JPS6339042B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides an eyepiece for observing or photographing an object in front of the window through an observation window on the distal end side of the endoscope insertion part from the eyepiece in an endoscope using a relay lens system. By making it possible to change the length of the slit in conjunction with the focus adjustment operation of the lens system,
This invention relates to a length-measuring endoscope that can determine the size of a target object from the length of a slit that corresponds to a distance.

In recent years, endoscopes have been widely used in diagnosis and treatment within body cavities.

Figure 1 shows the positional relationship between a rigid endoscope when observing an object close to it and when observing it far away from the object.
FIG. 2 shows visual field images observed from the eyepiece of the rigid endoscope in each case of FIG. 1.

Figure 3 shows an optical imaging system showing how an object is imaged when the object is close and when it is far away (here, the solid line is when the object is far away, and the dotted line is when the object is far away). ).

In these figures, a rigid endoscope 1 includes an insertion section 2 to be inserted into a body cavity, a grip section 4 provided with a connection mouthpiece 3 for a light guide (not shown) that transmits irradiation light, and this grip. The eyepiece section 4 is connected to an eyepiece section 5 for observation and photography.

Inside the insertion section 2, an object (indicated by an arrow-shaped symbol in FIG. 3) in front of the observation window is detected by an objective lens system 6 installed inside the insertion section 2 so as to face the observation window at the tip of the insertion section 2. An image transmitting means 8 constituted by a relay lens system for transmitting optical images 7 is installed inside the camera, and images are sequentially formed on the hand side along an optical axis 9 by this image transmitting means 8. The optical image formed in this way in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis 9 in front of the eyepiece unit 5 close to the eyepiece lens system 10 is magnified and observed by the eyepiece lens system 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the position and size of the optical image formed in front of the eyepiece system 10 vary depending on the distance of the object 7. When observing from a certain angle, the eyepiece system 10 is moved back and forth along the direction of the optical axis 9 and adjusted to form a clear optical image.

For example, a projecting object 7 as shown in FIG.
An endoscope 1 placed close to the endoscope 1 and an endoscope 1 placed far away.
Accordingly, the visual field images when observed from the eyepiece 5 are as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Note that the wedge-shaped protrusion formed at the upper part of the circumference of the circular field of view is an index used to determine whether the film surface is front or back when taking a photograph, and is naturally formed in a left-right asymmetric shape.

When observing an object such as an affected area using the endoscope 1 configured as described above and making a diagnosis based on this observation, it is necessary to know the size of the object such as the affected area (when diagnosing). It is often necessary.
Conventionally, for this purpose, it has generally been used to provide an endoscope with a channel for length measurement, or to use a channel for inserting a treatment instrument also for length measurement.

However, if a channel is provided for length measurement in this way, the diameter of the insertion portion becomes thicker, causing pain to the patient during insertion, and if the channel is also used, rapid length measurement or prompt treatment will not be possible. This inconvenience has arisen, and it has sometimes become a big problem, especially in diagnosis or treatment when an emergency is required.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and the length of the slit is varied near the position where the object is imaged by the relay lens system in conjunction with the focus adjustment operation of the eyepiece system. To provide a length measuring endoscope capable of determining the size of an object by changing the length of the observed slit according to the distance without increasing the diameter of the insertion part. With the goal.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a front sectional view showing the main parts of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the drive plate of this embodiment, and FIGS. A side sectional view of the main part shown in the figure is shown.

A length measuring endoscope 21 according to the present invention has an insertion section 22 and a gripper provided with a cap section 24 for connecting a light guide 23 housed inside the insertion section 22 to a light source device (not shown), as in the conventional example described above. The eyepiece 27 is connected to the gripping portion 25 and has an observation eyepiece system 26 therein. The grip portion 25 and the eyepiece portion 27 are configured as described below.

One (front) end of the approximately cylindrical gripping part 25 is connected to the insertion part 22 which has a light guide 23 for transmitting illumination light to the distal end side of the insertion part 22 and an image transmission means 28 constituted by a relay lens system. An eyepiece (eyepiece frame) 30 having an eyepiece window (glass) 29 is screwed to the other (rear) end thereof to form an eyepiece portion 27. This eyepiece 3
A photographing device is detachably attached to the camera 0 via a photographing adapter having a photographing lens (not shown).

