JPS6342919B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a signal transmission method, and is particularly suitable for transmitting analog and digital information between a central supervisory control device and a large number of monitored and controlled devices. Regarding signal transmission methods.

[Background of the invention]

Monitoring and control devices that handle analog and digital information are used in various fields, but in the following, a building monitoring and control device will be taken as an example to provide a concrete explanation.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a building monitoring and control device, in which a monitoring and control panel 1 including a monitoring section 1a and an operation section 1b and a monitoring and controlling object 9 are a control device for processing transmitted information. 3. Control center A and controlled center B
They are coupled via a transmission device 2 and a transmission line 4 for performing transmission between them, and input/output devices 5 to 8 of the controlled station B. The objects of monitoring and control in such a system 9 mainly include power equipment, air conditioning and sanitary equipment, disaster prevention equipment, elevator equipment, etc. The number of devices that are subject to centralized monitoring and control varies depending on the scale, but ranges from several hundred to several thousand. It even reaches a point.

Conventionally, in such centralized monitoring and control systems,
In most cases, transmission between the control center and the controlled station was connected one-to-one by cable, but recently, the application of microprocessors has expanded, and microprocessors have improved technologically and economically. There is a transition to a digital transmission method that applies

This conventional digital transmission system will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Figure 2 is a time chart of transmission and information processing, which basically consists of two blocks:
That is, it is divided into signal transmission TR between the control center and the controlled station, and information processing PR that organizes information from the controlled station, performs arithmetic processing, etc., and under normal circumstances, these are performed alternately and cyclically. When a manual interrupt M occurs, such as operating a controlled device due to an operator's operation, the information processing PR immediately after that point occurs.
After completion, perform reception processing MPR.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of the signal transmission TR shown in FIG. It is indicated by .2... First, select controlled station No. 1 from control station No. 0.
When S1 is performed, controlled station No. 1 responds and first selects control station No. 0 S0, and then performs signal transmission TR. Thereafter, the controlled station No.
2, No. 3, etc., signal transmission is carried out.

When transmitting analog and digital information in such a system, in the example of building monitoring and control equipment, the amount of analog data is 10 to 20% of the amount of digital data; , the digital amount is 8 in 1 byte.
While point data can be sent, the analog amount is 1
Two bytes are required per point, and the number of bytes handled is about the same for both, or about twice as long for analog, requiring longer transmission and processing time. Therefore, conventionally, analog and digital amounts were transmitted and processed alternately in the processing flow shown in FIG.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The advantage of this case is that since a large amount of information is transmitted in an orderly manner, software processing for transmission is easy, and information related to control can be easily transmitted at the same time. However, although rapid response is not required for blind monitoring and control during normal times, it is required that interrupt processing in response to an operator's operation command be promptly terminated and return to normal transmission processing. However, there are many types of controlled devices, and their response times to operation commands vary. If the answer call determination time is set based on the controlled device with the longest response time, the interrupt processing will take too much time.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a signal transmission system that can easily reduce interrupt processing to the shortest time depending on the controlled equipment based on an operator's operation command.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention alternately performs transmission processing between a control center and a controlled station for digital quantities and analog quantities during normal times, and also transmits operation commands from the control center to controlled equipment (in digital quantities). (given), the operation command is processed and transmitted as an interrupt, and after the interrupt has occurred, a status change capture process is performed that captures an answer pack indicating a change in the status of the controlled device due to the operation command. The state change presence/absence judgment process is repeated alternately to determine whether the state of the controlled device has changed according to the operation command based on the answer book taken in the change import process. The present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned normal transmission processing is performed after it is determined that the state has changed in accordance with the operation command.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an apparatus for implementing the present invention, which is basically the same as FIG. 1, but the internal configuration of each apparatus is shown in more detail. That is, the monitoring section 1a of the supervisory control panel includes a digital monitoring section 1aa that monitors the operating status and failure occurrence status of equipment in the controlled station, and an analog monitoring section 1ab that observes measured values of the controlled station. The transmission device 2, the control device 3, the controlled stations 5, 6, . . . have built-in microprocessors 2a, 3a, 5a, etc. As memories attached to the microprocessor, in the transmission device 2, digital output data 2f as control center output data, analog output data 2g, digital input data 2d as input data from the controlled station, and digital output data 2e.
There is. In addition, the control center, controlled station, and transmission equipment 2
A buffer memory 2b is provided as a data buffer for transmitting and receiving signals between the controller 3 and the controller 3. Similarly, in the control device 3 and the controlled station 5, the digital input data memories 3b and 5b and the analog input data memory 3
c, 5c, digital output data memory 3d, 5
d, there are analog output data memories 3e and 5e. Control program 2c for transmission device 2
is a program for controlling transmission, the details of which are shown in FIG. (In addition, the transmission device 2, the control device 3,
The microprocessors of the controlled stations 5 and 6 each have their own dedicated control programs, but they are omitted here. ) FIG. 5 is a time chart of signal processing in the transmission device, and is similar to analog transmission or digital transmission, and only the address of the called or written data of the other party changes. This chart shows the number of the controlled station and the data type (digital or analog, sending or receiving) of the transmission units 101 and 10.
2, 104, 105, data type transmission sections 107, 109 from the controlled station to the control station, and data transmission sections 103, 106, 108, 110 for the data itself. In addition, the data organization 111 inputs information in the transmission data buffer memory 2b that stores digital or analog input/output data during transmission, since the input data is normally arranged by controlled station number. For each functional object (e.g. electric power,
input data memory 2d,
2e, and this stored data is passed to the control device via data transmission 112 to the control device.

