JPS6343060B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a seedling-raising method for raising rice seedlings etc. that are planted using a rice transplanter, and a seedling-raising facility for carrying out this seedling-raising method.

As rice transplanters and other seedling planting machines that mechanically plant seedlings have become widely used, the raising of seedlings that are planted using such seedling planting machines has also come to be done artificially. Although,
The reality is that methods and facilities that can be used to raise seedlings on a large scale while saving labor have not yet been developed. That is, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-61007, a plurality of trolley rows each consisting of a plurality of trolleys on which seedling growing boxes are placed in multiple stages is provided,
A seedling raising facility has been proposed in which seedling growing boxes on each trolley are irrigated by irrigation means that moves along a row of trolleys. Water is supposed to be sprayed from a certain position towards the row of trolleys, and even if the water pipe is installed at a certain height and has many water sprinkling ports in the vertical direction, it will not be possible to raise seedlings. It was undesirable to water only a large area inside the box, and uniformly water the entire surface of a large number of seedling boxes.

In other words, when watering or spraying chemicals on trees or other seedlings planted in a greenhouse, etc., the water or chemicals can be applied almost uniformly to all the seedlings by sprinkling or spraying them roughly. However, when watering a large number of small seedling boxes from a considerable distance toward a trolley that is placed almost closely together, even if there is space between them vertically, the amount of water is extremely large. Irrigation is only done unevenly.

Therefore, the growth of seedlings is highly uneven both when looking at a large number of seedling boxes as a whole and when looking at each seedling box individually.As a result, the conventionally proposed seedling raising facilities for rice seedlings, etc. are not practical and are simply The reality is that it remains a proposal.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention provides a new method for raising seedlings that can uniformly raise seedlings on a large scale while saving labor, and a new method for raising seedlings that can be suitably used to carry out this method. The aim is to provide facilities.

Regarding the illustrated embodiment, firstly, the configuration of the seedling raising facility according to the present invention will be explained.
(Fig. 1) This seedling raising facility is located in the 1st,
As shown in Figure 2, it is equipped with a large number of carts W.
As shown in FIG.
Horizontal shelf boards 3 are provided at equal intervals along the vertical direction in the middle partition 1 and the end partitions 2 at both ends in the length direction, and each compartment defined by the partitions 1 and 2 is A large number of seedling growing boxes B as shown in FIG. 4 can be stacked and installed in parallel in the vertical direction by placing two seedling boxes B on the shelf boards 3 at both ends. The distance between the upper and lower shelf boards 3 is
A certain distance α between the top and bottom of the nursery box B (Figures 7 and 10)
The spacing is set so that it can be placed at a distance. The end partition 2 of each truck W is provided with a vertical bar 4 at the center in the width direction, and each truck D is provided with an appropriate number of wheels 5. In the illustrated case, the wheels 5
is made to face inside the rail groove 6 on the floor surface, and is made to roll within the rail groove 6. Each seedling box B is
As shown in FIG. 4, it is a shallow box with a large number of small-diameter through holes 7 in the bottom.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the carts W carrying a large number of seedling boxes B as described above are connected to a cart train L in which a plurality of carts W are connected in series with each other.
are arranged in a plurality of rows with a constant interval Q between each row L, and are installed in a fixed position within the facility.

The distance between the two tank cars L at the center of the width of the facility is slightly larger as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, and the following tank cars T are placed within this distance. As shown in FIG. Reversible motor 1 on car T
It is constructed as a self-propelled type that is reciprocated along the rail groove 8 by forcibly rotating the wheel 9 at one end. Also, a large capacity water tank 11 is mounted on the tank car T, and as shown in FIG. 6, it is driven by a motor 12 on the tank car T to suck water from inside the water tank 11. A discharge pump 13 is installed on the tank car T, and the pump 13 discharges water into the water supply pipe 14 on the tank car T, and the discharge pressure is set from the middle of the water supply pipe 14. The pressure can be adjusted by a pressure regulating valve 16 inserted into a reflux pipe 15 led into the water tank 11.