A cylindrical eyepiece frame 31 having a hollow outer wall fitted into the cylindrical inner wall of the gripping part 25 is installed, and the eyepiece 26 is fitted into an annular recess formed in the inner wall at the rear end of the eyepiece frame 31 at a predetermined distance apart. A focusing plate 32 on which an optical image is formed and a field mask 33 regulating the field of view are provided in the annular recess on the inner wall in front of the focusing plate 32.
A rotatable ring 34 is fitted therein.

A convex portion 36 having a through hole and a storage space inside is formed on the side wall of the gripping portion 25, and the shaft of the camera 35 is fitted and inserted into this through hole. The convex portion 36 is connected to a disc-shaped drive plate 37 that comes into contact with the inner wall of the storage space. As shown in FIG. 5, this drive plate 37 has first and second pins 38 and 39 protruding inwardly (downward in FIG. 4) at two locations (for example, in a direction perpendicular to the center).
are screwed together. The first pin 38 provided on the drive plate 37 is located at the inner side of the drive plate 37, as shown in the side cross-sectional view of FIG. It is configured to pass through a through hole 40 formed in the eyepiece frame 31 and to fit into a vertical groove-like recess 41 provided in a rotary ring 34 whose outer wall abuts on the inner wall of the eyepiece frame 31. There is. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When rotated (rotated) as shown in , the first pin 38 moves as shown by arrow C, and the tip of the first pin 38 fits into the vertical groove-shaped recess of the rotating ring 34 to be accommodated. 41, the rotating ring 34 is configured to rotate in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 6 while contacting the inner wall of the eyepiece frame 31. In this case, the recess 41 is formed in the shape of a vertical groove because the portion pressed by the first pin 38 moves back and forth (as the eyepiece frame 31 moves back and forth).

On the other hand, the second pin 39 is attached to the eyepiece frame 31, as shown in the schematic side sectional view of FIG. When the second pin 39 is fitted into the groove-shaped recess 42 formed along the lateral direction (direction perpendicular to the central axis) and moves in the direction shown by arrow D as shown in FIG. The eyepiece frame 31, which the pin 39 engages with on the side wall of the recess 42, is moved back and forth in the direction in which both walls are pressed (in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG. 7), that is, in the direction of the central axis. It is configured. The rotation of the eyepiece frame 31 around the axis is regulated by a screw that is screwed into and protrudes from the cylindrical portion.

As shown in FIG. 8, a field mask 33 with a circular field of view (range) is formed on the focusing plate 32 including the crosshairs, and an opaque mask part (left side part in the figure) around this circular field of view has a A slit 43 is formed by providing an elongated notch, and when observing this slit 43 from the eyepiece 27, there is a rotating ring 34 in front of the slit 43.
The structure is such that it is blocked and cannot be observed.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the rotating ring 34 having the recess 41 formed in the upper part of the outer wall has a part of its inner wall cut out along its circumference to form a mask relief part 44, From the eyepiece 27 to the focus plate 3
When observing the optical image formed on the mask 2, the structure is such that the portion (length) of the slit 43 that overlaps with the notch of the mask relief portion 44 is observed in front of the inside of the slit 43.

