JPS633955B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS633955B2 JPS633955B2 JP54138462A JP13846279A JPS633955B2 JP S633955 B2 JPS633955 B2 JP S633955B2 JP 54138462 A JP54138462 A JP 54138462A JP 13846279 A JP13846279 A JP 13846279A JP S633955 B2 JPS633955 B2 JP S633955B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- chemical reaction
- negative electrode
- water
- electrolytic cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910019440 Mg(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 metal magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は水の化学反応による分解と、水の電気
分解とを同時に行なう事を特徴とした水素発生装
置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydrogen generator characterized in that water is decomposed by a chemical reaction and water is electrolyzed simultaneously.
従来の水素発生装置としては、水を収容した電
解槽内に１対の電極を対設して、水中に電流を流
す事により得られる水の電気分解で水素を発生す
る様に構成したものが知られている。 A conventional hydrogen generator is one in which a pair of electrodes are placed opposite each other in an electrolytic tank containing water, and hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of the water obtained by passing an electric current through the water. Are known.
しかしながら、この様な装置では水素の発生量
が少なく、大電流を流さないと所要の水素量が得
られないと云う問題がある。 However, such a device has a problem in that the amount of hydrogen generated is small and the required amount of hydrogen cannot be obtained unless a large current is passed.
本発明では、水の電気分解によつて発生する水
素と、水の化学反応によつて発生する水素とを同
時に得る事の出来る水素発生装置を提供し、これ
によつて前記問題を解決せんとするものである。
以下本発明装置を第１図について説明すると、図
中１は電解槽で、内部に水２を収容している。上
記電解槽１には電源３が設けており、この電源の
正負両極は夫々１対の電解用電極４，５に各別に
接続されている。 The present invention aims to solve the above problem by providing a hydrogen generator that can simultaneously obtain hydrogen generated by electrolysis of water and hydrogen generated by chemical reaction of water. It is something to do.
The apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an electrolytic cell, which contains water 2. The electrolytic cell 1 is provided with a power source 3, and both positive and negative poles of this power source are connected to a pair of electrolytic electrodes 4, 5, respectively.
上記１対の電極中上記電源の負極に接続された
負側電極５はその１部又は全部を多孔体で作られ
ており、第１図に示す実施例では負側電極５は黒
鉛で作られた電極本体５１と、この電極本体５１
と電気的に接続された多数の導電性多孔質体５２
とで構成されており、この導電性多孔質体５２と
しては、例えば活性炭が使われている。 Among the pair of electrodes, the negative electrode 5 connected to the negative electrode of the power source is partially or entirely made of a porous material, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the negative electrode 5 is made of graphite. This electrode body 51
A large number of conductive porous bodies 52 electrically connected to
The conductive porous body 52 is made of, for example, activated carbon.
上記電解槽１内には絶縁性材料で作られた多孔
板が隔壁６として設けてあり、この隔壁６によつ
て負側電極５の多孔質体５２が正側電極４と充分
に隔離されている。 A porous plate made of an insulating material is provided as a partition wall 6 in the electrolytic cell 1, and the porous body 52 of the negative electrode 5 is sufficiently isolated from the positive electrode 4 by the partition wall 6. There is.
上記負側電極５の多孔体部分、即ち第１図に示
す実施例では多孔質体５２の表面には化学反応層
が形成されており、この化学反応層は水２と反応
して水素を発生すると共に、水素発生によつて水
酸化物を生成する物質で作られている。 A chemical reaction layer is formed on the surface of the porous body portion of the negative electrode 5, that is, the porous body 52 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and this chemical reaction layer reacts with water 2 to generate hydrogen. At the same time, it is made of a substance that generates hydroxide through hydrogen generation.
この様な物質としてはイオン化傾向が水素より
大きい金属例えば金属マグネシウムがよく知られ
ている。 As such a substance, a metal whose ionization tendency is greater than that of hydrogen, such as metal magnesium, is well known.