As an example, to specifically explain the transmission of digital input/output data, the output data from the control center to the controlled station is stored in 2b as shown in 2f or 2g in Figure 4, depending on whether it is digital or analog transmission. . At 101 in FIG. 5, the controlled station number of the other party is first selected, and the address 5b of the data to be sent from the controlled station to the control station and the data storage address 2b of the control station are transmitted. In response to this, the controlled station side sends data 5b to 2b of the control center.
It is transmitted at 108 in the figure. Next, at 102 in FIG. 5, the controlled station number and the digital output data storage address 5d from the control station are specified again, and the digital output data is transmitted.

In this manner, the data is transmitted sequentially, and when the digital transmission is completed, the data stored in the buffer memory 2b is organized and stored in the memory 2d. This organized (updated) data is transmitted from the buffer memory 2b to the memory 3b of the control device 3 at timing 112 in FIG. As a result of the above, the display of the digital monitoring section 1aa of the monitoring section changes.

On the other hand, when an operation command is issued from the operating unit 1b in FIG. 4 to a controlled device (the same applies to an operation command to a controlled device by arithmetic control of the control device), the data is written to the digital output memory 3d. Fifth
At 112 in the figure, the data is transmitted from the memory 3d to the memory 2f, and it is determined whether or not interrupt processing is necessary.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the transmission device of the control program 2c of the transmission device 2.
In step 01, the parameter D is set to 1, and in step 202, it is determined whether D=0 or D1.
Move on to 3. In step 203, digital output data is stored in a buffer, in step 204, digital data is transmitted, in step 205, digital data is processed, and then in step 206.
Then replace D with D-1. Meanwhile, step 202
If D=0 in step 207, the analog output data is stored in the buffer, and step 2
Analog data transmission is performed in step 08, and step 2
After analog data processing is performed in step 09, D is set to 1 in step 210. When the above digital or analog transmission processing is completed, it is determined in step 211 whether or not there is an interrupt, and if not, the process returns to step 202. If there is an interrupt, step 21
In step 2, interrupt processing is performed, and in step 213, D is set to a certain value n, and the process returns to step 202.
According to such processing, analog and digital transmissions are normally performed alternately, but when there is an interrupt such as operation of controlled station equipment, the data is transmitted from the control device 3 at the timing of data processing. Performs import and interrupt processing. At this time, if the number of times D of digital transmission is set to n, only digital transmission will be repeated n times. The number of times n can be set as a constant in the program, taking into account the response time of the target device.

