JPS6340319B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a multiple sound source that can simultaneously produce multiple sounds corresponding to multiple keys pressed, and a single sound source that can produce only the highest or lowest sound for multiple keys pressed. An electronic musical instrument equipped with a sound source that enables the correct performance intended by the performer by changing the allocation of single notes using key press information such as the number of keys pressed and the duration of key presses during performance. It is.

Electronic musical instruments that have both multiple sound sources and single sound sources have been known for some time, and in such electronic instruments, when multiple keys are pressed at the same time, the single sound source makes the melody part stand out against the chords. There is an effect.

Conventionally, in order to achieve this effect, the highest note, which is often used in the melody section, was always assigned to a single sound source, but with this method, when a score like A in Figure 1 is played on the same keyboard, the single sound source is There was a problem in that it was pronounced like a B, making it impossible to play according to the score.

In other words, in part a of Figure 1, the A rest moves to the tied chord, and the B rest moves to the tied chord.
In the part above, due to a discrepancy in the timing of when humans release the keys, the sound moves to the last key released,
This creates a situation in which the performer does not know which note will be played.

To solve this problem, there is a method to assign the highest key only when it is pressed newly.

However, when playing single notes with this method, legato playing, which smooths the transitions between notes,
Since there are timings in which two keys are pressed at the same time, there is a problem in that the replaced note is not produced during the descending note pattern. For example, the first
If you play a tone like C in the diagram legato,
The two descending notes, such as D, become a rest.

The present invention provides an electronic musical instrument that enables legato performance in single-note performance and emphasis on the melody part in chord performance without placing a burden on the performer by providing means for detecting differences in performance methods. It is.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 and the following drawings.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a keyboard, 2 is a multi-sound source assigner that performs processing for assigning pitch name information from the keyboard to multiple sound sources, and 3 is a keyboard information output means consisting of the keyboard 1 and the multi-sound source assigner 2. . 4 is a multiple sound source that generates a plurality of sounds within a predetermined range based on the information from the multiple sound source assigner 2;
Reference numeral 5 denotes a key press number detection means for detecting key presses based on the information from the multiple tone source assigner 2, and 6 a key press number information and keyboard information output means 3 from the key press number detection means 5.
Legato detection means 7 detects whether or not the performance is legato based on information from the keyboard information output means 3;
A single sound source assigner 8 manages assignment to a single sound source based on information on the key press state from the legato detecting means 6 and the single sound source assigner 8, which has one sound source channel, and is connected to the single sound source assigner 7 and the single sound source. 8 constitutes a single sound source block 9.

In the above configuration, when the keyboard 1 is pressed, pitch name information corresponding to the pressed key is output. This pitch name information is subjected to processing such as code conversion and note number restriction in the multiple tone source assigner 2 in order to be assigned to the multiple tone source 4 having a plurality of pronunciation channels. On the other hand, the note name information of the pressed key from the multiple tone source assigner 2 is passed to the single tone source assigner 7. The single sound source assigner 7 selects only one note from this note name information and assigns it to the single sound source 8. At this time, the single sound source assigner 7 selects only one note from this note name information and assigns it to the single sound source 8. It is determined based on the legato information from the means 6 and an assignment suitable for the performance method is automatically performed.

If we look at the relationship between the playing style and the number of keys pressed, it can be classified as shown in Figure 3.

In other words, in the case of a single note performance, the number of keys pressed is usually one, but in the legato playing style, in which a note is played smoothly between notes, there are times when two keys are pressed at the same time at a change in note. However, it is rare for more than three keys to be pressed at the same time.

On the other hand, when playing a chord, two, three, or more keys are pressed, but depending on the timing of the key release, there are times when only one key remains and is released.

Therefore, when three or more keys are pressed, the chord performance mode is set, and once the chord performance mode is designated, the chord performance mode is maintained until no keys are pressed. Also 2
Even when a key is pressed, in a configuration in which the legato detection means 6 is provided as shown in Fig. 2, the operating procedure is performed using an algorithm that selects one of the performance modes depending on the length of time that two keys are pressed at the same time. Figure 4 shows this.

The operation shown in FIG. 2 will be explained with reference to FIG.
Keyboard information from the keyboard information input means 3 is input, and four types of processing are performed depending on the number of pressed keys.

