JPS6351637B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6351637B2 JPS6351637B2 JP58070945A JP7094583A JPS6351637B2 JP S6351637 B2 JPS6351637 B2 JP S6351637B2 JP 58070945 A JP58070945 A JP 58070945A JP 7094583 A JP7094583 A JP 7094583A JP S6351637 B2 JPS6351637 B2 JP S6351637B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- speaker
- sound pressure
- bass speaker
- full surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
- H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
- H04R1/2884—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
- H04R1/2888—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure for loudspeaker transducers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は低音用スピーカをエンクロージヤのバ
ツフル面に取付けて成るスピーカ装置の改良に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a buttful surface of an enclosure.
第１図は従来のこの種の２ウエイスピーカ装置
を示し、１は直方体のエンクロージヤ、２はエン
クロージヤ１のバツフル面、３，４はバツフル面
２に取付けられた、それぞれ、低音用スピーカ、
高音用スピーカである。 FIG. 1 shows a conventional two-way speaker device of this type, in which 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped enclosure, 2 is a butt-full surface of the enclosure 1, and 3 and 4 are bass speakers attached to the butt-full surface 2, respectively;
This is a high-pitched speaker.
第２図は上記装置によつて放射される音波の、
バツフル面２の正面遠方での、音圧周波数特性を
示し、実線ａは総合特性であり、点線ｂ，ｃはそ
れぞれ低音用スピーカ３、高音用スピーカ４だけ
を駆動した時の特性である。 Figure 2 shows the sound waves emitted by the above device.
The sound pressure frequency characteristics are shown in the far front direction of the buff-full surface 2, where the solid line a is the overall characteristic, and the dotted lines b and c are the characteristics when only the bass speaker 3 and the treble speaker 4 are driven, respectively.
ところで、上記装置では、低音用スピーカ３を
駆動すると、エンクロージヤ１内に固有の共振、
すなわち、定在波が起こることが知られている。
この定在波は、低音用スピーカ３から放射される
音波の音圧特性に影響を与えてピークやデイツプ
を生じさせ、音質を劣化させる要因となる。この
定在波対策として、エンクロージヤ１の内壁に吸
音材を貼つているが、それでも、第２図に示した
特性ｂのように、低音用スピーカ３の再生帯域に
乱れが生じている。 By the way, in the above device, when the bass speaker 3 is driven, a unique resonance occurs within the enclosure 1.
In other words, it is known that standing waves occur.
This standing wave affects the sound pressure characteristics of the sound waves radiated from the bass speaker 3, causing peaks and dips, and becomes a factor in deteriorating the sound quality. As a countermeasure against this standing wave, a sound absorbing material is pasted on the inner wall of the enclosure 1, but even so, disturbances occur in the reproduction band of the bass speaker 3, as shown in characteristic b shown in FIG.
そして、エンクロージヤ１のような直方体の閉
じた音場で起こる固有の共振周波数frは次式のと
おりであることも知られている。 It is also known that the unique resonance frequency f r that occurs in a rectangular closed sound field such as the enclosure 1 is expressed by the following equation.
ここで、Ｃは音速、Ｈ、Ｗ、Ｄは直方体音場の
上下、左右、前後各方向の寸法、nH、nW、nDは
Ｈ、Ｗ、Ｄに対応した定在波のモードを表わす整
数（０、１、２、……）である。 Here, C is the speed of sound, H, W, and D are the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal dimensions of the rectangular parallelepiped sound field, and n H , n W , and n D are the modes of the standing waves corresponding to H, W, and D. It is an integer (0, 1, 2, . . .) representing the value.
上記(1)式で計算できるように、エンクロージヤ
内の一辺が音波の波長の半分、その整数倍になる
一方向のみのモード（nH、nW、nDのうち二つが０
−このモードは軸モードと呼ばれる）、さらに、
二方向以上のモードが重なり合うモード（nH、
nW、nDのうちの二つ以上が０でない）が形成さ
れる周波数で定在波が多数生ずる。それらは最大
辺長が半波長になる周波数を最低として順次生ず
ることになる。たとえば、第１図に示したよう
に、上下方向の寸法が一番大きいエンクロージヤ
では、最低の固有共振周波数frはｃ／2Hとなる。
すなわち、nH＝１、nW＝nD＝０である。 As can be calculated using equation (1) above, a mode in only one direction where one side of the enclosure is half the wavelength of the sound wave and an integral multiple thereof (two of n H , n W , n D are 0
- this mode is called axial mode), and furthermore,
A mode in which modes in two or more directions overlap (n H ,
A large number of standing waves are generated at frequencies where two or more of n W and n D are not 0). They occur sequentially with the lowest frequency having a maximum side length of half a wavelength. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the enclosure with the largest vertical dimension, the lowest natural resonant frequency f r is c/2H.
