JPS6339844B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a track level for measuring the level and cant of a railway track.

A water level track level 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a track level that has been widely used in the past for maintenance work on railroad tracks. This water level type track level 1 includes a level main body 4 having contact parts 2 and 3 at both ends that contact the upper surfaces of the heads of the left and right rails of the track,
It consists of a level 5 provided on the top surface of the level body 4, and the contact parts 2 and 3 of the level body 4 are brought into contact with the top surfaces of the heads of the left and right rails of the track, when viewed from the direction of the arrow in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, which is an enlarged view, the position of the surface 7 of the liquid column 6 in the U-shaped pipe of the spirit level 5 is
The level and cant of the track are measured by reading from the scale 8 provided on the spirit level 5. However, in this water level type level 1, the surface 7 of the liquid column 6 in the U-shaped pipe of the level 5 is pulled up along the inner surface of the U-shaped pipe due to surface tension, so the position of the surface 7 of the liquid column 6 is is unclear, making it difficult to read the correct surface position from the scale 8, and the scale is small.
Since there is no lighting device, it is difficult to read the scale 8 in a dark place, and it also depends on the position of the worker's eyes.
Errors may occur in reading the position of the surface 7, and changes in the volume of liquid in the U-shaped tube of the spirit level 5 due to changes in outside air temperature, the influence of external disturbances such as vibrations from trains passing on adjacent tracks, and cant. Since the zero point cannot be adjusted in this section, measurement errors increase and measurement accuracy decreases, and it takes a long time for the liquid column in the level 5 to stabilize. In addition, the water level type track level 1 can measure the cant when the level 5 side is positioned above the top of the rail head of the higher one of the left and right rails of the track, that is, the positive cant. Cant when the side is located above the head of the lower rail, that is, negative cant, cannot be measured, so in the cant section, a level 5 is placed on the higher rail side of the left and right rails of the track.
The cant must be measured so that the Therefore, when measuring the cant of the inner track on a double-track track, the measurement must be made between both tracks, which requires constant attention to trains passing on the outer track, reducing work efficiency and safety. There was a drawback of doing so. In addition, in order to read the scale 8 of the spirit level 5, the worker must bend his or her upper body and look down, which causes great fatigue for the worker. When measuring the level and cant of the trajectory by inserting the instrument 1, there was a drawback that it was difficult to measure because it was obstructed by the structure of the multiple titan tamper near the measurement position. Another disadvantage was that the liquid column in the U-shaped tube of the spirit level 5 broke, making it impossible to use it as a spirit level.

In addition, a bubble-type track level (not shown) is also used, but this is a water-level type track level, except that a bubble tube is used instead of the U-shaped tube of the level in the water level type track level described above. It has roughly the same configuration as a track level,
A bubble is placed in the liquid sealed in the bubble tube of the level, and the center position of the bubble is determined when the contact parts at both ends of the bubble level for track are brought into contact with the upper surfaces of the heads of the left and right rails of the track. It measures the level and cant of the track by reading from the scale provided on the spirit level.
It has almost the same drawbacks as the water level track level 1 described above.

The present invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the level and cant of the track can be measured electrically by level detectors attached to level detection bars that contact the top surfaces of the left and right rails of the track. The output of this level detector and the output of a zero point adjuster that adjusts the zero point of the track level are input to a differential amplifier with a low-pass filter, and the output of the level detector is detected and output as an analog value. High frequency components caused by disturbances such as vibrations are removed from the output, the difference between the two is amplified and output, and the analog quantity of the output of this differential amplifier is converted into a digital quantity by an AD converter with a decoder, and this digital quantity is The level detection bar is displayed on a liquid crystal display in a display box connected by a connecting cable, and the liquid crystal display is illuminated by an illumination light, thereby eliminating the drawbacks of the conventional track level. The voltage stabilized within the AD converter is used as a stabilized power supply to supply the level detector, and by providing a lighting control device, the lighting is controlled according to the surrounding brightness, and the power source is controlled. By reducing battery consumption and greatly extending the life of the battery, the forward voltage drop that occurs when forward current flows through the diode is added to the positive voltage fixed constant by the AD converter. expanding the operating range of the differential amplifier by expanding the operating range of the differential amplifier;
A power supply voltage drop detection device is installed to display when the power supply voltage falls below a specified voltage, resulting in a compact, low-cost, less frequent battery replacement, high accuracy, and stable display trajectory. It provides a level for use.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a track level according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the indicator box shown in FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the electrical control system of FIG. 3.

A track level 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 includes a level detection bar 10 and an indicator box 1.
It consists of 1.

