JPS6338487B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to concrete blocks for seawalls of rivers, ports, etc., and a method of constructing seawalls using the concrete blocks.

``Conventional technology and its problems'' Conventional concrete blocks for river revetments are generally designed to be arranged in a straight line, and as a result, there are always large gaps in curved sections, and there are gaps between the lower and upper tiers. Since the curve lengths are different, the gap becomes larger and larger, so this was dealt with by using differently shaped blocks. However, since the curve lengths vary depending on the site, this cannot be achieved without using multiple types of irregularly shaped blocks, which means that various formworks for irregularly shaped blocks, which are rarely used, must be prepared, which significantly increases construction costs. Otherwise, it had no choice but to become impossible to construct.

``Purpose of the Invention'' The purpose of the present invention is to create concrete that can freely adapt to the radius of curvature of the site without using special blocks, can be stacked easily and stably, and has a high bank protection effect. An object of the present invention is to provide a block and a method of constructing a seawall that can efficiently construct a seawall even in a place with a small radius of curvature using the block.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The concrete block according to the present invention has a trapezoidal recess formed in the middle part of both upper and lower surfaces of a rectangular body, and chamfers the upper and lower edges of both front and rear ends of the rectangular body. A trapezoidal upper and lower convex part is formed on both the front and rear sides of the recessed part, and a projection for maintaining the distance is integrally provided in the middle part of at least one of the left and right sides, and a large penetration penetrating the center of the upper and lower recessed parts. It has holes.

This block may further be provided with a small through hole passing through from the center of the protrusion to the opposite surface.

In addition, the construction method according to the present invention uses a large number of concrete blocks as described above, connects a plurality of concrete blocks as one unit to each other via the projections, and inserts bolts etc. into the corresponding small through holes. After connecting the concrete blocks together, the plurality of concrete block connected bodies are stacked in multiple stages by fitting the concave portions and convex portions of each other and filling them with backing material in a staggered manner. do.

"Function" The blocks can be arranged and connected to each other by the protrusions while maintaining a constant distance from each other. At this time, if the protrusions connect the blocks to each other at an angle, the blocks can be bent and connected to correspond to the curved portion. This can be made more flexible by providing protrusions with different lengths. Providing a small through hole in the block itself through which a bolt or the like is inserted allows for efficient connection.

The concrete blocks connected in this manner can be stacked one on top of the other in a manner that is offset from front to back by engaging each other's trapezoidal concave portions and convex portions. The stacked upper and lower blocks lock each other in forward and backward movement. Since gaps are formed between the blocks by the protrusions,
The gap can be filled with a backing material, and the force of running water can be reduced in this gap. In this case, since a large through hole passing through the center of the upper and lower recesses is provided, the effect is further improved. Moreover, since the pumping pressure passes upward and downward through this large through hole, stability is improved. Furthermore, when a small through hole is provided, a bolt or the like inserted therein can be tightened within this large through hole.

When a plurality of sets of connected concrete blocks are staggered and stacked in multiple stages, the above-mentioned gaps alternate between odd-numbered stages and even-numbered stages, so that the various effects described above are further improved.

"Embodiments" The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to illustrated embodiments.

Figure 1 is a front view of a concrete block (hereinafter referred to as the main block) 1 according to the present invention,
The figure is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view. This block 1 has a generally rectangular shape as a whole, and a trapezoidal recess 2 having a size of approximately one-third of the front and back length of the rectangular body is formed in the middle part of both upper and lower surfaces of the block 1. A chamfered side 3 is formed by chamfering the upper and lower edges at both front and rear ends of the block, and four portions between the chamfered side 3 at these four corners and the upper and lower recesses 2 are fitted into the recesses 2 of other blocks 1. The trapezoidal convex portion 4 is of a size that allows it to move. In addition, protrusions 5 having a length of approximately one-fourth of the thickness (left and right width) of the rectangular body are integrally provided on both left and right sides of the rectangular body at a height extending between the bottom surfaces 2a of the upper and lower recesses 2. are doing.

These left and right protrusions 5 have a width that is approximately the same as the width of the bottom surface 2a of the recess 2, and gradually become thinner from the base end toward the tip end. On the distal end surface of one of the protrusions 5, a vertically long protrusion 5 that is curved and slightly protrudes.
a. On the tip surface of the other protrusion 5, there is another block 1
Shallow grooves 5b are formed in a curved manner so that the protrusions 5a can be fitted into the grooves 5b.
In this case, for the protrusions 5a and grooves 5b, it is better to make the amount of protrusion slightly larger than the amount of the recess, rather than making the amount of protrusion of the former the same as the amount of recess of the latter, as shown in FIG. When they are fitted together, a gap 6 is formed between the tip surfaces of the protrusions 5, which is advantageous because the blocks 1 can have flexibility in bending with each other.