That is, n H =1, n W =n D =0.
また、(1)式で表わされる周波数で定在波が生ず
る場合には、エンクロージヤ内の音圧または粒子
速度分布が固有な分布となることも知られてお
り、第３図に一方向のみのモード（軸モード）に
関する１〜３次の分布例を示す。同図の横軸は距
離で両端がエンクロージヤの端面に相当し、縦軸
は音圧または粒子速度の最大値で規準化した値で
あり、実線、点線はそれぞれ音圧、粒子速度を表
わし、特性ａ，ｂ，ｃの順に軸モードの１次、２
次、３次の分布である。これらは閉止音響管と同
等の分布を示しており、音圧分布をみると、１次
では一辺の中心に、２次では両端から一辺の1/4
の位置に、３次では中心と両端から一辺の1/6の
位置に節（音圧０）が存在する。 It is also known that when a standing wave is generated at the frequency expressed by equation (1), the sound pressure or particle velocity distribution within the enclosure becomes a unique distribution. An example of first to third order distribution regarding the mode (axial mode) is shown. In the figure, the horizontal axis is distance, and both ends correspond to the end faces of the enclosure, and the vertical axis is the value normalized by the maximum value of sound pressure or particle velocity, and the solid line and dotted line represent sound pressure and particle velocity, respectively. Characteristics a, b, c in the order of the 1st and 2nd order of the axial modes.
This is a third-order distribution. These have a distribution similar to that of a closed acoustic tube, and looking at the sound pressure distribution, the first order is centered on one side, and the second order is from both ends to 1/4 of the side.
In the third order, nodes (sound pressure 0) exist at positions 1/6 of one side from the center and both ends.
定在波対策として、第３図の定在波モードを考
慮した方法もとられる。すなわち、定在波音圧モ
ードの節の位置に低音用スピーカを取付ける方法
で、低音用スピーカの中心を音圧モードの節にほ
ぼ一致させれば、そのモードを発生させる定在波
は励起されない。これを第１図についていえば、
低音用スピーカ３をバツフル面２の中央に取付け
れば、エンクロージヤ１の上下、左右各方向の中
心に低音用スピーカ３があるので、第３図ａの１
次モード（nH＝１、nW＝１）を発生させるそれ
ぞれの周波数で定在波は励起されないことにな
る。また、第３図ｃのように、３次モード、さら
には、それ以上の奇数次のモードでも中央に音圧
の節があるので、それらの定在波も励起されない
ことになる。第３図ｂの２次モード、それ以上の
偶数次のモードについても、上記と同様なことが
いえる。 As a countermeasure against standing waves, a method that takes into consideration the standing wave mode shown in FIG. 3 is also taken. That is, by attaching a bass speaker at the node of the standing wave sound pressure mode, if the center of the bass speaker is made to approximately coincide with the node of the sound pressure mode, the standing wave that generates that mode will not be excited. Regarding this in Figure 1,
If the bass speaker 3 is installed in the center of the flat surface 2, the bass speaker 3 will be located at the center of the enclosure 1 in the vertical, horizontal, and horizontal directions.
Standing waves will not be excited at the respective frequencies that generate the next modes (n H =1, n W =1). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3c, since there is a sound pressure node in the center of the third-order mode and even higher odd-order modes, these standing waves are not excited either. The same thing can be said about the second-order mode shown in FIG. 3b and even-numbered modes beyond that.
しかし、第１図の低音用スピーカ３は、第３図
のモード図でいえばその左、右どちらか一端にあ
り、エンクロージヤ１内に前後（奥行）方向に起
こる定在波に対してはその音圧モードの腹の位置
を駆動するものである。 However, the bass speaker 3 shown in FIG. 1 is located at either the left or right end in the mode diagram shown in FIG. This is to drive the position of the antinode of the sound pressure mode.
従来装置には、上記のように、エンクロージヤ
の前後方向の定在波が必らず励起されてしまい、
それにより音圧特性に乱れが生ずるという欠点が
ある。 As mentioned above, in conventional devices, standing waves in the front and rear directions of the enclosure are always excited.
This has the disadvantage that the sound pressure characteristics are disturbed.
