JPS6353478B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electric detonator with an electric delayed ignition device. A time delay device has long been used as a time delay device for electric detonators, and it sets the time delay based on the burning speed and length of the gunpowder, and is known to be able to set the time delay with considerable accuracy. However, with recent changes in blasting methods, it has become possible to increase the blasting effect by using electric detonators with high time accuracy. is becoming necessary. In 1977, the special public interest detonator was introduced as an electric detonator with an electric delay device instead of the conventional time delay device using a time delay device.
No. 23887 is known. This delay ignition device is composed of a delay circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, a switching circuit consisting of a switch diode and a thyristor driven by the output of the delay circuit, and a bridge or gap ignition element. However, it is impossible to simultaneously fire a large number of electric detonators in series using this delayed ignition device. Therefore, Japanese Patent Application No. 10942/1983 has been proposed as an electrical time delay device to enable multiple simultaneous firings in series. This is an energy storage capacitor installed in parallel between two power supply lines, and when multiple bursts are fired in series, the electrical energy is first transferred from the energy supply device, that is, the blaster. By storing it in a storage capacitor, it can be safely detonated even if energy is not supplied due to the impact during blasting. However, the specification of this patent application does not particularly mention the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor, and only states that a condition of 100 to 1000 times the capacity of the time delay capacitor is preferable. Therefore, this storage capacitor may have a large capacity, but in such a case, if it is incorporated into an actual electric detonator, this capacitor will occupy a large volume, which is inconvenient. In addition, if a large number of blasters are to be fired simultaneously, the power capacity of the energy supply device (blasting device) must also be increased, making it easier to carry around like a conventional blaster. There were some flaws that shouldn't have happened. Therefore, in order to eliminate this drawback, the inventors decided to increase the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor C ₀
As a result of various tests to find the lowest limit of (μF), the relationship between the capacitance C ₀ (μF) of this capacitor and the voltage E (V) applied across the capacitor is 160×C ₀ ^-0.684. It has been found that if the above conditions are met, an ignition element having an ignition resistance wire can be ignited. Figure 1 shows the experimental results showing the relationship between the capacitor capacitance C ₀ (μF) and the voltage E (V) at both ends.As can be seen from this result, all of the ○ marks in the figure fire It can be seen that if the x mark is the point where all the cells fail to fire, and it is above the curve of E=160×C ₀ ^-0.684 , all the cells will fire. However, even if it is above this curve, if the capacitance C ₀ of the capacitor is large, the volume will increase accordingly, and if the voltage E becomes large, the supply voltage on the blaster side needs to be made high; In terms of capacitance and voltage, C ₀ is preferably 100 μF or less in order to reduce the volume.
From the point of lowering the supply voltage, C ₀ when E is below 30V.
It is better to set it to 10μF or more. That is, in this invention, a time delay circuit consisting of a timer and a switching element that conducts with the output of the timer is provided, and a current is caused to flow through the ignition resistance wire through the switching element, and the operating power of the time delay circuit is controlled by the current and the operating power of the time delay circuit. It is configured to be supplied from an energy storage capacitor, and in particular, the relationship between the capacitance C ₀ (μF) of the energy storage capacitor and the voltage E (V) applied across the capacitor is such that E is 160×C ₀ ^-0.684 or more. It is characterized in that the capacity Co is selected so that .
More preferably, the above relationship is satisfied and the capacitor capacitance C ₀ (μF) is 10 to 100 μF. The energy storage capacitor used in this invention may be any commercially available capacitor with the above-mentioned capacity, but electrolytic capacitors (aluminum or tantalum) are mainly suitable; A smaller volume is better. Further, the timer in the time delay circuit is a so-called analog timer consisting of a time constant circuit consisting of a time delay capacitor and a time delay resistor, and a trigger circuit that generates a trigger when its output reaches a predetermined value.
A digital timer can be used to count the clocks. Among these, in analog timers, using a programmable unidirectional transistor (PUT) in the trigger circuit makes it easier to set the delay time and is more preferable in terms of obtaining accuracy in seconds. Next, as a switching element in the delay circuit,
A thyristor with a rated current of 1A or more or a power transistor can be used, preferably one with low leakage current. The resistance wire for ignition is preferably platinum wire or nichrome wire, which are used in ordinary electric detonators, and the resistance value should be about 1Ω. Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figure 2 shows the configuration of this invention as a block, where timer 1 is connected to energy supply terminal 1.