A rail 17 located at the center in the width direction and rails 18 located at both ends are installed at the ceiling level in the facility.
A beam 21 is installed along the length of the facility and has rollers 19 and 20 on the lower side that roll on these rails 17 and 18, as shown in Figures 2 and 6-8. has been done. And this beam 2
1 is fixed to the top end of the tank car T, and is allowed to reciprocate at the ceiling level as the tank car T moves back and forth. It is a vertical nozzle N that faces the area, that is, the nozzle N has an inverted gate shape between each row L and a straight line shape at the side end, and has a pipe-shaped main body with a large number of spouting devices 22 shown in FIG. 9, Install them at equal intervals along the vertical direction and connect them to the seventh
As shown in the figure, a nozzle N facing from the side is provided between the seedling boxes B on the cart W, and this nozzle N is fixedly supported by the beam 21 along the beam 21 at its upper end. The water supply pipe 2 is a water supply pipe 23 connected to the water supply pipe 14 on the tank car T.
3, is connected. 24 shown in Figures 5 and 6
is a suspension support device for the nozzle N, which is equipped with a turnbuckle 24a, and each of the above-described nozzle devices 22 has a slit 2 formed at its tip, as shown in FIG.
An elliptical injection port 22b is opened in the center of 2a,
It is said that it spreads out into a fan shape and sprays water to fill the width of the seedling box B.

As shown in FIG. 10, the water jet direction from the jet port 22b of the nozzle N is set so that the water is jetted diagonally downward from the side upper position of the seedling growing box B at each stage of the seedling growing box B. has been done.

Further, power is supplied to both the motors 10 and 12 on the traveling tank car T via a flexible cable 25 as described below. That is, another rail 26 made of H-beam steel is installed above the rail 17 in the center of the width of the facility and along the rail 17, and as shown in FIG. The metal fitting 27 is slidably supported, the base end is connected to a power source, and the tip is connected to the motor 10 on the tank car T.
A flexible cable 25 connected to the tank car T is suspended, and power is supplied to the motors 10 and 12 via the cable 25 whose tip moves together with the tank car T. Note that to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by changing the rotation direction of the motor 10 at each moving end of the tank car T, it is possible to automatically change the running direction of the tank car T by attaching a forward/reverse switch to the tank car T and moving this switch. This can be done by making the switching operation occur by contacting the end with an actuating body fixedly installed on the floor surface.