本発明は、従来装置の上記のような欠点を除去
することを目的とし、このため、エンクロージヤ
を、バツフル面、左、右側板、天板、底板、裏板
から成り、左、右両側板がバツフル面に対し内側
に傾斜し、これにより、その水平横断面が台形を
なし、その内寸の上辺（裏板）WS、下辺（バツ
フル面）WL、高さ（奥行）ＤがWs＜WL、Ｄ≧
（Ws＋WL）／４であるものとし、かつ、そのバ
ツフル面の左右方向の中央部に低音用スピーカを
取付けるものである。 The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional device, and for this purpose, the enclosure consists of a buttful surface, left and right side plates, a top plate, a bottom plate, and a back plate. is inclined inward with respect to the full surface, so that its horizontal cross section forms a trapezoid, and its internal dimensions are W S on the upper side (back plate), W L on the lower side (Full surface), and height (depth) D as W. s ＜ WL , D≧
(W s +W L )/4, and a bass speaker is attached to the left-right center of the flat surface.
第４図は本発明の一実施例を示し、ａは正面
図、ｂはａの−に沿つた水平横断面図、１〜
３は第１図におけると同じく、それぞれ、エンク
ロージヤ、バツフル面、低音用スピーカ、５ａは
左側板、５ｂは右側板、５ｃは天板、５ｄは底
板、６は裏板であるが、左側板５ａ、右側板５
ｂ、はバツフル面２の左、右各端に内側に傾斜し
て接合され、これにより、エンクロージヤ１は、
第４図ｂに明らかなように、
(イ) その水平横断面が台形をなし、
(ロ) その台形の内寸の上辺（裏板６での長さ）
Ws、下辺（バツフル面２での長さ）WL、高さ
（奥行）ＤがWs＜WL、Ｄ≧（Ws＋WL）／４で
あり、
(ハ) その台形の下辺、すなわち、バツフル面２の
中央部に低音用スピーカ３を取付けている、
ものである。従来、上記(イ)のように、エンクロー
ジヤの壁面を傾斜させたものは存在するが、本発
明は、上記目的のため、さらに上記(ロ)、(ハ)のとお
り、エンクロージヤの寸法、低音用スピーカの取
付位置を限定するものである。 FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a front view, b is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along - of a, and 1 to 4.
As in Fig. 1, 3 is an enclosure, a full surface, a bass speaker, 5a is a left side plate, 5b is a right side plate, 5c is a top plate, 5d is a bottom plate, and 6 is a back plate. 5a, right side plate 5
b is joined to the left and right ends of the full surface 2 in an inwardly inclined manner, thereby making the enclosure 1
As is clear from Figure 4b, (a) its horizontal cross section forms a trapezoid, and (b) the upper side of the inner dimension of the trapezoid (length at the back plate 6).
W s , the lower side (length on the full surface 2) W L , and the height (depth) D are W s < W L , D≧(W s + W L )/4, and (c) the lower side of the trapezoid, That is, the bass speaker 3 is attached to the center of the flat surface 2. Conventionally, there are enclosures in which the walls of the enclosure are inclined as in (a) above, but for the above purpose, the present invention further improves the dimensions of the enclosure as in (b) and (c) above. This limits the mounting position of the bass speaker.
一般に、スピーカをある定在波の音圧モードの
腹が形成される付近に取付けると、その定在波周
波数前後で音場はスピーカの振動板に大きな力
（音圧）を加えることになり、前記のとおり、ス
ピーカの音圧特性は大きく乱される。これに対
し、上記実施例では、エンクロージヤ１内の音場
に生ずる、第１図の従来装置の直方体状エンクロ
ージヤの前後方向の１次に相当する定在波は、第
４図ｂに示した点線７を音圧の節とするようなモ
ードを形成する。これは左、右側板５ａ，５ｂが
バツフル面に対し内側に傾斜し、上記(イ)、(ロ)のと
おりとなつているために形成されるものであり、
そのモードの腹、すなわち、音圧の高いところは
裏板６の中央部付近とバツフル面２の左、右両端
付近となる。したがつて、上記(ハ)のとおり、バツ
フル面２の中央部に取付けられている低音用スピ
ーカ３の振動板に加えらる音圧は比較的低く、そ
れによる低音用スピーカ３の音圧特性の乱れは少
ない。 Generally, when a speaker is installed near the antinode of the sound pressure mode of a certain standing wave, the sound field will apply a large force (sound pressure) to the speaker's diaphragm around the frequency of that standing wave. As mentioned above, the sound pressure characteristics of the speaker are greatly disturbed. On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the standing wave corresponding to the first order in the front-rear direction of the rectangular parallelepiped enclosure of the conventional device shown in FIG. 1, which occurs in the sound field inside the enclosure 1, is shown in FIG. 4b. A mode is formed in which the dotted line 7 is the node of sound pressure. This is because the left and right side plates 5a and 5b are inclined inward with respect to the buttful surface, as shown in (a) and (b) above.