A series circuit consisting of a switching element 2 connected between terminals 1 and 12 and made conductive by the output of timer 1 and an ignition resistance wire 3 is connected between terminals 11 and 12, and a series circuit is connected between terminals 11 and 12, and power is supplied to timer 1 and ignition resistance wire 3. The energy storage capacitor 13 that supplies
connected between. A time delay circuit 14 is constituted by the timer 1 and the switching element 2. Electrical energy is supplied from a blaster (not shown) through terminals 11 and 12 and stored in a capacitor 13. Next, timer 1 is activated by that signal, and when the set time of timer 1 has elapsed, a trigger signal is input to switching element 2, which becomes conductive and the ignition electric energy stored in capacitor 13 is passed through switching element 2. It flows into the ignition resistance wire 3 and causes the ignition part to generate heat, leading to ignition. FIG. 3 shows a case where the timer 1 of the delay circuit 14, which is a component of the present invention, is configured in an analog system. That is, a time constant circuit 17 consisting of a time delay resistor 15 and a time delay capacitor 16 connected in series.
is connected across the capacitor 13, and the resistor 15
and the connection point of the capacitor 16 is connected to the anode of a programmable union transistor (PUT) 18, whose gate is connected to the terminals 11 and 12 through adjustment resistors 19 and 21, respectively, and whose cathode is connected to the switching element 2. It is connected to a certain thyristor 22. A trigger circuit 23 is configured by the PUT 18 and resistors 19 and 21. When the voltage of capacitor 16 reaches a predetermined value, PUT1
8 conducts and the thyristor 22 is triggered. FIG. 4 shows a case where the timer 1, which is a component of the present invention, is constructed in a digital manner. That is, the electrical energy stored in the capacitor 13 is released through the thyristor 22 as in the analog system, but a Zener diode 25 is connected across the capacitor 13 through a resistor 24 to obtain a constant voltage, which is then applied to the oscillation circuit. The voltage is applied to the built-in time base module 26 and counter 27 to operate them, and a reference time signal, so-called clock, is generated from the time base module 26, and the clock is counted by the counter 27. When this clock counts the set number, The transistor 28 is made conductive and the trigger signal obtained at its emitter resistor 29 triggers the thyristor 22 . FIG. 5 shows an example of the structure of the electric detonator of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view. A leg wire 31 consisting of core wires 11 and 12 constituting two terminals is connected in parallel with an energy storage capacitor 13. and delay circuit 14
The embolus 32 is fixed by fixing it with synthetic resin etc.
shall be. Furthermore, a platinum wire 3 for ignition is attached to the inner end of the embolus 32.
is attached, an ignition ball 33 is glued thereon, and a coating 34 is further applied. capacitor 13, delay circuit 14,
The platinum wire 3 is connected as shown in FIG. An inner tube 38 loaded with a charge 36 and a primer 37 is inserted into the tube 35, and the tube 35 is plugged with an embolus 32 with the platinum wire 3 facing the primer 37. FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which an energy storage capacitor 13 is connected in parallel to a leg wire 31 consisting of two core wires 11 and 12 outside the electric detonator, and a time delay circuit 14 is built in. is molded from synthetic resin or the like to form an embolus 32, a platinum wire 3 is attached to the inner end of the embolus, and an ignition powder cup 4 having an ignition powder 39 is formed.
1 is connected to an embolus 32 so that the platinum wire 3 is located inside, and the tube body 35 is plugged with the embolus 32. The built-in time delay circuit 14 used here may be one in which each individual element is connected by soldering.
If it is too large to fit inside the electric detonator, it can be made smaller by using a monolithic construction method or by configuring it as a hybrid IC. Examples of this invention will be described below. Example 1 When using a commercially available electrolytic capacitor as the energy storage capacitor 13, its capacity and size are issues. Therefore, for typical electrolytic capacitors on the market, the present invention's E≧160×
The sizes that satisfy C ₀ ^-0.684 are shown. Therefore, the size of the electric detonator becomes a problem when incorporating these commercially available capacitors into the electric detonator, but the inner diameter of the electric detonator currently manufactured is
6.2～

【table】

[Table] Since 6.5m/m is the standard, it can be seen that there is no problem as long as the capacitor capacity is 100μF or less. However, when it is installed externally, the diameter does not matter, so it may be larger than 100μF. Example 2 Aluminum electrolytic capacitor SHA100μF (WV10V) as energy storage capacitor 13,
(manufactured by Nippon Chemical Capacitor), the time delay capacitor 16 with a capacity of C ₁ and its resistance value shown in Table 2.
