JPS6347417B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combine harvester, and the present invention relates to a combine harvester that automatically changes the vehicle speed so that the output of the engine that drives the threshing device and the traveling device, and the processing capacity of the threshing device can be effectively utilized. It is possible to prevent poor control and a drop in efficiency due to incorrect operation when operating the system, and to effectively utilize the engine power and threshing processing capacity to avoid waste, regardless of the conditions of the grain culm, and to prevent threshing defects. The purpose is to enable work to be done efficiently without any equipment.

Next, embodiments of the combine harvester of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to illustrative drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, a device 1 for raising grain culms such as rice and wheat planted in a field, a cutting blade 2 for cutting the base of the raised grain culms, and a device 3 for holding and transporting the harvested grain culms backwards. The conveyed grain stems are held and conveyed by the feed chain 4 while being handled and processed by the rotating handling drum 5, and the processed material is subjected to the blowing action of the chisel 6 and the swinging sorting plate 7.
A threshing device 10 that performs a sorting process to collect fine grains by falling into a first port 8, collecting second particles by falling into a second port 9, and discharging straw waste from the device by the feeding action of the threshing device 10;
Each of the disc-shaped cutters 12 for shredding the threshed waste straw transported by the waste straw chain 11 is installed in a self-propelled machine having a crawler traveling device 13, an engine 14 for driving the various devices, a driver's seat 15, and a control box 16. It is attached to the aircraft.

As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the output of the engine 14 is transmitted by a belt to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 17, and the output of the continuously variable transmission 17 is transmitted to a drive case 18 through a gear. The system is constructed so that the vehicle speed can be varied steplessly. Further, a part of the engine output is transmitted to the threshing device 10 and the cutter 12 in an intermittent manner using a belt tension type threshing clutch 19. Further, although not shown, a part of the output of the transmission device 17 is transmitted to the lifting device 1, the cutting blade 2, and the conveying device 3.

A speed change lever 20 is linked to the continuously variable transmission 17 via a link mechanism 21, and an electric motor 22 capable of forward and reverse rotation is linked to the speed change lever 20 via a friction transmission mechanism 23. , the vehicle speed can be changed by the lever 20 and the motor 22, and the motor 22
The vehicle speed can be preferentially changed using the lever 20 even during operation of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 2, a device 24 detects the driving torque of the handling drum 5 as the driving torque T of the threshing device 10, and a mechanism of the torque detecting device 24 is used to determine the rotation speed of the handling drum 5 from the engine 14. The device 25 for detecting the rotational speed N of the threshing device 1
0, a device 26 for detecting the input rotational speed of the drive case 18 as a vehicle speed is attached to the drive case 18, and as shown in FIG. 26 is linked to the motor 22 by a control device A to constitute a vehicle speed control mechanism. As shown in FIG. 3, when the vehicle speed is zero or close to zero, the driving torque of the threshing device 10 is below a value set as necessary to run the threshing device 10 idly, and the engine 14 is shifted above the set speed.
A device 27 for storing the engine rotational speed N ₀ in the set state, and a reference driving torque T ₀ of the threshing device 10.
a device 28 for setting the engine speed in a state where it can be changed; and an engine rotation speed stored in the storage device 27.
4 engine rotation speed ranges N ₁ divided at set speed intervals △N toward low speeds with N ₀ as a reference;
N ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ and the setting torque interval △ on the increasing and decreasing sides based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀
Four threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ divided at intervals of T,
In detail, the proper balance relationship between T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ is such that the larger the torque range corresponds to the larger the speed range, as shown in Figure 4. , four torque ranges T ₁ ... and four speed ranges N ₁ ...
The 16 balance states obtained based on...
The first step is to divide the product of drive torque T and rotational speed N into seven levels C ₁ to _{C 7} based on the magnitude of the product, and set C ₃ of these divided ranks C ₁ as an appropriate balance relationship. balance relationship setting device 29;
The torque detection device 24 and the speed detection device 25
Based on the signal from the appropriate balance relationship setting device 29, it is determined in which rank among the seven ranks C1 the threshing drive torque T and the engine rotational speed _N are located, and this determination is made. Based on the results, there is no need to change the vehicle speed in rank C ₃ , and in rank C ₄ ~
In addition to determining whether deceleration is required at C ₇ and whether speeding up _is required at ranks C ₁ and C ₂ , the deceleration amount is set such that it becomes larger as it goes from rank C ₄ to C ₇ . Vehicle speed change amount setting device 3 that automatically sets the speed increase amount in a state where the speed increase is made larger than rank C ₂
0. A device 31 for setting a target vehicle speed at appropriate set times based on the signals from the vehicle speed change amount setting device 30 and the vehicle speed detecting device 26; Comparing and determining the signals from the target vehicle speed setting device 31 and the vehicle speed detecting device 26; Meanwhile, the drive circuit 32 for increasing the speed of the motor 22 is operated so that the target vehicle speed and the actual vehicle speed become the same.
a or actuate the deceleration operation drive circuit 32b;
The control device A is provided with each of the comparison circuits 33. That is, the driving torque T of the threshing device 10
The vehicle is driven based on the information from each of the detection devices 24, 25, and 26 so as to maintain the rotational speed N of the engine 14 within the torque range and speed range that have an appropriate balance relationship set by the first balance relationship setting device 29. The vehicle speed control mechanism is configured to automatically increase/decelerate the transmission 17.

In short, when performing the work, the traveling device 13 is stopped, the threshing clutch 19 is put into the engaged state, and the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ and
The engine rotational speed N ₀ is set in accordance with the grain culm conditions such as the inclination of the grain culm to be harvested, the wetness, and the variation in the amount of grain set. Then, the first balance relationship setting device 29 sets an appropriate balance relationship depending on the grain culm, applies a load to the engine 14 as large as possible within its allowable load range, and applies a load to the threshing device 10 within its allowable load range. Reaping and threshing processing can be performed while automatically changing the vehicle speed so as to apply as large a load as possible to the threshing device 10 and to avoid overloading the threshing device 10.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the threshing clutch 1
A switch 35 configured to detect that the threshing clutch 19 has been engaged based on the detection that the operating lever 34 of 9 has been operated to the clutch engaged position, transmits information that the threshing clutch 19 has been engaged. Based on the information from the timer circuit 36 and the engine speed detection device 25, which are used to delay the threshing clutch 19 by a certain period of time, the operation of the threshing clutch 19 is determined until the driving state of the handling drum 5 is stabilized. A device 37 for storing the engine rotation speed _{n 0} in the second set state after the predetermined period of time has elapsed; 4 engine rotational speed ranges n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ , n ₄ divided at set speed intervals △N and set torques for increasing and decreasing based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ The appropriate balance relationship between the four threshing drive torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ divided at intervals of ΔT is determined so that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. In detail, as shown in FIG. 5, there are four torque ranges T ₁
The 16 balance states obtained based on ... and the four speed ranges n ₁ ... n ₄ are divided into 7 of C ₁ to C ₇ by determining the magnitude of the product of the drive torque T and the rotational speed N. A second balance relationship setting device 38 is attached to the control device A to automatically set C ₃ of these divided ranks C ₁ . . . as an appropriate balance relationship. 1 setting condition is not satisfied, the first balance relationship setting device 2
9, the vehicle speed change operation is performed based on the appropriate balance relationship set by the second balance relationship setting device 38, that is, the first balance relationship setting device 29 the second balance relationship setting device 3 so that the vehicle speed is controlled with priority given to information from
8 is input to the vehicle speed change amount setting device 30. That is, when performing work, when the threshing clutch 19 is engaged after the machine is running, the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 are adjusted by the second balance relationship setting device 38. The traveling transmission 17 is configured to automatically increase/decelerate based on information from each of the detection devices 24, 25, and 26 so as to maintain the torque range and speed within the set appropriate balance relationship. be.

The vehicle speed control mechanism of the present invention may be constructed using a microcomputer or a logic circuit.

Further, in the embodiment, the torque shift range and the speed shift range are set as four sections each, but other numbers of sections may be set.

The rank setting function of the second balance relationship setting device 38 may be provided in the first balance relationship setting device 29 in a state where the rank setting function is prioritized, and these functions are provided in the balance relationship setting devices 29, 38.
Collectively called.

In summary, the combine harvester according to the present invention includes a device 25 for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 14 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13, a device 24 for detecting the driving torque T of the threshing device 10, and a device for detecting the vehicle speed. 26, and a device 28 for setting a reference threshing drive torque T, and when the vehicle speed is zero or close to zero, the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 is below the set value, and the rotational speed of the engine 14 is provided. Based on the detection of a first setting state in which N is greater than or equal to a set value and a second setting state in which the threshing clutch 19 is engaged and operated, and the first setting state is given priority over the second setting state, A plurality of engine rotational speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , divided at set speed intervals △N toward lower speeds based on the engine rotational speed N ₀ or n ₀ at the time of detection of the setting state,
N ₄ or n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ , n ₄ and a plurality of threshing drive torque ranges T divided into increasing and decreasing set torque intervals ΔT based on the reference threshing drive torque T _{0 1} , _T2 , _T3 , and _T4 , the balance relationship setting devices 29 and 38 automatically set the proper balance relationship between the torque range and the speed range. furthermore, a driving torque T of the threshing device 10 and the engine 1
The rotational speed N of 4 is set by the balance relationship setting device 2.
The vehicle speed is automatically increased or decreased based on the information from each of the detection devices 24, 25, and 26 so as to maintain the vehicle speed within the torque range and speed range that have an appropriate balance relationship set by 9 and 38. It is characterized by being equipped with a control mechanism.

In other words, as the vehicle speed increases, the amount of grain culm reaped per unit time increases, and the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 increases, which causes the rotational speed N of the engine 14 to decrease. Considering that N changes not only due to fluctuations in the driving torque T of the threshing device 10 but also due to fluctuations in the driving torque of the traveling device 13, it is necessary to take into consideration the lodging condition, wetness, and dryness of the grain culm during work. Appropriately set the standard threshing drive torque T ₀ according to the grain condition, etc., and
When the traveling device 13 is brought to a stopped state and the drive torque and engine speed of the threshing device 10 are set to appropriate values, the first setting state is set, the first proper balance relationship is set, and the driving of the threshing device 10 is set to the first setting state. Since the vehicle speed is automatically changed so that the torque T and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 are maintained within the torque range and speed range that have the above-mentioned optimum proper balance relationship, regardless of the grain culm conditions, It has become possible to work while applying a load to the engine 14 as large as possible within the allowable range and to the threshing device 10 while applying a load as large as possible within the allowable range.

By the way, if the balance relationship is set only based on the first setting state, if the threshing clutch 19 is erroneously engaged after the aircraft is running, the proper balance relationship will not be set at all and the vehicle speed control will not be possible. There are drawbacks such as problems such as the grain culm row a being harvested without being harvested, or the need to stop the machine in order to set an appropriate balance relationship. However, according to the present invention, even if the above-mentioned erroneous operation is performed, the second proper balance relationship is set, and the drive torque of the threshing device 10 and the rotational speed of the engine 14 are set in the torque range having the second proper balance relationship. Since the vehicle speed is automatically changed to maintain the grain within the above-mentioned speed range, it is possible to reap each grain culm efficiently and with as little waste of engine power and threshing processing capacity as possible. Summer. To explain in more detail, in general, when the harvesting of grain culm row a is completed as shown in FIG. Since the actual situation is that the aircraft is moved backward and the traveling device 13 is stopped, and the first appropriate balance relationship is set at that time, by setting the second appropriate balance relationship as described above, and By setting the first appropriate balance relationship with priority, engine power and threshing capacity are not wasted as much as possible, regardless of whether the operation is correct or incorrect, and regardless of the grain culm conditions. It has become possible to perform efficient and good threshing processing while making effective use of the grain and without interrupting work due to erroneous operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the combine harvester according to the present invention, with Fig. 1 being a schematic side view, Fig. 2 being a schematic diagram of the transmission system, Fig. 3 being a block diagram of the control system, and Fig. 4 showing the first balance. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the torque range and speed range set by the setting device, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the torque range and speed range set by the second balance setting device, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the reaping mode. 10... threshing device, 13... traveling device, 14...
... Engine, 17 ... Transmission device, 19 ... Threshing clutch, 24 ... Torque detection device, 25 ... Rotation speed detection device, 26 ... Vehicle speed detection device, 28 ...
Reference torque setting device, 29, 38...Balance relationship setting device, N...Rotational speed, _N0 , _n0 ...Reference rotational speed, T...Torque, _T0 ...Reference torque,
△N...Speed interval, △T...Torque interval, N ₁ ~
N ₄ , n ₁ to n ₄ ... rotation speed range, T ₁ to _{T 4} ... torque range.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device 25 for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 14 that drives the threshing device 10 and the traveling device 13, and a device 2 for detecting the driving torque T of the threshing device 10.
4. A device 26 for detecting vehicle speed and a device 28 for setting reference threshing drive torque T are provided, and
When the vehicle speed is zero or close to zero, the threshing device 1
0 drive torque T is less than or equal to a set value, and the rotational speed N of the engine 14 is greater than or equal to the set value.
Based on the detection of the setting state and a second setting state in which the threshing clutch 19 is engaged, and the first setting state is given priority over the second setting state,
Engine rotation speed N ₀ or
Multiple engine speed ranges N ₁ , N ₂ , divided at set speed intervals △N toward low speeds with n ₀ as a reference.
N ₃ , N ₄ or n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ , n ₄ and a plurality of threshing drives partitioned at set torque intervals △T into increasing and decreasing directions based on the reference threshing drive torque T ₀ A balance relationship setting device 29 that automatically sets an appropriate balance relationship between the torque ranges T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , and T ₄ so that the larger the torque range, the larger the speed range. , 38 are provided, and the drive torque T of the threshing device 10 and the rotation speed N of the engine 14 are set by the balance relationship setting device
The vehicle speed is automatically increased or decreased based on the information from each of the detection devices 24, 25, and 26 so as to maintain the vehicle speed within the torque range and speed range that have an appropriate balance relationship set by 9 and 38. A combine harvester characterized by being equipped with a control mechanism.