As an example of the program as described above, FIG. 7 shows the operation when a controlled device is operated from the operation section. In normal processing PR1, digital data transmission 301, its processing 302, analog data transmission 303, and its processing 304 are repeated, but an operation switch activation operation 308 is issued from the operation unit 1b, and an operation interrupt 305 is generated. When the occurrence occurs, following the operation interrupt processing 306, the state change capture device 301I captures an answer book indicating a state change of the controlled device due to the operation command, and the answer book 312 fetched in this state change capture process is used. Then, a state change presence/absence determination process 302I for determining whether the state of the controlled device has changed in accordance with the operation command is alternately and repeatedly executed. Then, after the status change presence/absence determination process 302I determines that the status has changed in accordance with the operation command, the process returns to the normal transmission process. During this time, the display lamp in the monitoring unit 1a changes from 309 to 309 indicating that the response is complete.
At the point of 7, it changes to enter 310.

In this case, the response time T and the number of digital transmissions n are expressed by the following equation.

n = (τ÷t ₁ ) + 1 T = (α + nt ₁ ) + t ₁ (or t ₂ ) where t ₁ and t ₂ are digital and analog transmission and processing times, τ is the device response time, and α is the interrupt processing and This is the time required for processing by the control device. Here, the number of data bytes to process digital information and analog information is 1 to 1 to 2 as mentioned above, so t ₂ = t ₁ × (1 to 2), and the time required for analog transmission as in the conventional case.
By removing nt ₂ at the time of interrupt, the transmission time, which accounts for a large portion of the response time, can be reduced to 30-50%.

On the other hand, in the case of a response of analog information, as shown in FIG. 8, no interrupt processing is performed. That is, when the measurement operation 314 is performed on the operation unit 1b and the measurement operation starts 315, the actual measurement data 317 (contents 123) captured during the previous transmission is displayed on the display 313 at the measurement completion 316, and the next analog After transmission, the contents 125 of the actual measurement data 318 are displayed. That is, since there is almost no change in the analog data, the data that was previously taken into the control device 3 is displayed, and then the data that is updated every time the analog data is processed is displayed.

Note that by changing the control processing program 2c shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to easily perform interrupt processing for analog data, and to perform processing compatible with the monitoring method. Furthermore, if the amount of information becomes extremely large, the data memory 2d
By subdividing 2f and 5b to 5e (for example, dividing digital data into two) and setting them as data write and destination addresses, it becomes possible to quickly transmit and process the corresponding interrupt command.

Conversely, when the number of processing points is small, a microprocessor is not provided separately as the control device 3, and
The time margin for transmission can be used as a function of the control device 3.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention alternately repeats the state change capture process and the state change presence/absence determination process after giving an operation command by interrupt processing, and the state change presence/absence determination process is performed in accordance with the operation command. After determining that a change has occurred, the system returns to normal transmission processing. Therefore, even if the response times of the controlled devices are different, the interrupt processing can be executed within the interrupt processing time required for the controlled devices, and the interrupt processing can be easily performed in the shortest possible time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a building monitoring and control device.
2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams of a conventional digital transmission processing system, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a device for implementing the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a time chart of signal processing in the transmission device. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a control program which is a feature of the present invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are time charts showing the transmission processing operation of digital and analog information according to the present invention. 1a...Monitoring unit, 1b...Operation unit, 2...Transmission device, 2c...Control program, 3...
Control device, 5, 6... Controlled station, 91, 92...
Monitored control equipment.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a signal transmission method between the central supervisory control device and the device when the device is monitored and controlled by digitally transmitting and processing analog and digital information between a large number of devices and the central supervisory control device. , the above-mentioned digital information transmission process and the above-mentioned analog information transmission process are alternately repeated during normal times, and when an operation command given in the form of digital information is issued from the above-mentioned central control unit to the above-mentioned equipment, the corresponding A status change capture device that interrupts and transmits the operation command, and after the interrupt occurs, captures an answer back indicating a change in the status of the device due to the operation command; A state change presence/absence determination process that determines whether the state of the device has changed in accordance with the operation command through the answer backup is alternately repeated, and the state of the device has changed in accordance with the above operation command in the state change presence/absence determination process. A signal transmission method characterized in that the above normal transmission processing is performed after determining that the transmission has occurred.