The seedling raising method according to the present invention includes, for example, 1-1
This is carried out using the seedling raising facility shown in Figure 0 and explained above.Next, an embodiment of the seedling raising method according to the present invention using this apparatus will be explained. Seeds are sown in the seedling raising box B before the seedling raising box B is loaded onto the cart W. For this purpose, a bed material such as soil or foamed polyurethane is placed in the seedling raising box B, and seeds such as rice seed are sown thereon using, for example, a known sowing machine, and covered with soil as appropriate. Then, after sowing seedling box B,
As mentioned above, a large number of trolleys W are placed inside the seedling nursery facility.
Either it is carried by another cart and loaded using the shelf board 3, or it is loaded on the cart W using the shelf board 3 at another location and then the cart W is moved. By arranging as described above, the state shown in the figure is obtained. This is where the seedling-raising period begins, and if necessary, the temperature is adjusted by blowing warm air into the facility or installing mercury lamps. In the case of raising rice seedlings, etc., watering is not performed until germination, and watering is performed approximately three days after sowing, when germination is almost complete. This irrigation is carried out in the following preferred manner. That is, this irrigation is carried out by starting the motor 10 on the tank car T and reciprocating the tank car T along the trolley train L over a long distance of, for example, 80 m at a low speed of, for example, 15 m/min. In addition, the pump 13 is driven by the motor 12 to discharge from the water tank 11 at a discharge pressure of, for example, about 20 m of water column, and the water supply pipe 1 is
Water at this pressure is supplied to each nozzle N through the nozzles 4 and 23 so that the jetting flow rate from each spout 22 is, for example, 140/
As mentioned above, water is injected from the spout 22 of the nozzle N into the upper and lower seedling growing boxes B spaced apart from each other as shown in FIG. 10. Therefore, all the seedling boxes B in the area where the tank truck T or nozzle N is located in the longitudinal direction of the facility are irrigated all at once. By proceeding with watering in this way, each seedling raising box B will be watered at equal time intervals, but in this way,
After germination, watering is performed by moving the tank truck T and nozzle N while the cart W and seedling box B remain in the same position, so it is not necessary to move a large number of heavy carts W during irrigation, and the irrigation work is performed completely naturally. As a result, significant labor savings can be achieved, and since each seedling box B is irrigated at an appropriately selected constant pressure and constant supply amount from the tank truck T traveling at an appropriately selected constant speed, All the seedling raising boxes B are uniformly watered under optimal conditions, and uniform and good seedling growth can be obtained in all the seedling raising boxes B. In particular, in the conventional case, in order to prevent swelling of the soil-covered area due to seed germination, during the germination period, the seedling boxes are stacked closely stacked vertically on the seedling cart, and the upper seedling box However, according to this invention, a nozzle N is used to simultaneously and uniformly irrigate the upper and lower seedling boxes in the same position as the germination stage.
By properly selecting the amount of water supplied at the time of irrigation, the soil that has floated up can be caused to sink downward by the flow of water, so that it does not interfere with the rooting of the seedlings. Furthermore, when a larger amount of water is desired as the seedlings grow, this adjustment can be made by increasing the set pressure of the pressure regulating valve 16. a water amount detection device that is arranged in conjunction with a detection means such as a float in the water tank 11, and a stop actuation device that automatically stops the tank car T in conjunction with the operation of this device to detect a decrease in the amount of water below a certain amount; By providing an automatic water supply device that automatically supplies water from the water supply port of the water tank 11 after the tank car T is stopped by this device, the present invention can automatically replenish water to the tank car T. In particular, not only the automation of irrigation work, but also various automatic controls and automatic operations can be easily adopted and implemented. In this way, for a certain period of time after germination,
For example, when the seedlings are raised with irrigation for 6 days and the expected seedling growth is achieved, the trolley W is pulled out and the seedling raising box B is handed over to individual farmers.

Next, another embodiment shown in FIG. 11 will be explained. In this embodiment, three rails 4 similar to the rails 17 and 18 are installed at the ceiling of the seedling raising facility.
0 and 41 are installed along the length direction of the bogie row L, and the wheels 4 are supported and guided by these rails 40 and 41.
It has 2,43. A traveling beam BE similar to the beam 21 is provided along the width direction of the facility, and connected to a water supply pipe 44 fixedly supported by the beam BE along the traveling beam BE, and a nozzle N similar to the nozzle N is connected to the beam BE. Although it is hanging from the BE, the beam
The nozzle N is connected to the traveling drive means of the BE and the water supply pipe 44.
The water supply means for supplying water to the tank is configured as follows, unlike the case of the previous embodiment.

That is, a pair of front and rear wire ropes 45, 46 are fixed at one end to both ends of the running beam BE, and the other ends of these wire ropes 45, 46 are placed along the rails 41 on both sides. Winches 49 and 50 are installed on the floor after being guided downward by pulleys 47 and 48 at the front and rear ends.
When the winding operation of one of the front and rear winches 49 or 50 is performed, the other front and rear winch 50 or 49 is operated to wind up the traveling beam through the wire ropes 45 and 46.
It is designed to obtain reciprocating motion of BE. A flexible hose 51 is connected at one end to the water supply pipe 44, and the other end of the hose 51 is guided downward along the rail 40 by a pulley 52 at the end of the rail 40, and then placed on the floor. Hoisting the hose 51 to the torque motor winch 53 installed on the surface
The other end is guided into the drum of the winch 53, pulled out from the center of the drum, and connected to a pressurized water supply source such as a pump or water faucet (not shown), and the hose 51 is connected in synchronization with the movement of the beam BE. The nozzle N is continuously supplied with water from the pressurized water supply source through the hose 51 and the water supply pipe 44 by continuously applying tension to the nozzle N.