The antinode of the mode, that is, the area where the sound pressure is high, is near the center of the back plate 6 and near both the left and right ends of the buff-full surface 2. Therefore, as mentioned in (c) above, the sound pressure applied to the diaphragm of the bass speaker 3 attached to the central part of the flat surface 2 is relatively low, and the sound pressure characteristics of the bass speaker 3 are due to this. There is little disturbance.
なお、上記実施例では、エンクロージヤ３の
上、下の天板、底板が平行であるので、上下方向
の定在波が従来装置の直方体状エンクロージヤと
同様に起こるが、第１図の従来装置について前記
したように、低音用スピーカ３の取付位置を上下
方向の定在波の音圧モードの節の位置ともするこ
とによつて、その対策とすることができる。 In the above embodiment, since the upper and lower top plates and bottom plates of the enclosure 3 are parallel, standing waves in the vertical direction occur in the same way as in the rectangular parallelepiped enclosure of the conventional device, but in the conventional device shown in FIG. As described above regarding the device, this problem can be taken as a countermeasure by making the mounting position of the bass speaker 3 also the position of the node of the sound pressure mode of the vertical standing wave.
以上のように、本発明によれば、低音用スピー
カをエンクロージヤのバツフル面に取付けて成る
スピーカ装置を、エンクロージヤの前後方向に生
ずる定在波の影響が小さく、したがつて、低音用
スピーカの音圧特性の乱れが少なく、ひいて、そ
れによる音質の劣化も少ないものとすることがで
きる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to the butt-full surface of an enclosure is less affected by standing waves generated in the front-rear direction of the enclosure, and therefore can be used as a bass speaker. There is less disturbance in the sound pressure characteristics, and as a result, there is less deterioration in sound quality.
第１図は従来のスピーカ装置を示す斜視図、第
２図は第１図示のものの音圧周波数特性を示す
図、第３図ａ〜ｃは定在波周波数時の音圧と粒子
速度の、それぞれ、１次〜３次のモードを示す
図、第４図は本発明の一実施例を示し、ａは正面
図、ｂはａの−に沿つた水平横断面図であ
る。
１……エンクロージヤ、２……バツフル面、３
……低音用スピーカ、５ａ……左側板、５ｂ……
右側板。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional speaker device, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing sound pressure frequency characteristics of the speaker device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 a to c show sound pressure and particle velocity at standing wave frequencies. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a front view, and b is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along - of a. 1...Enclosure, 2...Bullet surface, 3
...Bass speaker, 5a...Left side plate, 5b...
right side board.
Claims (1)
面に取付けて成るスピーカ装置において、エンク
ロージヤを、バツフル面、左、右側板、天板、底
板、裏板から成り、左、右両側板がバツフル面に
対して内側に傾斜し、これにより、水平横断面が
台形をなし、その内寸の上辺（裏板）Ws、下辺
（バツフル面）WL、高さ（奥行）ＤがWs＜WL、
Ｄ≧（Ws＋WL）／４であるものとし、かつ、低
音用スピーカをバツフル面の左右方向の中央部に
取付けたことを特徴とするスピーカ装置。 ２ 低音用スピーカの取付位置がエンクロージヤ
内に上下方向に生ずる定在波の音圧モードの節の
位置でもあることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載のスピーカ装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a butt-full surface of an enclosure, wherein the enclosure is made up of a butt-full surface, left and right plates, a top plate, a bottom plate, and a back plate, with both left and right sides. The board is inclined inward with respect to the full surface, so that the horizontal cross section forms a trapezoid, and its internal dimensions are the top side (back board) W s , the bottom side (bottom side) W L , and the height (depth) D. Ws < WL ,
A speaker device, characterized in that D≧(W s + W L )/4, and a bass speaker is attached to the center of a flat surface in the left-right direction. 2. The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting position of the bass speaker is also a node position of a sound pressure mode of a standing wave generated vertically within the enclosure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094583A JPS59196693A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094583A JPS59196693A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59196693A JPS59196693A (en) | 1984-11-08 |
| JPS6351637B2 true JPS6351637B2 (en) | 1988-10-14 |
Family
ID=13446144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094583A Granted JPS59196693A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59196693A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10688931B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2020-06-23 | Donnelly Corporation | Extended field of view exterior mirror element for vehicle |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005311988A (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2005-11-04 | Onkyo Corp | Speaker system |
| JP2008131199A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-06-05 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Speaker system |
-
1983
- 1983-04-22 JP JP7094583A patent/JPS59196693A/en active Granted
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JOURNAL OF THE AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY=1981 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10688931B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2020-06-23 | Donnelly Corporation | Extended field of view exterior mirror element for vehicle |
| US11628773B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2023-04-18 | Donnelly Corporation | Method for forming a reflective element for a vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59196693A (en) | 1984-11-08 |
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