In this way, the focusing plate 32 and the eyepiece system 26 arranged so that the optical images formed on the focusing plate 32 can be observed at predetermined intervals with magnification are attached to the eyepiece frame 31.
The drive plate 3 is connected to a camera 35 which is an operating means for adjusting the eyepiece frame 31 back and forth, and is connected so as to be integrally movable back and forth along the optical axis.
By providing the first and second pins 38 and 39 in the camera 7, the eyepiece frame 31, which engages with the second pin 39, can be moved back and forth by the focus adjustment operation by the camera 35, and the The slit 43 observed by rotating the rotating ring 34 with the pin 38 of 1
It is configured so that the length can be changed in conjunction with each other.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, in order to form a clear optical image from the eyepiece section 27 onto the reticle 32 and to observe it magnified by the eyepiece lens system 26, it is necessary to take a picture. The rotation of the handle 35 will be adjusted. As the camera 35 rotates, its shaft also rotates, and the first and second pins 38 and 39 move in the directions shown in FIG. 5, respectively. This second pin 39
The eyepiece frame 31, which engages with the second pin 39, moves back and forth, and the rotating ring 34, which engages with the first pin 38, moves back and forth as shown in FIG. 6 or 9. Rotate. As the rotating ring 34 rotates, the mask relief portion 44 also rotates, and a transparent portion 45 is formed as shown in FIG. 10, through which the mask relief portion 44 located in front of the slit 43 can be observed. , the length of the observed slit 43 (transmission part 45
(length) will change. In this case, for example, when observing a nearby object, the camera 35 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 5, and the rotating ring 34 is also rotated counterclockwise in FIG. The length of the slit 43 observed becomes long, and on the other hand, when observing a distant object, the length of the slit 43 observed becomes short. Therefore, the observed length of the slit 43 can be used as a reference for measuring the length (size) of the object 46.

No. 11 showing the relationship between the length of the observed slit 43 and the length at which the object 46 is imaged on the focusing plate 32.
This will be explained in detail below with reference to the figures.

In FIG. 11a, the image formed by the objective lens system 6 of a nearby object 46 (its length is, for example, 10 mm) is further transferred to an image transmitting means (in the figure, a single image is formed by a relay lens system). The total length of the slit 43 is adjusted so that it has the same length as the image 11A formed by the lens (shown by a lens) 7, or a length corresponding to that length. Next, the above-mentioned object 46
The length of the optical image 11B, which is similarly formed at a distance, is shorter than the above-mentioned image 11A. In this case, the rotation ring 34 is rotated for observation. If the length of the slit 43 is also adjusted to be shorter one-to-one or in a predetermined relationship, the length of the object 46 can be determined from the observed length of the slit 43 regardless of its distance.

FIGS. 12a and 12b show the slit 43 that is observed simultaneously when objects 46 located near and far are observed from the eyepiece 27 (with focus adjustment).
It is a figure showing the length of.

In this way, when measuring the length of an object, it is simply observed in conjunction with the focusing means used to clearly form and observe the optical image of the object, without using a channel as in conventional methods. The size of the object can be determined by the driving means that changes the length of the slit 43.

In the first embodiment described above, the focus plate 32 and the eyepiece lens system 26 are moved back and forth by the rotation operation of the camera 35, and the length of the slit 43 to be observed is changed by rotating the rotation ring 34. to change,
The driving plate 37 is provided with first and second pins 38 and 39, but in the second embodiment shown in FIG. By pivoting (rotating) the adjustment ring 51 provided so as to be in contact with each other, the focusing plate 32 and the eyepiece 26, which are fitted in the eyepiece frame 31 at a constant interval, can be moved forward and backward in the same manner as described above. The rotating ring 34 is rotated as it is moved, and the length of the slit 43 observed changes as the rotating ring 34 rotates.

That is, the adjustment ring 51 is provided with a pin 52 that protrudes inward, and as the pin 52 is rotated in the circumferential direction, the cylindrical side wall of the grip portion 25 that contacts the inner wall of the adjustment ring 51 is provided with a pin 52 that protrudes inward. , a spiral guiding hole 53 that moves forward or backward is provided. The pin 52 passes through this through hole 53, passes through a horizontal hole 55 provided in the inner eyepiece frame 54 along the circumferential direction, and is fitted into the inner wall of the eyepiece frame 54. It is fitted and fixed in a recess 57 provided in the outer wall of the ring 56.

The eyepiece frame 54 is configured such that it moves only in the front-back direction when the spirally moving pin 52 presses the side wall of the horizontal hole 55 due to the rotation of the adjustment ring 51.
For example, as shown in the figure, a vertical groove-like recess 58 is formed in the inner wall of the gripping part 25, and a screw 59 that moves along the vertical groove-like recess 58 is provided. The screw 59 is configured to also function to prevent the eyepiece frame 54 from rotating around the axis, as in the previous embodiment.

