JPS6339479B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rudder for a high-speed boat that is applied to a vessel, particularly a small boat, which is equipped with an auxiliary rudder below the main rudder and having an area smaller than the area of the main rudder.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the rudder section of a conventional high-speed boat (two-shaft, two-rudder boat) seen from the rear.

1 is the hull, 2 is the water surface, 3 is a rudder arranged in parallel behind the propeller rotating surface 4 at the stern, and 5 is a rudder shaft hanging from a steering device 6 provided inside the ship for steering the rudder 3. It is.

In conventional high-speed boats, a rudder 3 is generally arranged below the hull 1 behind the propeller rotating surface 4 by a rudder shaft 5.
The steering device 6 is configured to set a steering angle corresponding to the turning.

When the hull 1 is sailing and is about to make a left turn, for example, the rudder 3 is turned in the direction of travel and the rudder angle is adjusted so that its left side faces forward, so that the rightward direct pressure F _R generated on the rudder is Then swing the stern to the right, turn the bow to the left, and make a turn. On the other hand, in the case of a high-speed boat, the center of gravity G is located above the water surface 2, and when the boat turns to the left, the centrifugal force F _G causes the boat to list slightly to starboard. In normal turning, the moments caused by F _R and F _G act in opposite directions, and the heel angle of the hull 1 does not become excessive. However, when a sudden rudder angle is taken at high speed, the starboard direct pressure F _R acts on the rudder before the centrifugal force F _G is generated on the hull, and a counterclockwise moment is generated around the center of gravity G. It may tilt to the side and in some cases capsize. This tendency becomes more pronounced as the direct pressure F _R acting on the rudder 3 is increased in order to reduce the turning radius, which is inconvenient for these vessels that place emphasis on high speed and turning performance.

In order to solve these conventional problems, the present invention has been developed so that the turning force acts as the sum of the direct rudder pressure, but the hull heeling moment changes depending on the product of this and the distance between the center of gravity and the point of application of the direct pressure. Focusing on this, we installed an auxiliary rudder that applies a force in the direction of reducing the heeling moment of the ship at the lower end of the rudder, which is located at a large distance from the center of gravity, and when setting the rudder angle, we set the optimal rudder angle according to the angle of heel of the ship. While generating a large turning force in a high-speed boat etc. by automatic steering,
The object of the present invention is to provide a rudder for a high-speed boat that can keep the hull tilt to a small level.

Therefore, the rudder of the high-speed boat of the present invention has a main rudder for a two-shaft, two-rudder boat that is steered by a main rudder control device, and an area below the main rudder that is smaller than the area of the main rudder. The steering control device outputs a steering signal to at least the auxiliary rudder control device based on the heel angle detected by the heel angle detection device of the main rudder, and the auxiliary rudder steered by the auxiliary rudder control device. It is characterized by being equipped with a rudder.

The apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the rudder section of the apparatus applied to the rudder of a high-speed boat as an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is the hull, 2 is the water surface, 3 is the main rudder, 4 is the propeller rotating surface, 5 is the main rudder shaft, 6 is the main rudder control device, 7 is the auxiliary rudder, 8 is the auxiliary rudder shaft, 9 is the auxiliary rudder control Device,
10 is a lateral inclination angle detection device, and 11 is a steering control device.

In this embodiment, an auxiliary rudder 7 having a considerably smaller area than the main rudder 3 is supported at the lower end of the main rudder 3 by an auxiliary rudder shaft 8 passing through the main rudder shaft 5, and this is different from the main rudder control device 6. It is steered by a separate auxiliary rudder control device 9. Further, the lateral inclination angle detection device 10 is composed of an inclinometer such as a gyro type inclinometer or a pendulum type inclinometer.

The steering control device 11 receives the output from the side heel angle detection device 10, the steering angle signal of the main rudder control device 6, and in some cases the rudder angle signal of the auxiliary rudder control device 9, and controls the auxiliary rudder 7 and Output signals are output to the auxiliary rudder control device 9 and the main rudder control device 6 for appropriately controlling the main rudder 3 independently.

In this embodiment as well, the direct force F _R1 acting on the main rudder 3 during a turn causes the hull to tilt to the port side when turning to the left. When the rudder angle is turned to the opposite side, the auxiliary rudder 7
The direct pressure F _R2 acting on the main rudder 3 is in the opposite direction to the direct pressure F _R1 acting on the main rudder 3, which can reduce the inclination of the hull to the port side.