At this time, the legato detecting means 6
By using a counter and managing time with this legato counter, it is determined that when the legato counter is 0, it is a chord performance, and when it is not 0, it is determined that a legato performance is being performed.

The operation will be explained below.

When no key is pressed, the operation (initialize (steps 0-1)) of giving a predetermined value (for example 10) to the legato counter is repeated, and for the single sound source 8, the signal is assigned to the OFF state (step 1). Perform 0-2).

In the case of a single note performance, when one key is pressed, the value of the legato counter is determined (step 1-1), and if it is not 0, the legato counter is initialized (step 1-2) repeatedly, and the highest note is assigned (step 1-1). 1-3) Just do it.

However, when two notes are pressed, the value of the legato counter is determined (step 2-1), and if it is not 0, the legato counter is subtracted (incremented) (step 2-2), and the initialized data is The legato counter is then incremented, and chord performance mode processing is performed. However, if the value of the legato counter is determined to be 0 in step 2-1, incrementing is stopped.
Processes chord performance mode. Here, one of the two keys must be pressed before the legato counter reaches 0.
When the key is released and one key is pressed, it is determined in step 1-1 that the value of the legato counter is not 0, the legato counter is initialized, and a single note performance is assigned.

Next, when playing a chord, if three or more keys are pressed, the legato counter is unconditionally set to 0 and the chord playing mode is set (step 3-1). Even if the number of pressed keys decreases in this state, the legato counter is 0, so the chord performance mode processing is repeated.

In the chord performance mode, the previously assigned note is compared with the current information from the keyboard information input means 3 (steps 2-3, 2-4), and if there is no note that is the same or higher than the previously assigned note, , single sound source 8
Assign the signal to the OFF state (Step 2-
5), and if there is a note that is the same or higher than the previously assigned note, assign the highest note (Step 2).
-6).

Next, the operation of the above configuration during actual performance will be explained.

When you want to play a musical score like the one shown in Figure 1A, with the melody section highlighted against the chords, the number of keys pressed is three or more, so 0 is entered in the legato counter in step 2-1, and the chord performance mode is set. Then, in step 2-3, it is determined that there is a high melody part with respect to the chord, and in step 2-6, a single sound source is assigned to the melody part. Also, even if there is a discrepancy in the timing at which humans release the keys, Step 2-
In step 3 and 2-4, it is determined that there is no sound that is the same or higher than the previously assigned sound, so the single sound source is assigned OFF, and there is no situation where you do not know which sound will be played. Also, when you want to play a musical score like that shown in Figure 11C with legato effect, the legato counter is initialized in steps 0-1 because no keys are pressed at first, and then only one key is pressed and the steps are repeated. At 1-1, the legato counter value is 0.
If it is determined that it is not, the process goes through step 1-2 and then in step 1-3, the highest note, that is, the key being depressed, is assigned to a single tone source. Next, during legato performance, a momentary transition occurs from one key being pressed to two keys being pressed at the same time, but at this time the value of the initialized legato counter changes from step 2 to step 2.
If it is 1, it is determined that it is not 0, it is incremented in step 2-2, and then the chord playing mode is entered.If the note is the same as or higher than the previously assigned note in steps 2-3 and 2-4, the highest note is played in step 2-6. is assigned. and at the next moment (while the value of the legato counter is not incremented to 0) 2
When the state changes from the state where keys are pressed simultaneously to the state where only one key is pressed, it is determined in step 1-1 that the value of the legato counter is not 0, the legato counter is initialized in step 1-2, and the value of the legato counter is initialized in step 1-2.
3 assigns the highest note, that is, the key that is being pressed. Therefore, unlike in the conventional example in which only the highest note is always assigned to a single sound source, the performance state shown in FIG. 1D does not occur, and musical scores as shown in FIG.

In addition, if two keys are pressed at the same time and the value of the legato counter is incremented to 0, then one key is released and only one key is pressed, the legato counter is incremented in step 1-1. It is determined that the value of is 0, that is, it is determined that it is a chord performance,
Processes chord performance mode.