本発明装置はこの様なものであるから、今電源
３から１対の電極４，５間に電流を流すと、この
電流によつて電解槽１内の水は電気分解され、負
側電極５からは水素が発生する。 Since the device of the present invention is as described above, when a current is passed from the power source 3 between the pair of electrodes 4 and 5, the water in the electrolytic cell 1 is electrolyzed by this current, and the negative electrode 5 Hydrogen is generated from
この水素は電極本体５１と多孔質体５２とから
同時に発生し、特に多孔質体５２は多孔性のため
に接触面積が大であるから多量の水素を発生し、
この水素の１部は効率よく化学反応層に接して該
層を形成する物質と化学反応を起す。 This hydrogen is generated simultaneously from the electrode body 51 and the porous body 52, and in particular, since the porous body 52 has a large contact area due to its porosity, a large amount of hydrogen is generated.
A portion of this hydrogen efficiently contacts the chemical reaction layer and causes a chemical reaction with the substance forming the layer.
ここで、上記化学反応層は水と接する事によ
り、化学反応を起して水素を発生するが、この化
学反応によつて水酸化物を生成し、この水酸化物
は化学反応層の表面を覆つて化学反応層が水と化
学反応するのを阻害する。 Here, when the chemical reaction layer comes into contact with water, it causes a chemical reaction and generates hydrogen, but this chemical reaction generates hydroxide, and this hydroxide covers the surface of the chemical reaction layer. Cover to prevent the chemical reaction layer from chemically reacting with water.
従つて化学反応層は、水と接して水素を発生し
ても短期間に反応が停止されて水素の発生は失わ
れる事になる。 Therefore, even if the chemical reaction layer comes into contact with water and generates hydrogen, the reaction is stopped in a short period of time and the generation of hydrogen is lost.
今この化学反応層を金属マグネシウムで作つた
とすると、金属マグネシウムには下記反応式(1)の
如く水と反応して水素を発生すると共に水酸化マ
グネシウムとなつて反応の進行を停止する。 Assuming that this chemical reaction layer is made of metallic magnesium, metallic magnesium reacts with water as shown in reaction formula (1) below to generate hydrogen and turns into magnesium hydroxide, stopping the reaction.
Mg＋2H2O→Mg（OH）2＋H2
次にこの状態において、電極４，５間に電流を
流すと負側電極５からは水素が発生し、特に多孔
質体５２から発生する水素は直接その表面に形成
された化学反応層と接して下記反応式(2)のように
化学反応を起す。 Mg + 2H 2 O→Mg(OH) 2 +H 2 Next, in this state, when a current is passed between the electrodes 4 and 5, hydrogen is generated from the negative electrode 5, and in particular, the hydrogen generated from the porous body 52 is directly When it comes into contact with the chemical reaction layer formed on the surface, a chemical reaction occurs as shown in reaction formula (2) below.
Mg（OH）2＋H2→Mg＋2H2O
従つて化学反応層は再度水と接して、上記反応
式(1)の如く水素を発生させるから、電解期間中を
通じて化学反応層から化学反応により発生する水
素が得られる。 Mg(OH) 2 +H 2 →Mg+2H 2 O Therefore, the chemical reaction layer comes into contact with water again and generates hydrogen as shown in reaction formula (1) above, so hydrogen is generated from the chemical reaction layer throughout the electrolysis period. Hydrogen is obtained.
即ち本発明装置においては、化学反応層から化
学反応によつて発生する水素と、負側電極５全体
から電気分解によつて発生する水素とが同時に得
られる事になる。 That is, in the device of the present invention, hydrogen generated by chemical reaction from the chemical reaction layer and hydrogen generated by electrolysis from the entire negative electrode 5 can be obtained at the same time.
以上の処において、本発明装置は第２図に示す
如く、上記１対の電極４，５のうち一方の電極例
えば負側電極５を上記電解槽１の周壁に沿つて配
置すると共に他方の正側電極４を上記電解槽１の
中央に配置し、且つ上記正側電極４の周囲へ円筒
状に成形された多孔板の隔壁６を配設した構成で
あつても良く、この様に構成すれば上記多孔質体
５２と上記電極本体５１との接触面積が増大する
から、負側電極５全体の導電性が良いという利点
がある。 In the above, as shown in FIG. 2, in the device of the present invention, one of the pair of electrodes 4 and 5, for example, the negative electrode 5, is arranged along the peripheral wall of the electrolytic cell 1, and the other electrode The side electrode 4 may be arranged in the center of the electrolytic cell 1, and a partition wall 6 made of a cylindrical porous plate may be arranged around the positive side electrode 4. For example, since the contact area between the porous body 52 and the electrode main body 51 increases, there is an advantage that the conductivity of the entire negative electrode 5 is good.
