JPS6341476B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a chromakey signal is transformed by reducing it together with a color television signal of a first input image, and stored in a memory, and then a second The present invention relates to a special effect generating device that can transform a first input image, such as reducing it, to a second input image and combine it with a color television signal of the input image.

Conventional special effects devices that generate reduction effects can only reduce the entire input image, and cannot transform the input image by reducing it or combining it with other images.

An object of the present invention is to provide a second memory separate from the image signal memory, and perform signal processing for deformation of the chroma key signal in the same manner as the image signal.
Provided is a special effect generation device that can combine a first and second image using a chroma key signal generated by writing to and reading from a memory, and can perform transformations such as reducing the image and combine it with another image. It is to be.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a special effect generating device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1
2 is a first encoder, and 2 is a write pulse generator, into which a first color television signal h representing a first input image applied to terminal C is input. The write pulse generator 2 generates a clock pulse m in synchronization with the first color television signal h.
A clock pulse 1, a horizontal pulse, a vertical pulse, and a subcarrier wave (not shown) are generated. encoder 1
A first color television signal is encoded by the sampling clock pulse l. The encoder 1 is
For example, it operates at a sampling frequency of approximately 14.3 MHz (4 times the subcarrier frequency) and 8 bits per sampling.
3 is a first signal processing circuit, which performs signal processing for deformation such as hue correction by reduction of encoded signal i and pixel extraction, and this processed signal j is sent to the first color television. The signal is written to the first memory 4 for the signal. 5 is a write address generator that generates an address n necessary for writing into the memory 4, and a clock pulse m and an external control signal w for deformation control from a terminal G.
The write address n is controlled and generated based on the control signal v necessary for modification such as reduction or nonlinear modulation generated by the effect control unit 6 based on the write address n. 7
is a read pulse generator, and in synchronization with the reference signal u applied to terminal F, as on the write side,
A clock pulse s, a clock pulse t, a horizontal pulse, a vertical pulse, and a subcarrier (not shown) are generated. 8 is a read address generator which generates a read address p in response to a clock pulse s.
The modified first color television signal is read from the memory 4 using this read address. A memory control unit 9 switches between a write address n and a read address p.

10 is an encoder, the second
A second color television signal e representing an input image is encoded in the same manner as the first color television signal h. This encoded signal f is the first
The signal is inputted to a mixer 12 through a delay device 11 for phase adjustment with the image signal.

A second encoder 13 encodes the chromakey signal a, which is applied to the terminal A and represents a part of the first input image. For example, the chroma key signal is sampled at a sampling frequency of about 14.3 MHz and 4 bits.
The encoded chromakey signal b undergoes signal processing for transformation such as phase adjustment and pixel extraction in the second signal processing circuit 14 in the same way as the first signal processing circuit 5, and the transformed chroma key Signal c is input to second memory 15. This memory 15 operates at the same address o (n or p) as memory 4. The chromakey signal d read from the memory 15 controls the mixer 12 to combine the modified first color television signal k into the second color television signal g. A decoder 16 decodes the synthesized signal q into an analog signal using a clock pulse t, and outputs it to a terminal D as a synthesized color television signal r.

Next, the operation will be explained.

First, a case will be described in which the second input image is transformed into a waveform or the like. If the starting point of write address n is modulated by a predetermined function, it can be modulated as shown in FIG. Here, in FIG. 2, a is the second input image, b is an image transformed by modulating the writing start, c is an image with the deformation cycle further changed, d is an image with the deformation phase changed, e is an image in which the amplitude of deformation is changed, and f is an image in which the image start position of deformation is changed. This modulation of the write address n is performed by first calculating the start point of the address for each horizontal scan in the effect control unit 6, and then generating a modulated write address from the calculated start address value in the write address generator 5. It is done. Since the memory 4 is written using this modulated write address, the first color television signal is written in a modulated state for modification. Note that the hue changes only when the writing start point is changed. This is because the image signal is sampled at four times the subcarrier frequency, so there are four sampling phases, and writing at different phases will result in color change. This requires hue correction.
In the signal processing circuit 3, the encoder 1 is used to perform signal processing for deformation such as hue correction during this deformation.
The encoded signal is first separated into a luminance signal and a chromaticity signal. After this separated chromaticity signal is decoded into two sampling phases and weighted averaged,
It is encoded by the control signal v, combined with the previous luminance signal, and written into the memory 4. As described above, signal processing for modification such as hue correction is performed.

Next, the deformation operation of reduction will be explained. First of all, to briefly explain the principle of reduction, if a series of encoded pixels are sequentially written into memory and read out continuously, the memory output will be the same as the input without being reduced. An image is obtained, but if pixels are extracted at certain intervals from the continuous pixels and the remaining pixels are packed in memory and written and read out, a reduced-transformed image can be obtained as an output. For example, if you extract 1 pixel out of every 3 pixels, it becomes 2/3, and if you extract 1 pixel out of every 2 pixels, it becomes 1/2.
An image reduced to . This method of extracting pixels is not only performed uniformly but also nonlinearly according to a certain function, and this control is performed by the effect control section 6. It should be noted that if pixels are simply extracted, packed into memory, and written, the hue will change for the same reason as in the case of modulating the start address. Therefore, in the same manner as described above, the chromaticity signal is separated and processed for decoding, weighted averaging, encoding, and other transformations to correct the hue.

The hue correction and pixel extraction are performed by the signal processing circuit 3 shown in FIG. Furthermore, in order to extract and pack pixels and write them into the memory, it is necessary to stop updating the write address of the memory at the time of extraction, but this is done by the write address generator 5 in accordance with the control signal v.

