607.375KΩ, ΓFigure 12; Rh: R ₁ = 1:4, Rt: R ₂ = 1:20, Rh = 10.75KΩ, A = 0.09, Rt = 121.475KΩ, B = 7000, R ₁ = 43KΩ, R ₂ = 2429.5KΩ, ΓFigure 13; Rh: R ₁ = 1:5, Rt: R ₂ = 1:30, Rh = 10.75KΩ, A = 0.09, Rt = 121.475KΩ, B = 7000, R ₁ = 53.75KΩ, R ₂ = 3644.25KΩ, As is clear from comparing the five types of diagrams explained above, the line connecting the point of 27℃, 50%RH and 24℃, 80%RH, that is, 10%RH The ones that approximate the discomfort index line of /℃ are limited to the three types shown in Figures 10 to 12, and the ones shown in Figures 9 and 13 are slightly biased. Therefore, the resistance of resistor 3 at the temperature and humidity reference point P is 1 to 5 times that of humidity sensing element 1, while the resistance of resistor 4 is also temperature sensitive. It can be seen that it is sufficient if it is 1 to 30 times that of element 2.

Note that the resistor 4 can be omitted depending on the combination of both elements 1 and 2, since it has a wide range of application and can even be multiplied to infinity.

By the way, the temperature and humidity reference point P is the reference point for determining the resistance values of the humidity sensing element 1 and the temperature sensing element 2, and the values of the resistors 3 and 4 connected in parallel to both elements 1 and 2, respectively. This reference point P is not limited to any conditions, but is limited to a certain range, and this is shown in Figures 14 to 16.
This will be explained using figures.

Figure 14 shows the iso-resistance lines of the combined resistance when the relative humidity is 80% RH as the humidity standard and the temperature reference point is shifted by 1°C from 20 to 29°C. ~10), the respective resistance values are Rh=10.75KΩ, Rt=121.475KΩ, (Rt=
11.3Rh) R ₁ = 32.25KΩ, (R ₁ = 3Rh), R ₂ = 607.375KΩ,
(R ₂ =5Rt) A=0.09, B=7000, and the combined resistance is 109.29KΩ.

As can be seen from this figure, both curves have a change in temperature per 1°C in the range of relative humidity (50%RH to 80%RH).
It shows a change of 10%RH, and the temperature reference point is usually within the range where temperature and humidity control is required (50~80%RH, 20~
28℃), this means that any temperature point can be used as the standard.

FIG. 15 is a graph when the temperature reference point is kept constant at 24° C. and the relative humidity reference point is changed to 80%RH, 70%RH, and 60%RH.

The required range of temperature and humidity control is within the thick line frame from 20 to
Assuming 30℃ and relative humidity 80-40%RH,
It is clear from the transition of the line passing through the three points above that, compared to the iso-resistance line passing through the point, the part of the iso-resistance line passing through the reference point where the relative humidity is lower than that point is shorter in the part that is almost a straight line. However, it is hard to say that it is appropriate.

Therefore, from the above, the relative humidity reference point range is from the upper limit of the required humidity control range (80%RH).
A range of 20% RH lower is appropriate.

The resistance values and constants at each reference point in FIG. 15 are calculated as follows.

Point; Combined resistance = 109.29KΩ, A = 0.09, B = 7000, Rh = 10.75KΩ, Rt = 121.475KΩ, R ₁ = 32.25KΩ, (R ₁ = 3Rh), R ₂ = 607.375KΩ,
(R ₂ = 5Rt) Point; Combined resistance = 268.8KΩ, A = 0.09, B = 7000, Rh = 26.443KΩ, Rt = 298.8KΩ, R ₁ = 79.329KΩ, (R ₁ = 3Rh), R ₂ = 1.494MΩ ,
(R ₂ = 5Rt), Point; Combined resistance = 661.2KΩ, A = 0.09, B = 7000, Rh = 65.04KΩ, Rt = 735KΩ, R ₁ = 195.12KΩ, (R ₁ = 3Rh), R ₂ = 3.675MΩ ,
(R ₂ = 5Rt), From the above results, the temperature and humidity reference point P is determined from the entire temperature and humidity range of the air-conditioned area where temperature and humidity control is required, including the upper limit for humidity, and It can be seen that it is appropriate to select and obtain arbitrary values from the range from the upper limit to a value 20% RH lower.