The level detection bar 10 has contact portions 14 and 15 having bottom plates 12 and 13 attached to both ends thereof, which contact the left and right rails of the track, respectively, and these contact portions 14 and 15, respectively.
Inspection bar 1 consisting of a grip part 16 connecting 15
7, a level detector 18 attached to the contact portion 14 of this inspection bar 17 to detect the level and cant of the track as electrical analog quantities; and a level detector 18 attached to the contact portion 14 of the detection bar 17. 18 and a connected receptacle 19.
The level detector 18 uses a commercially available tilt angle detector that detects the displacement of a pendulum immersed in damper oil from a vertical position with respect to a horizontal plane by converting it into voltage using a magnetoresistive element or a differential transformer. It's okay.

The display box 11 includes level detector output correction resistors 20 and 21 that correct the output of the level detector 18, and a zero point adjuster 22 that adjusts the zero point of the track level 9.
Then, the output of the level detector 18 and the output of the zero point adjuster 22 are input, the difference between them is amplified, and the high frequency components due to disturbances such as vibrations contained in the output of the level detector 18 are removed, and the liquid crystal display is The amplifier 23 has a low pass filter to improve the stability of the amplifier 23.
a, a differential amplifier 23 consisting of resistors 23b, 23c, 23d, 23e and a capacitor 23f, and an output regulator that adjusts the output of the differential amplifier 23 so that the liquid crystal display 26 displays the correct trajectory level and cant; 24, an AD converter 25 having a decoder that inputs the output of this output regulator 24 and outputs a drive signal to the liquid crystal display 26, and this AD
The drive signal from the converter 25 is input, and the level and cant of the orbit are digitally displayed. A positive voltage expansion diode 27 that expands the voltage by adding a forward voltage drop to the positive voltage of the AD converter 25, an indicator illumination lamp 28 that illuminates the liquid crystal display 26, and detects the surrounding brightness. Photo sensor 29 that converts changes in light intensity into electrical signals
and an illumination light control device 30 which inputs the output of this photo sensor 29 and turns on the display illumination light 28 when the surroundings become dark and the display on the liquid crystal display 26 becomes unreadable, a battery 31 and a measurement switch 32. A voltage drop detection device 33 monitors the voltage of the battery 31 each time the measurement switch 32 is turned on, and outputs a voltage drop signal BL to the liquid crystal display 26 when the battery voltage falls below a specified voltage.
and a receptacle 19 for the level detection bar 10 at one end.
Connection cable 3 with plug 34 attached to connect with
It consists of 5. Note that the AD converter 25 consists of an AD converter main body 25a and a reference voltage setter 25b.
A voltage stabilized by a voltage stabilizing circuit in the AD converter main body 25a is applied to the AD converter main body 25a. This stabilized voltage is used as a power source for the zero point adjustment circuit of the track level 9, which is comprised of the level detector 18, level detector output correction resistors 20, 21, and zero point adjuster 22. The + side of the battery 31 is connected to one of the contacts of the measurement switch 32,
The other contact of the measurement switch 32 is connected to the voltage drop detection device 33, the lighting control device 30, and the indicator lighting 2.
8 and the differential amplifier 25 are connected to the anode side of the positive voltage expansion diode 27, and the anode side of the positive voltage expansion diode 27 is connected to the positive side of the positive voltage expansion diode 27.
Connected to the + side of the AD converter 25. Further, the negative side of the battery 31 includes a voltage drop detection device 33, a lighting control device 30, and an AD converter 25.
and each negative side of the differential amplifier 23.

Next, the operation of the track level 9 having the above configuration will be explained.