According to the second embodiment configured in this manner, when the adjustment ring 51 is rotated, the pin 52 protruding from the inner wall thereof moves forward or backward along the guide hole 53 as the adjustment ring 51 rotates. By this movement in the front and back directions, the pin 52 is moved into the horizontal hole 55 of the eyepiece frame 54.
The eyepiece frame 54 is moved forward or backward by pressing the side walls on both sides of the pin 52 forward or backward.
rotates the rotating ring 56 in the circumferential direction. As the rotating ring 56 rotates, the observed length of the slit 43 changes as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, the through hole 53 of the grip part 25 is formed in the circumferential direction, and the horizontal hole 55 of the eyepiece frame 54 is formed with a spiral guide that moves in the circumferential direction and also in the front and rear directions. The same effect can be obtained as a hole.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the slit 43 is not limited to the field mask 33 provided in contact with the focusing plate 42, but may be provided in other members. For example, the outside of the circular field of view of the focus plate 42 is transparent.
It is also possible to form a narrow or wide slit-like index by applying paint to the section so that the length or width thereof changes as the rotating rings 34, 56 rotate. In short, it is sufficient to provide an index such as the slit 43 so that the length or width of the slit-shaped index can be observed with some degree of clarity when observing (magnifying) the image formed through the eyepiece system 26. . or,
Although the focusing plate 42 makes it easier to observe the formed optical image, it is not absolutely necessary and can be omitted depending on the case.

Further, the slits 43 and other indicators are not limited to the embodiment in which they are formed in the vertical direction as described above, but may be formed in the horizontal direction or in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the length or width or both can be varied. It goes without saying that it may be configured such that the slit 43 or the like is used as a guide for displaying the distance of the object based on the length or width of the index such as the slit 43 described above.

As described above, according to the present invention, focus adjustment is performed to clearly observe (magnify) the image formed in front of the eyepiece system by the relay lens system by moving the eyepiece system back and forth. Since the length or width of the index such as the slit 43 can be changed in conjunction with the operation, there is an advantage that the size of the object can be easily determined.

Furthermore, since there is no need to provide a channel for length measurement and increase the diameter of the insertion section, it does not cause pain to the patient, and there is no need for the channel to be used for treatments such as treatment. So,
It also has the advantage of eliminating the inconvenient aspect that the treatment function is hindered due to this dual use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the positional relationship between a rigid endoscope when observing an object closely (dotted line) and when observing from a distance (solid line);
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the field of view of a nearby object and a distant object observed from the eyepiece, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing how a nearby object and a distant object are imaged. FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the invention, FIGS. 5 to 7 show the main parts of the invention, and FIG. Figure 6 is A- in Figure 4.
A schematic side sectional view of line A, FIG. 7 is in FIG. 4.
Schematic side sectional views taken along line A'--A', Figures 8 to 10
The figure is for explaining the operation of the first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a field of view in which a slit according to the present invention is formed, Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a field mask provided with a mask relief part, and Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a field of view mask in which a slit is formed according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the slit observed, and shows that the observed length of the slit changes with the size of the image when a nearby object and a distant object are imaged by the image transmission means. Figures 12a and 12b are explanatory diagrams showing that the length of the slit within the visual field is observed to change in the optical image of a nearby object and the optical image of a distant object. Figure 13 is the second example of this invention.
It is a front sectional view showing an example. 21... Rigid endoscope, 25... Gripping part, 26... Eyepiece, 28... Image transmission means, 31, 54... Eyepiece frame, 32... Focal plate, 33... Field mask, 3
4, 56... Rotating ring, 35... Photographing, 37... Drive plate,
38, 39, 52...pin, 43...slit, 44
...Mask escape portion, 51...Adjustment ring, 53...Through hole, 55...Horizontal hole, 57, 58...Recess, 59...Screw.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an endoscope having a function of transmitting an optical image of an object in front of an observation window to an eyepiece system on the hand side using a relay lens system, and a driving means for changing the observed length or width of the indicator in conjunction with the back and forth movement of the eyepiece system. Length measurement endoscope. 2. The index is characterized by being constituted by a slit formed so that a part of its length is blocked at a position on or near the same plane where the target object is imaged by the relay lens system. A length measuring endoscope according to claim 1.