Therefore, the temperature and humidity control range (20~30℃, 80~40%)
An example of a detector that can obtain an iso-resistance line approximating the iso-discomfort index line within RH) is shown in Figure 16. In this example, the temperature and humidity reference point P, that is, 24 The combined resistance value at ℃ and 80%RH is
109.29KΩ, and the respective resistance values and constants at the reference point are Rh=10.75KΩ, Rt=121.475K
Ω (Rt/Rh=11.3), R ₁ = 32.25KΩ (R ₁ = 3Rh),
R ₂ = 607.375KΩ (R ₂ = 5Rt), A = 0.09, B =
7000.

In this example, the iso-resistance line of the combined resistance approximately matches the form of the iso-discomfort index line within the temperature/humidity control range, indicating that it can sufficiently function as a detection element for detecting comfort level. There is.

In addition, when attempting to further expand the temperature and humidity control range of the air-conditioned area, the purpose can be achieved by connecting a positive thermistor in place of the resistor connected in parallel with the humidity sensing element 1.

The device of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and operation, and is a simple device in which a humidity sensing element 1 and a temperature sensing element 2 are connected in series, and a resistor 3 is connected in parallel to at least the humidity sensing element 1. The structure provides temperature-humidity-resistance characteristics with an iso-resistance curve that can match the discomfort index curve, making direct reading possible compared to conventional systems that detect and calculate temperature and humidity individually. In addition, as a result of being able to omit complex calculation functions,
This not only simplifies the control system, but also has the advantage of being applicable to general-purpose machines.

Moreover, the present invention provides a moisture sensing element 1 and a temperature sensing element 2.
By connecting a resistor in parallel to at least the humidity sensing element 1, a suitable combination of commonly used humidity sensing elements 1 and temperature sensing elements 2 can be used to create a detector that meets the desired purpose. As a result, temperature compensation elements and compensation circuits are completely unnecessary, and by using it as a detector in an air conditioner, it is easy to control the air conditioner so that it does not get too cold or too dry and always feels comfortable. This is an extremely useful invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are resistance change diagrams with respect to relative humidity and temperature, respectively, of a humidity sensing element and a temperature sensing element, which are elements of an example of the detector of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a resistance change diagram with respect to temperature and humidity of the detector of the present invention. Characteristic explanatory diagram, Figure 4 is the same wiring diagram, Figure 5 is the equal discomfort index diagram,
FIG. 6 is an iso-resistance diagram with respect to temperature and humidity of an example of the detector of the present invention, FIGS. 9 to 16 are temperature/humidity constant resistance diagrams used to set the conditions necessary for the combination of both elements and resistors of the detector of the present invention. 1... Moisture sensing element, 2... Temperature sensing element, 3, 4...
resistance.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A moisture sensing element 1 in which the resistance change with respect to a change in relative humidity (%RH) has a humidity constant of A and exhibits an exponentially negative linear characteristic, and the resistance change with respect to a change in temperature is A temperature sensing element 2 having a temperature constant of B and exhibiting an exponentially negative linear characteristic is connected in series, and a resistor 3 is connected in parallel to at least the humidity sensing element 1 to control temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity are obtained by selecting arbitrary values from the entire range for temperature and from the range including the upper limit up to a value 20% RH lower than the upper limit for humidity. At the reference point, the resistance 3 is 1 to 5 times the resistance of the humidity sensing element 1, and the resistance of the temperature sensing element 2 is (10 to 20) × A × T ² / A comfort level detector for an air conditioner, characterized in that the temperature is B times (T: absolute temperature value of a temperature/humidity reference point).