Using the resistor 15 for delaying _R1 , and using _the circuit shown in _FIG . Using what is shown in Table-2,
The time delay circuit 14 was constructed using 2P0M71 (manufactured by NEC Corporation) for the SCR 22, and the electric detonator shown in Fig. 5 was created. Here, the platinum wire 3 was 0.7Ω, and the ignition ball 33 was made of a Rodan lead-potassium chlorate composition. DDNP explosive powder was used as the initiator 37, and PETN was used as the additive 36, which were pressurized into the copper tube body 35.
Table 2 shows the results of measuring the ignition time of this electric detonator by varying the charging voltage E.

[Table] From this result, if E≧160×C ₀ ^-0.684 , the electric detonator will ignite, and the timing accuracy will be good. But E
It can be seen that below 160×C ₀ ^-0.684 , it does not fire, and even if it fires, it has the drawback that the accuracy of the time is not good. Example 3 An electric detonator was prototyped using the circuit shown in FIG. The energy storage capacitor 13 used here is a tantalum dip capacitor.
100μF, 470μF (WV16V, made by Matsuo Electric), constant voltage diode 25 (1S994), and time base module 26 (LQB made by Kyoto Ceramics)
STA), C-MOSIC counter 27 (Motorola MC14013B), trigger transistor 28
(2SC943), thyristor 22 (Hitachi CSM2A), and other resistances are set according to the circuit constants to configure the circuit, and as shown in Figure 6, the capacitor 1
3 was attached externally to serve as an electric detonator. The specifications of the electric detonator are almost the same as in Example 2, but the ignition ball 33
Instead of ignition powder 39. Table 3 shows the results of measuring the ignition time while varying the charging voltage E in the same way as Table 2. As can be seen from this result, E≧160×C ₀ ^-0.684
If so, you can see that it fires and has good timing accuracy.

[Table] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an electric detonator having a time delay circuit and an energy storage capacitor, in which the capacitor capacity is E≧
If used under the conditions of 160×C ₀ ^-0.684 , especially conditions close to the equal sign, it will be smaller than conventional detonators, easier to incorporate as an electric detonator, and the blaster will also be smaller than conventional ones. There is an advantage. Also, from the point of view of second accuracy, it can be seen that very stable results can be obtained under these conditions.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the ignition limit depending on voltage and capacitor capacity, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the electric detonator of this invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a time delay circuit using an analog method in the electric detonator of this invention. A circuit diagram showing an example, FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a time delay circuit configured using a digital method, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of an electric detonator according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing another example. 11, 12: Energy supply core wire, 13: Energy storage capacitor, 1: Timer, 2: Switching element, 3: Ignition resistance wire, 14: Time delay circuit, 15: Time delay resistor, 16: Time delay capacitor, 19, 21: Adjustment resistor, 23: Trigger circuit, 18: PUT, 22: Thyristor, 26:
Time base module, 27: C-MOSIC counter, 31: Leg line, 32: Embolus, 33: Ignition ball, 34: Coating, 35: Tube body, 36: Loading agent, 3
7: Explosive charge, 38: Inner tube, 39: Ignition powder, 41:
Ignition powder cup.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A time delay circuit comprising a timer and a switching element operated by the output of the timer, an ignition resistance wire to which the output of the time delay circuit is supplied, and an output of the time delay circuit to the ignition resistance wire. It is equipped with a capacitor that stores energy to supply the operating power of the time delay circuit, and the capacitance of the capacitor is
C ₀ (μF), the voltage applied to this capacitor is E
(V), an electric detonator whose capacity is selected so that E is 160×C ₀ ^-0.684 or more. 2. The electric detonator according to claim 1, wherein the capacitance of the capacitor is 10 to 100 μF. 3. The timer consists of a time constant circuit consisting of a time delay capacitor and a time delay resistor, and a trigger circuit driven by the output of the time constant circuit, and the trigger circuit operates when the output of the time constant circuit reaches a predetermined voltage. The electric detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constituted by a conductive programmable union transistor. 4. The electric detonator according to claim 1, wherein the timer is constituted by a digital timer circuit for counting clocks.