Now, if we consider the state when the hull 1 is turning from a straight-ahead state by steering, at the beginning of the turn, the centrifugal force F _G is small and therefore does not contribute to the heeling, but the heeling moment M _{G around the center of gravity G} and the turning force The direct rudder pressure F _R1 that contributes to is M _G = 2 {l ₁ F _R1 − (l ₁ + l ₂ ) F _R2 } F _R = 2 (F _R1 − F _R2 ).

If a conventional type rudder is installed that generates the same direct force as F _R above at the point of direct force application of the main rudder 3 without the auxiliary rudder 7, the heeling moment M' _G around the center of gravity is 2l ₁ F It becomes _R. Therefore, when generating the same straight rudder pressure F _R , the difference △H _G between the heeling moment with the auxiliary rudder 3 and the heeling moment with the conventional type is: △M _G = M _G −M′ _G = 2l ₂ F _R2 , and compared to the conventional type, it is possible to reduce the tilting moment without reducing the turning force.

Next, when the hull 1 enters a turning motion, the centrifugal force F _G
becomes larger, so generally the center of gravity G is at the water surface 2
For ships located higher up, for a left turn, F _G
generates a heeling moment to starboard, which offsets the heeling moment of F _R1 . Therefore, even if the main rudder 3 is turning with a constant rudder angle, if the auxiliary rudder 7 is left at the initial stage of turning, that is, at the opposite rudder angle to the main rudder 3, the difference due to F _R2 tilting moment and
The sum of the heeling moments due to F _G overcomes the heeling moment due to F _R1 , causing the ship to heel to starboard, and in some cases, the heel angle becomes excessive and can be dangerous.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the lateral inclination angle detection device 10
detects the heel angle of the hull 1, and transmits the detected signal and the rudder angle signal of the main rudder controller 6, and in some cases the rudder angle signal of the auxiliary rudder controller 9 to the steering controller 1.
and perform the following steering.

(1) If the hull heel angle is within a preset safe heel angle range, the auxiliary rudder 7 is controlled at the same rudder angle as the main rudder 3 and assists the turning force.

(2) When the hull heel angle exceeds the safe heel angle, the rudder angle of the auxiliary rudder 7 is set so as to generate F _R2 in the direction that reduces the hull heel angle, regardless of the rudder angle of the main rudder 3. The output signal is input to the auxiliary rudder control device 9 to control the auxiliary rudder.

(3) When the hull heel angle increases and reaches a dangerous heel angle, the rudder angle of the main rudder 3 is changed and an output signal is input to the main rudder control device 6 to reduce the hull heel angle. Control the rudder.

By performing the above-described steering control, it is possible to prevent the hull from becoming excessively heeled due to sudden steering, thereby preventing capsizing and the like, thereby enabling safe vessel maneuvering.

As described in detail above, the rudder of the high-speed boat of the present invention includes a main rudder of a two-shaft, two-rudder boat steered by a main rudder control device as set forth in the claims, and an area below the main rudder. The steering control device outputs a steering signal to at least the auxiliary rudder control device based on the heel angle detected by the heel angle detection device inside the hull and the rudder angle of the main rudder, and It is characterized by being equipped with an auxiliary rudder that is steered by an auxiliary rudder control device, and is used in high-speed boats to reduce the turning radius of the hull, and to prevent the heel angle of the hull from becoming excessive due to sudden steering for high-speed turns. This has the effect of ensuring navigation safety by preventing accidents such as capsizing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rudder section of a conventional two-shaft, two-rudder high-speed boat seen from the rear. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rudder section of a two-shaft, two-rudder high-speed boat equipped with an embodiment of the steering device of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Hull, 2... Water surface, 3... Main rudder, 4... Propeller rotating surface, 5... Main rudder shaft, 6... Main rudder control device, 7...
Auxiliary rudder, 8... Auxiliary rudder shaft, 9... Auxiliary rudder control device,
10... Lateral inclination angle detection device, 11... Steering control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The main rudder of a two-axle, two-rudder ship that is steered by a main rudder control device, and has an area below the main rudder that is smaller than the area of the main rudder, and is detected by a heel angle detection device inside the hull. A steering control device outputs a rudder signal based on the heel angle and the rudder angle of the main rudder to at least an auxiliary rudder control device, and the auxiliary rudder is steered by the auxiliary rudder control device. The rudder of a high-speed boat.