The mode of implementation of the seedling raising method according to the present invention, which is carried out using the seedling raising facility shown in FIG.
This is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and the same advantages as described above are exhibited, but when the facility is configured without the tank car T, as in the case of FIG. 11, By omitting the tank car T and the water replenishing device for the moving tank car T, costs can be reduced.

Next, another example of a seedling raising facility with a simpler structure shown in FIG. 12 will be explained.
This alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 11, in which the winches 49 and 50 are omitted and the pulleys 47 and 48 are
A driving band 60 such as a belt, rope, or chain, which is fixed at both ends to the traveling beam BE, is hung around wheels 57 and 58 such as equivalent pulleys or sprocket wheels, and is rotated by the wheel 57 at one end. A reversible motor 61 is attached.
That is, in the one shown in FIG. 12, the four winches 49, 50 in the one shown in FIG. 11 are replaced with two simple motors 61, making the structure that much simpler.

Furthermore, to further simplify the structure, as shown in FIG. 13, the drive band 6 in the one in FIG.
A drive belt 70 equivalent to 0 is fixed at both ends to the running beam BE, and wheels 71 and 72 at both ends of the central rail 40 are attached.
In addition, the wheel body 71 at one end is driven by the winch motor of the winch 53 for the hose 51. In other words, for example, as shown in FIG. This can be done by, for example, suspending the drive belt 75 between a wheel 73 attached to the winch 53 and a wheel 74 attached to the winch 53.

As is clear from the above description, the seedling raising method of the present invention comprises a trolley train L consisting of a plurality of trolleys W each equipped with multi-tiered shelves 3 on which seedling growing boxes B can be placed at intervals vertically. A large number of seedling raising boxes B are placed on the shelves 3 and loaded on each trolley W, and the seedlings are grown in each of the seedling raising boxes B, and the seedlings are grown along the row of trolleys L. The moving watering means N individually raises seedlings in the seedling boxes B in each vertical stage of the cart W from a position close to the side of each seedling box B, and in each vertical stage. Box B is constructed so that the entire surface is watered at the same time to raise seedlings, and the following effects are achieved.

In other words, the seedling raising method of the present invention involves watering the inside of a large number of small seedling growing boxes B placed almost densely on a trolley W, and watering the entire surface of each seedling growing box B individually from a position close to the side of each seedling growing box B. Since this was carried out by the above method, uniform watering was achieved over the entire surface of each seedling growing box B by individual irrigation from a position close to the side of each seedling growing box B, and
Since each of the many seedling growing boxes B is individually watered, even and uniform watering can be achieved between the seedling growing boxes B.
Therefore, according to the present invention, the growth of seedlings is uniform both in individual seedling growing boxes and throughout a large number of seedling growing boxes, and uniform seedling growing, which can be called precision seedling growing, can be obtained. Irrigation water is then applied to a large number of seedling boxes B to achieve uniform seedling growth.
According to the present invention, it is possible to uniformly grow seedlings on a large scale while saving labor. be.

In addition, each seedling raising box B is
According to the seedling raising method of the present invention, in which the entire surface of each seedling box is watered individually, all of the water released from the irrigation means is supplied to the seedling raising box and used without wastage, thereby eliminating unnecessary water. In addition to not causing any problems, undesirable situations such as wasted and unnecessary water dripping down the cart frame or wetting the floor of the seedling-raising facility do not occur. In other words, the aforementioned Jitsukaiaki
In the system disclosed in Publication No. 48-61007, water is sprayed toward the row of trolleys from a position far away from the row of trolleys using a water discharge pipe that moves up and down, and the water hits the sides of the trolley frame and the side walls of the seedling box itself and is blocked. Therefore, a considerable amount of water is not supplied to the seedling growing box on the cart and is wasted, resulting in the above-mentioned problems and unfavorable situations. According to this method, these problems can also be solved.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the watering is performed by spraying water diagonally downward from the side upper position of the seedling growing boxes B in each stage, as illustrated in FIG. 10, It becomes easy to evenly distribute water over the entire left and right width of each seedling raising box B, and the effect of uniform irrigation over the entire surface is enhanced.