In order to connect the blocks 1 to each other with bolts or the like, a small through hole 7 is provided which passes between the centers of the tip surfaces of the left and right protrusions 5. Furthermore, a large through hole 8 is provided in the center of the rectangular body, passing through the center portions of the bottom surfaces 2a of the upper and lower recesses 2, and the small through holes 7 continue laterally through the large through hole 8. In the illustrated example, the large through hole 8 is circular, but it may also be square, hexagonal, or the like.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the protrusions 5 are provided on both the left and right sides, but they may be provided on only one side. In this case, the protrusions 5a and the grooves 5b may be omitted. In addition, blocks without protrusions 5 are also prepared to be installed at the edge of the seawall.

The standard block 1 is a rectangular body with a front and rear length of 0.5 to 1 m, a width of 0.5 to 1 m, and a height of 0.35 to 0.7 m.

Next, a method of constructing a seawall using a large number of such blocks 1 will be explained. In addition, in the following, the block 1 has protrusions 5 on both the left and right sides.
The one with only one side is called block 1a, and the one without it is called block 1b.

First, a required plurality of blocks 1 are connected together as one unit as shown in FIG. 4 to form a connected concrete block. The connection is made by fitting the protrusion 5a of the protrusion 5 of one block 1 into the groove 5b of the protrusion 5 of the other block 1, and inserting the bolt 9 into the corresponding small through hole 7, so that both ends of the protrusion 5a are fitted. This is done by tightening with nuts 10 in the large through holes 8 of both blocks 1, and this is successively continued to connect the required plurality of blocks 1 in a beaded shape. As a result, a gap 11 is formed between the blocks 1 by the protrusions 5. Since the length of the protrusion 5 is approximately one-fourth of the width of the rectangular body as described above, this gap is approximately one-half the width of the rectangular body. In addition, if it is desired to widen this gap a little, a packing or the like may be interposed between the protrusion 5a and the groove 5b.

The blocks 1 are thus connected to each other via their protrusions 5, and a gap 6 is formed between the fitted protrusions 5a and grooves 5b. 1. By rotating them back and forth, the connected concrete blocks can be curved or meandered as a whole.

Furthermore, by preparing protrusions 5 with different lengths, it is possible to adapt to differences in the curve lengths of the upper and lower stages at the construction site. Adjustment of the length of the protrusion 5 can be easily carried out by simply replacing only the formwork of that part as appropriate. For example, if the curve length is 2 cm shorter than the standard length of one main block, the length of the protrusion 5 will be 1 cm on both sides.
You can use a formwork that shortens the length by cm. If it is necessary to shorten the length by 2.5 cm, the protrusions 5 may be manufactured using the same formwork, and the gap between the protrusions 5 may be adjusted by 0.5 cm during installation. Further, if the curve length is longer than the standard length of one main block, the length of the protrusion 5 may be increased accordingly. Furthermore, differences in curve length can also be accommodated by using packing as described above. Therefore, according to this block, there is no need to prepare blocks of various irregular shapes.

In the case of block 1a with protrusion 5 on only one side,
As shown in FIG. 6, the tip of the protrusion 5 is joined to the side surface of the adjacent block 1a and connected in the same way, and the block 1a with the protrusion 5 on only one side and the end block 1b without the protrusion 5 are connected. This is done by joining the sides of each other.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show examples of construction of a seawall using concrete blocks connected as described above. First, in the first stage, the block 1b without the protrusion 5 is installed at the end, then two blocks 1a with the protrusion 5 on one side are connected and installed side by side, and from then on, the block 1b with the protrusion 5 on both sides is installed. The concrete block connections mentioned above are installed one after another. Second
In each stage, a block 1a is placed at the end, and a connected concrete block consisting of block 1 is arranged beyond that, and the recesses 2 and protrusions 4 of these are the recesses 2 and protrusions of the blocks 1, 1a, and 1b of the first stage. 4 and are stacked so that they interlock with each other in the front and back, and are filled with backing material 12. The third row is stacked in the same way as the first row, and the fourth row is stacked in the same way as the first row.
They are stacked in the same arrangement as the tiers, filled with backfilling material 12 in the same manner, and stacked one after another while inserting the erosion control sheet 14 between it and the buried soil 13. Note that the erosion control sheet 14 has a block gap 11.
It may be placed so that it is closed from the back side.

In the seawall constructed in this way, the blocks 1 are shifted to the left and right in the odd-numbered and even-numbered tiers, and the block gaps 11 are staggered, and the concave portions 2 and convex portions 4 of one block 1 in the lower tier are Since the two blocks 1 in the upper stage are engaged with each other, and the blocks in each stage are connected to each other by bolts 9, there is no chance of the blocks slipping out due to earth pressure from the back. In addition, since the upper and lower blocks engage with each other in a front-back and left-right direction as described above, depending on the site, it is possible to withstand rear earth pressure without connecting the blocks with each other with bolts 9.