Note that if you set it so that the two-key case is not considered as a chord performance, you can omit the legato counter increment process, that is, omit the legato detection means, and separate the processing depending on the performance mode using a 1-bit flag. It may be possible to create a system.

Finally, the sound source shown in FIG. 2 will be explained. FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the multiple sound source 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 10 is a notebook clock generator, 11 is a notebook clock selector connected to the notebook clock generator 10,
12 is an envelope generator connected to the note clock selector 11; 13 is a control register for controlling the note clock selector 11 and the envelope generator 12; one set of these constitutes one sound generation channel. A predetermined number of sounding channels (8 channels CH0 to CH7 in FIG. 5) are provided, and their outputs are added by an adder 14 and supplied to an amplifier speaker (not shown).

In the above configuration, the multiple sound source assigner 2 in FIG.
Therefore, note clock selection data and key press data are placed on the data bus in a time-division multiplexed form, and signals CH0CK~ to distinguish between them are placed on the data bus.
CH7CK is set in the control register 13 of each channel. Note clock generator 10, on the other hand, generates all the necessary scale signals and supplies the signals to note clock selector 11 of each channel.

For each channel, from this notebook clock group,
The note clock set in the control register 13 is selected, this signal is supplied to the envelope generator 12, and an envelope is formed based on the key press data from the control register 13. The output signals of these channels are added by an adder 14 and outputted via an amplifier and a speaker. In this way, the specified musical tone signal is generated from the channel specified by the assigner.

Note that the single sound source 8 can also be generated by providing one sound generation channel and performing the same processing as shown in FIG. 5.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the method using an assigner, but can also be applied to a method that directly controls sound production using information from a conventional keyboard circuit, or a sound source using a waveform readout method as a sound source. can do.

Further, although the above embodiment has been described using a microprocessor as an example, it goes without saying that it can be constructed using ordinary wire logic.

As described above, the present invention provides an electronic musical instrument having multiple tone sources and a single tone source, including a means for detecting the number of pressed keys, and a comparison means for comparing the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key with the previously assigned note. and a counter that measures the pressing time when the second key is pressed.
By detecting legato performance based on the number of keys pressed or the time measured by the counter, the pitch assigned to a single sound source can be changed, so it is possible to perform faithfully to the score without putting any burden on the performer. The excellent effect of being able to do this can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a musical score to explain the problems of the conventional technique, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of keys pressed and the playing method, and Fig. 4 This figure is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the above embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the sound source of the above embodiment. 1...Keyboard, 2...Multiple tone source assigner, 3...Keyboard information output means, 4...Multiple tone sources, 5...Key press number detection means, 6...Legato detection means, 9...Single tone source block.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Keyboard information output means that outputs information corresponding to operated keys, a multiple sound source that generates one or more sounds in accordance with this information, and among the information of the keyboard information output means. and a single sound source that selects one of the following and generates a single sound according to the selected information, in which the number of pressed keys is detected based on information from the keyboard information output means. and a comparison means for comparing the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key and the previously assigned note when the pressed key number detection means detects that three or more keys are pressed at the same time. As a result of the comparison using this comparison means, if the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key is lower than the previously assigned note, the single sound source is off-assigned,
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a single tone source assigner that assigns the highest note on if the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key is higher than the assigned pitch. 2. A keyboard information output means that outputs information corresponding to the operated key, a multiple sound source that generates one or more sounds according to this information, and one of the information of the keyboard information output means that is selected. a single sound source that generates a single sound according to information selected by the keyboard; When the number of pressed keys detection means detects that two keys are pressed at the same time, a counter is used to measure the time that the two keys are pressed at the same time, and if the time measured by this counter is less than a predetermined value, a legato performance is performed. legato detecting means for detecting that there is a legato playing state; when the legato detecting means detects a legato playing state, the highest note is assigned to a single sound source; and when the legato detecting means detects that the legato playing state is not present, the legato detecting means detects that the legato playing state is not pressed. A comparison means that compares the pitch of the highest note of the key with the previously assigned note, and as a result of the comparison using this comparison means, if the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key is lower than the previously assigned note, then the The electronic musical instrument is characterized by comprising a single sound source assigner which assigns a sound source off and, if the pitch of the highest note of the pressed key is higher than the previously assigned pitch, assigns the highest note on.