Next, the operation of generating a chromakey signal will be explained.

The second memory 15 for the chroma key signal operates at the same address as the first memory 4, but as shown in FIG. 3, it uses two memories,
It has the characteristic that the chroma key signal is not cleared even if it is repeatedly read from memory within one frame.

In FIG. 3, signal A is an encoded chroma key signal (FIG. 1c), and signal K for clearing the memory is switched by switchers 17 and 18, and signals A and C from each switch are memory A19. , memory B
20 is input. Signals K and K are switch 1
This is a switching control signal for switching between 7 and 18. Signals C and S are write control signals, and signal S is memory 4.
This is the same address signal (o in FIG. 1) as used for this purpose. The signals E and O read from the memories A19 and B20 are switched by the switch 21 in response to the control signal S, and the signal F (FIG. 1d) is output. Note that 22 is a control section which generates the various control signals described above based on the frame information signal shown in FIG. 4g.

FIG. 4a is a diagram showing a memory cycle,
Two writes and one write in one memory cycle T
Read the times. Light 1 cycle W1
Then, chromakey signal information is written and read out in the next read cycle R. In the next write 2 cycle W2, "0" is written at the same address as the read address to clear the memory. In this case, if a read cycle and two write cycles are repeatedly executed at the same address within one frame, the memory output during the second and subsequent read cycle executions will always be "0" and no chromakey signal will be output. Therefore, two memories 19 and 20 are used, and data writing and "0" writing are alternately switched every frame.
By alternately reading data from 20, it is possible to generate a chromakey signal that matches the image without being cleared even if the same address is repeatedly read.

Figure 4b and c are memories A19 and B2, respectively.
Indicates input data to 0, chroma key signal A,
Signal keys of "0" for clearing the memory are input alternately.

Figure 4 d and e are memories A19 and B2, respectively.
Indicates a write inhibit signal for 2 cycles of writing to 0, inhibits 2 cycles of writing to the memory in which key signals are being written and read, and enables repeated reading.

FIG. 4f shows a switching signal S which alternately switches between data, E and O read out from the two memories A19 and B20, and FIG. 4G shows a frame information signal S.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a display generated by the above configuration.

b is the first input image, and the corresponding chromakey signal is c. The letter A in b is extracted by the chromakey signal in c. Input signals b and c are reduced and transformed into d and e, respectively.
If the second input image a and the reduced-transformed second image d are combined using the reduced-transformed chroma key signal, the character image of A is reduced and transformed into the character image of B, as shown in f. It's crowded.

As explained above, the patented effect generating device of the present invention transforms a first input image represented by a first color television signal and synthesizes it with a second input image represented by a second color television signal. a first memory for a first color television signal;
2 for chromakey signal representing the part to be combined
encode the first color television signal and the chromakey signal in synchronization with the first color television signals using first and second encoders, respectively, using a second memory consisting of two memories;
A first color television signal and a chromakey signal encoded by first and second signal processing circuits that are commonly controlled by a control signal for controlling transformation of a first input image. The deformation signal processing such as pixel extraction and hue correction is performed and input into the first and second memories, and the deformation signal processed by the memory control unit 9 which is commonly controlled by this control signal is processed. The color television signal and chromakey signal of No. 1 are written into the first and second memories, respectively, according to the signal processing for transformation, and are read out from the first and second memories in synchronization with the reference synchronization signal, and transformed. The color television signal read out from the first memory is encoded based on the chromakey signal read out from the second memory so as to combine the first input image read out with the second input image. Since the configuration is configured such that the mixed color television signal is decoded by the decoder, the input image of a person or object can be transformed such as reduction, and then used for other purposes. It can be synthesized with the input image of , and its industrial value is high.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the special effect generating device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the effect of address modulation, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing details of the memory 15 in the same embodiment. , Fig. 4 is a timing diagram for explaining the operation of the memory, and Fig. 5 is a timing diagram for explaining the operation of the memory.
The figure is a diagram showing an example of a display effect synthesized using the apparatus of the present invention. 1, 10, 13... Encoder, 2... Write pulse generator, 3, 4... Signal processing circuit, 4, 15... Memory, 5... Write address generator, 6... Effect control unit, 7... Read pulse generator, 8...Read address generator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a special effect generating device for transforming a first input image represented by a first color television signal and composing it with a second input image represented by a second color television signal, the first color television signal a first memory for signals;
2 for chromakey signal representing the part to be combined
a second memory consisting of two memories; and a second memory consisting of two memories;
first and second encoders respectively encoding the color television signal and the chroma key signal;
an effect control section that supplies a control signal for controlling transformation of the first input image; and an effect control section that supplies the encoded first color television signal and chroma key signal that are commonly controlled by the control signal; first and second signal processing circuits that perform deformation signal processing such as pixel extraction and hue correction, respectively, and input the signals to the first and second memories, and are commonly controlled by the control signal. , the first color television signal and the chroma key signal which have been subjected to the transformation signal processing are written into the first and second memories respectively according to the transformation signal processing, and the first color television signal and the chroma key signal which have been subjected to the transformation signal processing are written into the first and second memories respectively, and the first color television signal and the chromakey signal which have been subjected to the transformation signal processing are written into the first and second memories respectively, 1. a memory control unit that reads out a chromakey signal from a second memory; a mixer for combining the color television signal read from the first memory with the encoded second color television signal; and a decoder for decoding the mixed color television signal. A special effect generating device characterized by: