JPS6350614B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device configured to send a vaporized or atomized liquid fuel or a mixed gas flow of gas fuel and air to a burner head and combust it there. This is the purpose.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a rotary vaporization type liquid fuel combustion device. In the figure, 1 is a cylindrical burner case, 2 is a burner case lid that also serves to fix the burner, and 3 is a cylindrical combustion tube. The cylinders 3 are connected in this order, and the combustion cylinder 3 and burner case 1 are connected via heat-resistant packing, respectively. Reference numeral 4 denotes a motor fixed to the lower part of the burner case 1 via a cushioning material 5 such as packing, and one end of the motor shaft 6 protrudes into the burner case 1 and extends to a position close to the combustion tube 3. Further, an air intake port 7 is provided on the side of the burner case 1. 8
is a turbo fan installed and fixed in the middle of the motor shaft 6 in the burner case 1, and the turbo fan 8
are provided in multiple stages, two stages in the figure, and a guide blade 9 fixed to the burner case 1 is provided on the discharge side of each turbo fan 8. A blowing chamber 10 is formed by a combination of the turbo fan 8 and the guide blades 9, and the static pressure can be increased by increasing the number of stages in the combination. Reference numeral 11 denotes a partition plate fixed to the burner case 1 at an appropriate distance from the final stage guide vane 9. A relatively large primary air inlet 12 through which the motor shaft 6 passes is provided in the center of the partition plate, and a small primary air inlet 12 is provided at the periphery of the partition plate. In addition to providing several secondary air intake ports 13, a plurality of protruding fixing feet 15 are provided at the peripheral edge of the partition plate 11 with appropriate gaps 14, and here the burner case 1 is fixed. Between the guide vane 9 at the final stage and the partition plate 11 is a flow division chamber 16, and the draft air that has passed through the guide vane 9 at the final stage is divided into two parts in the division chamber 16, one of which is connected to the partition plate 11. The other air passes through the primary air inlet 12 of the partition plate 11 and becomes primary air, and the other passes through the secondary air inlet 13 of the partition plate 11 and becomes secondary air. 17 is a substantially cylindrical air cylinder installed in the space on the leeward side of the partition plate 11 inside the burner case 2;
It is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity such as aluminum die casting, and a sheathed heater 18 is embedded in the peripheral wall near the end near the partition plate 11. One end of this vaporizing cylinder 17 is attached to the partition plate 11 via a heat insulating packing, and the other end is in close contact with the periphery of the opening of the drawn burner case lid 2 via a heat insulating packing. The internal space of this vaporizing cylinder 17 is a vaporizing chamber 19 communicating with the primary air inlet 12, and the space between the vaporizing cylinder 17 and the burner case lid 2 is a secondary air chamber 20 communicating with the secondary air inlet 13. ing. Motor shaft 6 protruding into vaporization chamber 19
A conical cone 21, a disk-shaped swinging plate 22, and an agitating blade 23 having an umbrella-shaped cut-and-raised blade are attached to the tip end with a fixing nut in the above-mentioned order. The conical cone 21 has a gentle conical shape with a diameter increasing toward the tip end of the motor shaft. Further, the stirring blade 23 located on the tip side of the swinging plate 20 is provided with a cut-and-raised blade such that a part of the flat surface of the disk becomes a tapered surface. It is designed to surround the outer periphery of the swinging plate 22. The heater 18 is installed in the peripheral wall of the vaporizing cylinder 17 that forms the outer periphery of these.
is located. 24 is a liquid fuel supply pipe,
Liquid fuel (kerosene) from a pump (not shown) passes through it, and is guided slightly above the motor shaft 6 through a flow dividing chamber 16, where it is bent into an inverted U-shape, and its tip opening is shaped like a cone. cone 21
and is located close to the corner of the joint with the swing-off plate 22. Primary air inlet 1 of partition plate 11
The outer circumferential portion of No. 2 is tapered so as to slightly protrude into the vaporization chamber 19. Reference numeral 25 denotes a burner head fixedly attached near the opening at the tip of the vaporizing tube 17 facing the combustion tube 3, and will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the burner head 25 is constructed by stacking and bonding a head body 26, a pressure equalizing plate 27, a plurality of stacked porous flame hole plates 28, and a presser plate 29 in the above order. It is inserted into the vaporization tube 17 at the point where it comes into contact with the inner surface of the vaporization tube 17 and is bolted. The tip of the vaporization tube 17 becomes a heat recovery section 30 heated by the combustion flame F. The head body 26 is made of aluminum die casting or the like, and includes an outer ring portion 31, a central boss portion 32,
It is composed of a plurality of arm parts 33 that connect the outer ring part 31 and the central boss part 32, and a through opening 34 is formed between each arm part 33. The central boss portion 32 is provided with a secondary air injection port 35 that opens toward the central axis of the combustion tube 3. In order to introduce secondary air from the secondary air chamber 20 to the secondary air injection port 35, a secondary air passage 3 is provided in each arm portion 33.
6 is provided, and a secondary air passage 37 is also provided in a part of the vaporization cylinder 17 facing thereto. Therefore, the secondary air in the secondary air chamber 20 passes through the secondary air passages 37 and 36 and is discharged from the secondary air outlet 35. Since a ring-shaped flange portion 36 is provided on the back side edge of the outer peripheral surface of the head body 26, the burner head 25
When fixed in the carburetor cylinder 17, a ring-shaped air pocket 39 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the head body 26 and the inner circumferential surface of the vaporizer cylinder 17, and the secondary air chamber 20
A plurality of secondary air passages from to the secondary air outlet 35 communicate with each other midway. The pressure equalizing plate 27 has a central boss portion 3 of the head body 26 in the center.
2 is fitted into the central opening 40 and has a diameter slightly larger than that of the central boss portion 32, and has a plurality of relatively large through holes 41 arranged in an annular manner on the outer periphery of the central opening 40. For each through-hole 41, a plurality of small through-holes 42 are similarly arranged in an annular shape. Furthermore, through-holes 41 and 4 in the pressure equalizing plate 27, particularly in the portion facing the ignition electrode to be described later.
2 is a collection of small through holes 42a whose opening area is smaller than other parts, and the portion of the pressure equalizing plate 27 where these large and small through holes 41, 42, 42a are located faces the through opening 34 of the head body 26. Positioned as follows. The plurality of porous flame hole plates 28 have central boss portions 32 of the head body 26 in the center.
It is necessary to provide a central opening 43 that exactly fits into the opening 43, and to maintain good air permeability as a whole even when a plurality of sheets are stacked one on top of the other. For example, when the flame hole plate 28 is constructed of wire mesh, the meshes are set at an appropriate angle (for example, 45 degrees) so that they do not intersect at right angles, and are successively overlapped to maintain good ventilation as a whole. The presser plate 29 is attached to the central boss portion 32 of the central head body 26.
It has a central opening 44 into which the flame opening 44 is fitted, and on its outer periphery there are provided flame openings 46 divided into several, for example eight, flame openings 46 by dividing lines 45 extending radially from the outer periphery of the central opening. A rising edge 47 is formed at the periphery of the mouth 46 and projects forward. The holding plate 29 is positioned such that each flame port 46 faces one large ventilation hole 41 and a plurality of small ventilation holes 42 of the pressure equalization plate 27. The pressure equalizing plate 27, the porous flame hole plate 28, and the holding plate 29 are stacked one on top of the other, and their entire peripheral edges are joined together by spot welding or caulking, and the central opening is fitted into the central boss portion 32 of the head body 26. At the same time, the periphery of the secondary air outlet 35 of the central boss portion 32 is pushed out and fixed by caulking, thereby assembling the burner hatch 25. The vaporizer cylinder 1
A plurality of convex ribs 48 are provided in a ring shape at the end of the partition plate 7 and are closely fixed to the partition plate 11 via a gasket 49 having high heat resistance and sealing properties.

Furthermore, concave notches 50a and 50b are provided at the end of the combustion tube 3 side of the vaporization tube 17, and the burner head 2 is connected from a part of the combustion tube 3, respectively.
The ignition electrode 51 facing toward the burner head 25 and the flame rod 52 for combustion detection attached to a part of the combustion tube 3 so as to be located in the combustion flame F in front of the burner head 25 are prevented from coming into contact with each other. be.

In addition, numeral 53 shown in FIG. 2 is a thermo mounting part integrally formed on a part of the outer peripheral wall of the vaporizing cylinder 17, and 54 is a burner thermo mounted closely to the thermo mounting part 49, which is used to control the temperature of the burner part. be.

In the above configuration, when starting combustion, the sheathed heater 18 is first energized to heat the vaporization tube 17. When the temperature of the vaporization cylinder 17 rises to a set temperature sufficient to vaporize the liquid fuel, the burner thermometer 50 is turned on and the motor 4 is started. As the motor shaft 6 rotates, the turbo fan 8 and the cone 2
1. The swinging plate 22 and stirring blade 23 also rotate.
When the turbo fan 8 generates wind pressure, the combustion air flows from the air intake port 7 → inside the burner case 1 → the blowing chamber 10
The primary air is divided into two parts in the diversion chamber 16, one of which is the primary air that enters the vaporization chamber 19 through the primary air inlet 12, and the other is the secondary air that enters the secondary air chamber 20 through the secondary air inlet 13. It becomes air. On the other hand, the fuel pump operates and liquid fuel is supplied to the liquid fuel supply pipe 24.
It is supplied to the swing-off plate 22 through the swing-off plate 22, and is scattered toward the outer circumference at the outer peripheral end of the swing-off plate 22. At this time, the liquid fuel spreads out as a thin film-like oil surface, but is finely divided by the tapered cut and raised blades of the stirring blade 23 rotating on its outer periphery, and becomes fine particle atomized fuel to be filled in the vaporizer cylinder 17. It flies towards the inner surface.
Since the vaporization cylinder 17 has already been heated as described above, the atomized fuel instantly vaporizes and becomes vaporized fuel. On the other hand, since primary air is sent into the vaporization cylinder 17 from the primary air inlet 12, the vaporized fuel and primary air are mixed to form a mixed gas flow. The mixed gas flow flows from the through opening 34 of the head body 26 to the pressure equalizing plate 2.
It passes through the large and small through holes 40, 41, 42 of No. 7 → the porous flame hole plate 28 → the flame port 46 of the presser plate 29. Then, if you ignite it with the ignition electrode 56, the burner head 25
A blue fuel flame F is generated.

Here, the through hole 42a of the pressure equalizing plate 27 facing the position of the ignition electrode 51 has a smaller opening area than the other through holes 41, 42, so the amount of mixed gas passing therethrough is smaller than the other through holes. That is, the flow rate of the mixed gas is reduced only in the ignition portion, and the gas flow rate in the ignition discharge portion becomes uniform and gentle, creating an atmosphere that allows instant ignition. Therefore, the ignition is performed reliably. Experiments have also shown that when kerosene is burned, the _CO2 limit at ignition increases from 9% to 8%, making it possible to ignite in a cleaner manner.

The secondary air sent to the secondary air chamber 20 passes through the secondary air passage 37 that penetrates the vaporization chamber 17 and is stored in the air reservoir 39 before being transferred to the secondary air passage 36 of the head body 26. and is discharged from the secondary air outlet 35 in the center. The secondary air coming out of the secondary air outlet 35 is sent into the center of the combustion flame F in parallel with the combustion flame F. Therefore, the secondary air and the combustion flame are mixed smoothly and well. The combustion detection flame rod 52 detects that combustion is in progress by generating combustion flame F. Furthermore, the heat recovery section 30 of the vaporization tube 17 is heated by the combustion flame F, and the entire vaporization tube 17 is kept at a high temperature. Stop energizing the
Save electricity.

Figure 7 shows the combustion width by comparing CO ₂ and CO when kerosene is burned. Conventional example A, shown by the solid line, has a combustion width of only about 3 to 4%. However, in Example B of the present invention shown by the dotted line, the combustion width is expanded to about 6%. In the embodiment of the present invention, complete combustion occurs near the stoichiometric air amount.
Moreover, this means that it burns stably even in the presence of excess air.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the configuration for reducing the gas flow velocity in the ignition electrode portion, and in this embodiment, the through hole is a slit hole 42a' extending in the outer circumferential direction. According to this, even if the position of the ignition electrode 51 moves toward the outer circumference due to an error in component dimensions or an error in assembly, the ignition electrode discharge portion will always be located at a location facing the slit hole 42a'. , has the effect that reliable ignition can be expected.

9 to 11 show still another embodiment, in which a large opening 56 is provided in the pressure equalizing plate 27, and a plate 5 with a large number of small holes 57 covers the opening 56.
8 is attached to the back surface of the pressure equalizing plate. According to this, a space 59 is formed in the pressure equalizing plate 27 by the opening 56, and the gas flow from the small hole 57 flows through this space 5.
It is rapidly expanded in step 9, and the flow becomes more gradual and uniform, so that the ignition performance is further improved. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the through holes are formed with a large number of small holes 57 and are provided over a wide range.
At the same time as reducing the gas flow velocity, as in the case of the slit hole 42a' described above, there is also the effect that ignition can be expected reliably even if the ignition electrode is slightly misaligned. This is the same in the case of the pressure equalizing plate shown in Fig. 3, but if it is only for reducing the gas flow velocity, there may be one small through hole, and other methods are also possible.
Its configuration is not limited to that of the embodiment.

As described above, according to the present invention, reliable ignition can be expected even with a burner head formed by stacking a plurality of porous flame holes, and the exhaust gas at the time of ignition can be clean. Moreover, since a part of the burner head's flame port is used as the ignition flame port, the configuration becomes complicated, such as in the case where the ignition flame port is separated from the main flame port and is formed separately. It has great effects, such as not causing ignition errors due to insufficient flow rate reduction, and being able to provide products of high quality at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the vaporization cylinder with a cutaway, Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the burner head, and Fig. 4 is The same sectional view, Figure 5 is the same rear view, and Figure 6 is the same cross-sectional view.
7 is a characteristic diagram showing the combustion width, FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the pressure equalizing plate, and FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the burner head.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the same, and FIG. 11 is a back view of the same. 25...Burner head, 26...Head body, 27...Pressure equalization plate, 28...Porous flame hole plate, 2
9... Pressing plate, 41, 42, 42a... Through hole,
42a'...Slit hole, 51...Ignition electrode, 59
...Space department.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A burner head is formed by overlapping multiple porous plates and a pressure equalizing plate inside a presser plate that has a flame opening, and an ignition electrode is placed opposite to a part of the flame opening of this burner head; A combustion device in which a part of the pressure equalizing plate of the burner head is formed with a flow rate reducing part consisting of a group of small holes having a smaller opening area than the other part, and a part of the flame port is used as an ignition flame port.