In addition, since the water behind the seawall flows out from the gaps between the left and right blocks or the gaps between the upper and lower blocks, residual water pressure will not be applied to the seawall structure. Since it is locked by the protrusion 5 within 11, it will not flow out to the front of the seawall.

Further, since the block gaps 11 are arranged alternately in odd-numbered stages and even-numbered stages in a staggered manner, the roughness coefficient is high and the effect of reducing the force of flowing water is good. In addition,
The large through hole 8 is designed so that when flowing water violently collides with the seawall, a part of the flowing water passes through the large through hole 8 and creates a complicated flow, and the pumping pressure is released above and below this hole. It is very effective in reducing the power of flowing water and increasing the stability of this block. It should be noted that this large through hole 8 can be used to move and transport the main block and its connected body, so there is no need to specially embed hanging reinforcing bars or the like, which is convenient. Further, when there is a possibility that the backfilling material 12 may sink and the block may tilt, the backfilling material can be replenished through the large through hole 8.

Furthermore, by appropriately setting the overall dimensions of the blocks 1 and the sizes of the concave portions 2 and convex portions 4, the slope when the blocks are stacked can be matched to a predetermined design slope. In the example of FIG. 5, this slope is set to 5 minutes.

"Effects of the Invention" As detailed above, the concrete blocks of the present invention can be stacked easily and stably, and in the vertical direction, the upper and lower convex portions and concave portions of the blocks are engaged with each other. Since they can be stacked up and connected in the left and right direction with gaps formed by their own protrusions, the bank protection effect and the effect of reducing the force of flowing water are high. Moreover, since the blocks can be arranged at arbitrary angles, it is possible to adapt to a small radius of curvature. moreover,
Since it has a large through hole that penetrates vertically, it is highly stable against pumping pressure.

When small through-holes are provided that pass through from side to side, bolts or the like can be passed through these holes to connect them, and the required number of through-holes can be stacked as one unit.

Furthermore, according to the construction method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently construct a seawall appropriate for the site even in areas with a small radius of curvature, and there is no need to prepare various irregularly shaped blocks, so construction costs can be reduced. Can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of the concrete blocks of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a plan view, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the concrete blocks in a connected state. Fifth
6 and 7 are a cross-sectional view, a front view, and a plan view of an example of a seawall constructed using this block. 1... Concrete block, 2... Recess, 3
... Chamfered side, 4 ... Protrusion, 5 ... Protrusion, 7 ...
Small through hole, 8... Large through hole, 9... Bolt, 12
...Backing material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A trapezoidal recess 2 in the middle of both upper and lower surfaces of the rectangular body.
At the same time, the upper and lower edges of the front and rear ends of the rectangular body are chamfered to form trapezoidal upper and lower convex parts 4 on both the front and rear sides of the recessed part 2, and at the intermediate part of at least one of the left and right sides, A concrete block for a seawall, characterized in that a projection 5 for maintaining a distance is integrally provided, and a large through hole 8 passing through the center of the upper and lower recesses 2 is further provided. 2 Trapezoidal recess 2 in the middle part of both the upper and lower sides of the rectangular body
At the same time, the upper and lower edges of the front and rear ends of the rectangular body are chamfered to form trapezoidal upper and lower convex parts 4 on both the front and rear sides of the recessed part 2, and at the intermediate part of at least one of the left and right sides, A projection 5 for maintaining the distance is integrally provided, a small through hole 7 is provided that penetrates from the center of the projection 5 to the opposite surface, and a large through hole 8 is further provided that penetrates the center of the upper and lower recesses 2. Characteristic concrete blocks for seawalls. 3 Trapezoidal recess 2 in the middle part of both the upper and lower sides of the rectangular body
At the same time, the upper and lower edges of the front and rear ends of the rectangular body are chamfered to form trapezoidal upper and lower convex parts 4 on both the front and rear sides of the recessed part 2, and at the intermediate part of at least one of the left and right sides, A large number of holes are formed by integrally providing a projection 5 for maintaining the distance, a small through hole 7 penetrating from the center of the projection 5 to the opposite surface, and a large through hole 8 penetrating the center of the upper and lower recesses 2. Using concrete blocks, the required plurality of blocks are connected to each other via the projections 5 as one unit, and bolts or the like are inserted into the matching small through holes 7 to connect them, and then the plurality of sets of concrete blocks are connected. A method for constructing a seawall, characterized in that the recesses 2 and protrusions 3 are fitted together, and the recesses 2 and 3 are stacked in multiple stages in a staggered manner while being filled with backing material 12.