First, connect the plug 34 of the connection cable 35 of the display box 11 to the receptacle 19 of the level detection bar 10.
to perform the initial zero point adjustment of the track level 9. That is, the level detector 18 of the level detection bar 10
When the level is set to zero and the measurement switch 32 is turned on, the output of the level detector 18 is inputted to one input section of the differential amplifier 23. At this time, the slider of the zero point adjuster 22 is set approximately at the center of the adjustment range of the zero point adjuster 22. The output of the zero point adjuster 22 is input to the other input section of the differential amplifier 23. In this state, the level detector output correction resistors 20 and 21 are adjusted so that the output of the differential amplifier 23 becomes approximately zero volts. As described above, the track level 9, which has undergone the initial zero point adjustment, is first tilted to a predetermined cant, and the output regulator 24 is adjusted so that the liquid crystal display 26 displays the predetermined cant, and the cant calibration is performed. Do the following. Next, the grip part 1
6, level detection bar 10, detection side bar 17
Place the bottom plates 12, 13 of the contact parts 14, 15 in contact with the upper surfaces of the heads of the left and right rails of the track whose level and cant are to be measured at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the rails, and turn on the measurement switch 32. The voltage of the battery 31 is determined by a voltage drop detection device 33,
It is applied to the illumination light control device 30, the indicator illumination light 28, the differential amplifier 23, and the positive voltage expansion diode 27 of the differential amplifier 23, and the battery 31 is applied to the AD converter 25 via the positive voltage expansion diode 27. A voltage is applied by. Therefore, the level detector 18 converts the level and cant of the trajectory into an electrical analog quantity, for example, a voltage, and outputs the converted value, and the output is input to the differential amplifier 23. The differential amplifier 23 uses the input from the level detector 18 to detect high-frequency components caused by disturbances such as vibrations caused by impact when the level detection bar 10 is placed on the upper surface of the rail head, and vibrations caused by a train passing on an adjacent track. Remove and zero point adjuster 22
The difference between the inputs is amplified and outputted to the AD converter 25 via the output regulator 24. The AD converter 25 is a differential amplifier 2
3 converts the analog quantity input into a digital quantity, decodes it internally, and outputs it to the liquid crystal display 26. The liquid crystal display 26 inputs the output of the AD converter 25 and digitally displays the level and positive/negative cant of the position to be measured on the trajectory.
On the other hand, the illumination light control device 30 includes a photo sensor 29
If the measurement location is so dark that it is difficult to read the numbers on the liquid crystal display 26, turn on the display illumination light 28 so that the measurement location is bright enough to easily read the numbers on the liquid crystal display 26. If so, the indicator illumination light 28 is turned off. Further, the voltage drop detection device 33 monitors the voltage of the battery 31 every time the measurement switch 32 is turned on, and outputs a voltage drop signal BL to the liquid crystal display 26 when the voltage of the battery 31 falls below a specified voltage. do.
The liquid crystal display 26 is detected by the voltage drop detection device 33.
When the voltage drop signal BL is input, a voltage drop symbol is displayed on the internal voltage drop display section 26a.
Notify that the voltage of the battery 31 has fallen below the specified voltage. Therefore, the operator must use the track level 9.
Grip the grip part 16 of the inspection bar 17 and bring the bottom plates 12, 13 of the contact parts 14, 15 into contact with the upper surfaces of the heads of the left and right rails of the track, and display on the liquid crystal display 26 of the display box 11. By simply reading the numerical values, the level and positive/negative cant of the trajectory at that position can be measured. In addition, when adjusting the zero point in the cant section, the bottom plates 12, 13 of the contact parts 14, 15 are brought into contact with the upper surfaces of the rail heads on the left and right sides of the track, and the value displayed on the liquid crystal display 26 (for example, 8mm ), then at the same position, reverse the contact between the bottom plates 12 and 13 (with respect to the left and right rails) and press the value displayed on the liquid crystal display 26 at that time (e.g. -2 mm).
Calculate [8-(-2)]/2=5 from the above, and then bring the bottom plates 12 and 13 into contact with the upper surface of the rail head again in the same position as above, and the + displayed on the liquid crystal display 26.
The zero points in the cant section can be easily adjusted by using the zero point adjuster so that the - values become 5 mm.

In the above embodiments, a battery is used as the power source, but an external AC power source may be converted to DC using a rectifier. Further, the level detector 18 is connected to the contact portion 1 of the measuring bar 17.
In addition, the display box 11 is composed of a liquid crystal display 26, a display illumination light 28, a light control device 30, and a connection cable 35, and the other components include the level detector 18, Level detection bar 10
It may be attached to the contact portion 14 or 15 of the inspection bar 17.

As described above, the track level of the present invention comprises a level detection bar and a display box connected by a connecting cable, and the level detector of the level detection bar electrically detects the track level and positive and negative cant. The level detector is detected and output as an analog quantity, and the output of this level detector and the output of a zero point adjuster for adjusting the zero point of the track level are inputted to a differential amplifier having a low-pass filter, and the level detector From the output of A digital display is displayed on the liquid crystal display of the box, and this liquid crystal display is illuminated by controlling the display light according to the surrounding brightness using a lighting control device, so that even in a dark place, the numerical value displayed on the liquid crystal display is displayed. can be easily read.