而して上記多孔質体５２へ金属マグネシウムを
付着するには塩化マグネシウムの水溶液に上記多
孔質体として用いる活性炭を浸漬し、次にこの活
性炭を乾燥して非酸化性雰囲気の下で加熱し、こ
れによつて塩素のみを活性炭の表面から離脱する
と共にその表面へ金属マグネシウムを残存せしめ
れば良い。 To attach metallic magnesium to the porous body 52, activated carbon used as the porous body is immersed in an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, and then this activated carbon is dried and heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. As a result, only chlorine is removed from the surface of the activated carbon, and metallic magnesium remains on the surface.
以上の処において、上記負側電極の１部を構成
する導電性多孔質体は活性炭の他酸化アルミニウ
ム等の他の物質を用いても良い。 In the above, the conductive porous body constituting a part of the negative electrode may be made of activated carbon or other materials such as aluminum oxide.
そして又上記負側電極５は、実施例の如く、電
極本体５１と多孔質体５２とによる複合構成であ
る必要はなく、例えば導電性材料で作られた１枚
の原板の１部又は全部を多孔面に形成して構成し
ても良い。 Furthermore, the negative electrode 5 does not need to have a composite structure consisting of the electrode body 51 and the porous body 52 as in the embodiment, but may be formed by using a part or all of a single original plate made of a conductive material, for example. It may be formed on a porous surface.
本発明装置は、この様に電気分解による水素発
生作用と、化学反応による水素発生作用とを同時
に得る事が出来るから、安価に大量の水素を製造
する事が出来ると云う効果がある。 Since the apparatus of the present invention can simultaneously obtain the hydrogen generation effect by electrolysis and the hydrogen generation effect by chemical reaction, it has the effect of being able to produce a large amount of hydrogen at low cost.
而してこの場合には上記隔壁６は不要となる。 In this case, the partition wall 6 becomes unnecessary.
第１図は本発明装置の略解縦断側面図、第２図
は本発明装置の他の実施例を示す略解縦断側面図
である。
図中１は電解槽、２は水、３は電源、４は正側
電極、５は負側電極、５１は電極本体、５２は多
孔質体を示す。
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional side view of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional side view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an electrolytic cell, 2 is water, 3 is a power source, 4 is a positive electrode, 5 is a negative electrode, 51 is an electrode body, and 52 is a porous body.
Claims (1)
間隔を隔てて対設された１対の電極と、上記１対
の電極間に接続された電源とを有し、上記１対の
電極の内、電源の負極に接続された負側電極は、
その１部又は全部を多孔体で作ると共に、表面に
は水素と化学反応を起して水素を発生させると共
に水素の発生によつて水酸化物を生成する物質で
形成した化学反応層を有する構成とした事を特徴
とする水素の発生装置。1. An electrolytic cell containing water, a pair of electrodes placed opposite each other at a predetermined distance in the electrolytic cell, and a power source connected between the pair of electrodes. The negative electrode connected to the negative electrode of the power supply is
A structure in which part or all of the material is made of a porous material, and the surface has a chemically reactive layer formed of a substance that causes a chemical reaction with hydrogen to generate hydrogen and generates hydroxide by the generation of hydrogen. A hydrogen generator characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13846279A JPS5662975A (en) | 1979-10-25 | 1979-10-25 | Generating method of hydrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13846279A JPS5662975A (en) | 1979-10-25 | 1979-10-25 | Generating method of hydrogen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5662975A JPS5662975A (en) | 1981-05-29 |
| JPS633955B2 true JPS633955B2 (en) | 1988-01-26 |
Family
ID=15222583
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13846279A Granted JPS5662975A (en) | 1979-10-25 | 1979-10-25 | Generating method of hydrogen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5662975A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-10-25 JP JP13846279A patent/JPS5662975A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5662975A (en) | 1981-05-29 |
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