Further, the seedling raising facility of the present invention is a plurality of trolley rows L, each row consisting of a plurality of trolleys W each equipped with a multi-tiered shelf 3 on which seedling raising boxes B can be placed at intervals vertically. A plurality of rows of trolleys L arranged at intervals, a large number of seedling boxes B placed on the shelf 3 of each trolley W, and a large number of seedling boxes B loaded on the trolley W, guided by a guide means, The position closest to the side of row L is bogie row L.
A plurality of nozzle means N capable of reciprocating along the length direction parallel to the row of trolleys L, each of which sprays water individually toward the seedling box B on each shelf 3 of the trolley W in each row of trolleys L. A plurality of nozzle means N equipped with the number of injection ports 22b corresponding to the number of shelf stages to irrigate
, a moving drive device for moving the nozzle means N, and a water supply device for supplying water to the nozzle means N, so that the plurality of nozzle means N are reciprocated along the vehicle train L by the moving drive device. While moving, the method of raising seedlings of the present invention having the above-mentioned advantages can be carried out efficiently and labor-savingly by spraying water all at once from the nozzle injection ports 22b of the number corresponding to the number of stages of the shelves 3, and uniformly raising seedlings over a long period. It is suitable for

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 10 show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a plan view of a part of the facility, and Figures 3 and 4 are 1 and 4 respectively. Figure 5 is a perspective view of a part of the facility, Figure 6 is a vertical side view of the main part, Figure 7 is a vertical front view of the main part, and Figure 8 is a plan view of only the main parts. Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of one member, Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part, and Figures 11, 12, and 13 are
Each figure is a partially cutaway and partially omitted perspective view showing another embodiment. W...bogie, L...bogie row, B...seedling box, N...nozzle, T...tank truck, BE...travel beam, 3...shelf board,
9...Wheel, 10...Reversible motor, 11...Water tank, 12...Motor, 13...Pump, 14...Water supply pipe, 17...Rail, 18...Rail, 21...Beam, 22...Spout tool, 23...Water supply pipe, 40, 41...
Rail, 44... Water supply pipe, 45, 46... Wire rope, 47, 48... Pulley, 49, 50... Winch, 51... Hose, 52... Pulley, 53... Torque motor winch, 57, 58... Wheel body, 60... Drive Band, 61... Reversible motor, 70... Drive band, 71,
72... Wheel body, 73, 74... Wheel body, 75... Drive band.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of rows of trolleys each having a multi-tiered shelf on which seedling boxes can be placed at intervals above and below are provided with intervals between them, and on each trolley there is a A large number of seedling boxes are placed and loaded on the above-mentioned shelves, and seedlings are grown in each of the seedling boxes, and the seedling boxes on each stage in the vertical direction of the cart are grown by irrigation means that moves along the row of carts. This seedling raising method is constructed so that seedlings are raised by watering the entire surface of each seedling raising box individually from a position close to the side of each seedling raising box and simultaneously for each row of seedling raising boxes in the vertical direction. 2. The method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the watering is performed by spraying water diagonally downward from a side upper position of each row of seedling raising boxes. 3. A train of multiple trolleys, each row consisting of a plurality of trolleys each equipped with a multi-tiered shelf on which seedling boxes can be placed spaced apart vertically; A row of trolleys, a large number of seedling boxes placed on the shelf of each trolley and loaded on the trolley, and a guide means that guides the row of trolleys along the length of the row of rows of seedlings. A plurality of nozzle means capable of reciprocating in parallel with the rows, each of which has a number of spray ports corresponding to the number of shelves, each of which sprays water individually toward the seedling boxes on each shelf of the trolleys in each row of trolleys. A seedling raising facility comprising a plurality of nozzle means, a moving drive device for moving the nozzle means, and a water supply device for supplying water to the nozzle means.