Therefore, the track level of the present invention does not use a liquid column or bubbles like the conventional water level type or bubble type track level, but can digitally display the level of the track and the positive and negative cant. Since the display is displayed on a liquid crystal display that is illuminated by a lighting lamp that is controlled according to the brightness of the screen, the numerical value displayed on the liquid crystal display can be easily read even in a dark place. It is possible to eliminate reading errors by the operator. In addition, it is possible to eliminate measurement errors caused by changes in outside temperature and the effects of external disturbances such as vibration.
Since the zero point can be easily adjusted in the cant section,
Measurement errors can be minimized and measurement accuracy can be improved. In addition, it is only necessary to read the digital display on the liquid crystal display, and there is no need to wait until the liquid column or bubbles in the spirit level stabilize as in the conventional method, so the measurement time can be shortened. In addition, since the track level of the present invention can detect positive and negative cants, when measuring the cant of the inner track in a cant section of a double-track track, it is possible to detect a train passing on the outer track between both tracks as in the past. There is no need to be careful when measuring, and you can measure inside the medial line, improving work efficiency and safety. Further, the track level according to the present invention includes a level detection bar that is brought into contact with the upper surface of the head of the left and right rails of the track to detect the level and cant of the track, and a display that has a liquid crystal display that displays the detection results. The instrument box is connected by a connection cable and the display box can be moved arbitrarily, so there is no need for the worker to bend his or her upper body to read the numbers displayed on the LCD display box. fatigue is significantly reduced. Additionally, when measuring the level and cant of the track below the multiple tie tamper truck, simply insert the level detection bar below the multiple tie tamper truck and place it on the top of the rail head.
Since it is only necessary to read the numerical value displayed on the liquid crystal display in the display box, measurements can be easily made without being obstructed by the structure of the multiple titan tamper near the measurement position. Furthermore, since the track level of the present invention does not use a liquid column or bubbles, there is no necessity for liquid column breakage or bubble breakage. Therefore, the track level of the present invention can eliminate most of the drawbacks of conventional water level or bubble type track levels, and can always accurately and quickly measure the track level and positive and negative cant. It is effective. Furthermore, the track level of the present invention does not require a special power supply stabilization circuit by using the voltage stabilized within the AD converter as the power supply for the level detector that requires stabilization. It is possible to reduce the size, weight, and cost of the track level. In addition, by installing a lighting control device, if the area where the track level is used is bright and the numbers displayed on the LCD display can be easily read, the lighting will be turned off, reducing battery consumption. , its service life can be greatly extended. In addition, by adding the forward voltage drop that occurs when forward current flows through the diode to the positive voltage that is fixed at a constant voltage in the AD converter, and expanding the positive voltage of the differential amplifier,
The operating range of the differential amplifier can be expanded. In addition, the voltage drop detection device generates a voltage drop signal when the battery voltage falls below the specified voltage.
Since BL is output to the liquid crystal display and a voltage drop symbol is displayed on the voltage drop display section of the liquid crystal display, it is possible to predict when it is time to replace the battery. From the above, the track level of the present invention further requires less battery replacement, has high accuracy,
This has effects such as being able to obtain stable display.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional track level, Fig. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the indicator shown in Fig. 3. FIG. 5, an enlarged front view of the box, is a block diagram of the electrical control system of FIG. 9... Track level, 10... Level detection bar, 11
...Display box, 12, 13...Bottom plate, 14, 15...Contact part, 16...Gripping part, 17...Measuring bar, 18...Level detector, 19...Receptacle, 20, 21...Level detector output correction resistor , 22...Zero point adjuster, 2
3...Differential amplifier, 24...Output regulator, 25...AD
Converter, 26... Liquid crystal display, 27... Positive voltage expansion diode, 28... Display illumination light, 29... Photo sensor, 30... Illumination light control device, 31... Battery, 32... Measurement switch, 33... Voltage drop detection device, 34...Plug, 35...Connection cable.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inspection bar having contact parts at both ends that contact the upper surface of the rail head of the track, and a grip part that connects these contact parts, and a measuring bar that is attached to the inspection bar and measures the level of the track and the positive and negative cant. a level detection bar consisting of a level detector that electrically detects; a zero point adjustment consisting of a level detector output correction resistor that corrects the output of the level detector; and a zero point adjuster that adjusts the zero point of the track level; a differential amplifier that inputs the output of the level detector and the output of the zero point adjuster and amplifies the difference; an expansion diode that expands the positive voltage of the differential amplifier; and an output of the differential amplifier. an output regulator that divides the voltage, inputs the output of the output regulator, outputs a drive signal to a liquid crystal display,
and an AD converter that outputs the voltage stabilized by the voltage stabilizing circuit to the zero point adjustment circuit and the level detector, and inputs the output of the AD converter and digitally displays this as the level and cant of the measured trajectory. The liquid crystal display, a display illumination lamp that illuminates the liquid crystal display, a lighting control device that controls the display illumination according to ambient brightness, a power supply device, and a voltage control device for controlling the voltage of the power supply device. monitor,
A voltage drop detection device that outputs a voltage drop signal to the liquid crystal display when the voltage drops below a specified value, a measurement switch that turns on and off the power supply device, and a connection cable that connects to the level detector of the level detection bar. An indicator box consisting of: