JPS6354110B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the shape and surface strength of holes drilled into the ground for constructing cast-in-place concrete piles, underground continuous walls, caissons, etc., including bottom-expanding shafts. It is.

In order to form underground concrete structures such as cast-in-place concrete piles, underground continuous walls, and caissons, including bottom-expanding shafts, their tips must be excavated into a predetermined shape for bearing capacity, and soft soil such as spilled soil or slime must be excavated. The absence of sediment is an important factor.

Conventionally, these methods have been used to measure the shape of the bottom of an excavation using a measuring tape, and to measure the horizontal shape by suspending an ultrasonic oscillation receiver and receiving the reflected waves. has been done. However, in the former method, since the measurements are taken after the excavator has been lifted up, confirmation of the true bottom surface shape is incomplete due to the earth and sand deposited during the excavator pull-up. In addition, for the latter method, it is necessary that the mud density in the hole is 1.20 g/cm ² or less, and the distance between the ultrasonic oscillation receiver and the borehole wall is 50 to 60 cm or less, but the bottom In the upper 1 meter or so, the mud density increases due to suspended soil particles that have settled before the start of measurement, making measurement impossible. This makes it difficult to suspend the ultrasonic terminal within a measurable distance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a measuring method and apparatus capable of detecting the slime surface in a borehole, its thickness, etc., and also measuring the shape of the borehole.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment using an articulated arm, and 1 to 3 are members configuring the arm, and angle detectors are installed between arm parts 1 and 2 and between 2 and 3, respectively. Built-in hinges 4 and 5 are provided,
A detection unit 7 is provided at the tip of the arm member 3 via a hinge 6 which also includes an angle detector. As shown in FIG. 4, the detection unit 7 is provided with two contact pressure detectors 8 and 9 and a penetration needle 10 with a penetration resistance detector. Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a device for fixing the measuring device, which is attached to the arm member 1. Reference numeral 12 is a wire for suspending the apparatus, reference numeral 13 is an excavation hole, reference numeral 14 is a stabilizing liquid, and reference numeral 15 is a cable for transmitting and receiving signals to and from a control device (minicomputer or microcomputer) on the ground.

In order to measure the shape of an excavated hole and the presence or absence of slime, etc. using the measuring device of this example, first, as shown in Fig. The measuring device is fixed by suspending it and activating the fixing device 11 by a signal from the ground through the cable 15. Then, as shown in Figure 2,
The hinge parts 4, 5, and 6 are rotated by a signal from the ground to bring the detector 7 at the tip of the arm closer to the surface of the excavation hole 13. At this time, the hinges 4, 5, and 6 send signals from the built-in angle detectors to the ground, and the ground controller adjusts the angles of the hinges 4, 5, and 6 so that the detection unit 7 travels on a predetermined suppression angle θ line. Control automatically. Next, the detection unit 7 detects the excavation hole 13 as shown in FIG.
When one of the contact pressure detectors 8 or 9 installed in the detection unit 7 detects a predetermined contact pressure, the hinge 6 becomes free, and the remaining contact pressure detectors also reach the predetermined contact pressure. When the contact pressure is detected, the rotation of the hinges 4, 5, and 6 is stopped and the arm is fixed.
At this time, the position of the detection part 7 at the tip of the arm is controlled based on the detection angle of each angle detector built in the hinges 4, 5, and 6, the length of the arm members 2 and 3, and the position of this measuring device. It is calculated and displayed on the device. Next, as shown in FIG.
The penetration needle 10 is sent out at a constant speed from inside the excavation hole 13, and the penetration depth and penetration resistance of the surface of the excavated hole 13 are measured by a built-in penetration resistance detector, and analyzed and displayed by a control device. Thereafter, the penetrating needle 10 is stored in the detection part 7, and the hinges 4, 5, and 6 are reversely rotated to contract the arm and stop.

Next, by changing the suppression angle θ, the position where the detection unit 7 contacts the surface of the excavation hole and the penetration resistance at that position are measured as described above. In this way, by repeating the same measurement while changing the suppression angle θ within the range of 90 degrees to -90 degrees, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the borehole 13 and the penetration resistance in the depth direction of each part can be measured. become. If the penetration resistance value is less than a predetermined value, it can be determined that slime or the like exists in that part, and if the penetration resistance value exceeds the predetermined value at a depth, it can be determined that the slime thickness is present.

Furthermore, the measuring device can be rotated around the axis with the fixing device 11 fixed, or the fixing device 11 may be once retracted, and then the fixing device 11 may be expanded again at a desired rotational position. By fixing this measuring device and repeating the above measurements, it is possible to sequentially measure the cross-sectional shape and penetration resistance of the excavated hole in the direction of rotation of the shaft.

All operations after this measuring device is fixed with the fixing device 11 are automatically controlled by the control device, and changes in the suppression angle θ are also automatically executed according to the value of θ that is input in advance to the control device. be done.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment using a polar coordinate type arm, 20 and 21 are arm members, and the tip of the arm member 20 has a hinge 2 with a built-in angle detector.
A guide member 24 is provided via the guide member 2.
4 can detect the sliding amount by sliding the arm member 21, and can also adjust the arm member 2 to any length.
1 can also be fixed. The tip of the arm member 21 is equipped with a detecting section 7 via a hinge 6 which has a built-in angle detector as in the first embodiment, and the detecting section 7 is equipped with two contact pressure detectors 8 and 9. A penetration needle with a penetration resistance detector is installed.

To use the measuring device of this embodiment, the arm member 20 is suspended with a wire or the like as shown in FIG. The surface position of the excavated hole and the penetration resistance value may be measured in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method of using the measuring device shown in the first embodiment by attaching it to the tip of an excavator, in which the measuring device 30 is installed in front (downward in the figure) or behind the tip of the excavator 25. It is attached to the excavator shaft by a guide member 24 so as to be able to do so.

According to this usage method, when drilling a hole, the measuring device 30 is stored behind the tip 25 of the excavator, and after drilling, the measuring device 30 is pushed forward than the tip 25 of the excavator, and the above-mentioned procedure is performed. Measure the borehole shape and penetration resistance.

Conventionally, the shape of the drill hole has been measured after the excavator has been lifted up; therefore, earth and sand accumulate while the excavator is being pulled up, making it difficult to accurately measure the shape of the bottom of the drill hole. However, according to the method shown in FIG. 6 using the measuring device of the present invention, the bottom surface shape can be measured within a short time after excavation, so it has the advantage that the measurement is accurate. There is.

FIG. 7 shows a usage method in which the measuring device 30 shown in the first embodiment is attached near the tip of the tremie tube 27 by the guide member 24. After the hole is excavated, the tremie pipe 27 is inserted into the excavated hole for concrete pouring.
0 to detect the presence or absence of slime at the bottom of the hole. If slime is present, it is discharged through the tremie tube 27, and after confirming with the measuring device 30 that the slime is gone, the measuring device 30 is pulled upward by the guide member 24 and stored, and the concrete is removed from the tremie tube 27. Carry out pouring.

Previously, in order to confirm whether slime had been completely removed, it was necessary to pull up the slime removal pipe from the borehole and then lower the slime detection cable again to measure the presence or absence of slime. It was hot. Therefore, since there is a considerable amount of time between slime removal and concrete pouring, there is a possibility that slime deposition will progress again during that time, and this detection method cannot be applied to all of the many excavated holes at a single work site. If applied, there is a problem that work efficiency will be significantly reduced. However, according to the method shown in FIG. 7 using the measuring device of the present invention,
Since concrete can be poured from the tremie pipe 27 immediately after confirming by the measuring device 30 that there is no slime, the above-mentioned problems in terms of reliability and work efficiency can be solved.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a method that is a further improvement of the method shown in FIG. The tremie tube 28 at the tip is connected by a bendable connecting part 29, and the direction of the tremie tube 28 is moved to the position 28' shown by the chain line by expanding and contracting the jack 31 that fixes the tremie tube.
The measuring device 30 is installed near the tip of the tremie tube 28, so that it can be changed freely as shown in FIG.

According to the method shown in FIG. 8, by changing the angle of the tremie tube 28, slime 32 can be removed and checked over a wider range than the method shown in FIG. 7, resulting in more reliable concrete placement. It becomes possible.

Although the above embodiment describes the case where there are two contact pressure detectors at the tip of the arm, there may be three or more contact pressure detectors. It goes without saying that the measuring device shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5 can also be used in the usage methods shown in FIGS. 6-8.

As described above, the present invention provides a penetration needle with a penetration resistance detector and a plurality of contact pressure detectors at the tip of an arm that is extendable and rotatable and is equipped with an angle detector, and a signal from the ground is transmitted to the arm. Move the tip in a predetermined angle direction and when it comes into contact with the surface of the drilling hole,
Since the structure is configured to measure the position of that part and the penetration resistance of the penetration needle, it is possible not only to measure the shape of the borehole both horizontally and vertically, but also in dense muddy water. Furthermore, since it is possible to measure the strength of the borehole surface as well as the shape, it is also possible to determine the presence or absence of slime, etc. and its thickness from the strength.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are front views showing an embodiment of the present invention and its method of use together with the cross-sectional shape of the borehole;
3 and 4 are schematic diagrams explaining the operation of the detection unit at the tip of the arm in this embodiment, FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are respectively for the measurement according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a front view showing a method of using the device, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing still another method of using the measuring device of the present invention together with the cross-sectional shape of an excavation hole. 1, 2, 3... Arm member, 4, 5, 6... Hinge with built-in angle detector, 8, 9... Contact pressure detector, 10... Penetration needle with penetration resistance detector, 13
...Drilling hole, 30...Measuring device of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An excavated hole measuring device in which a penetration needle with a penetration resistance detector and a plurality of contact pressure detectors are attached to the tip of an arm mechanism in which a plurality of arm members are rotatably connected via a hinge. is inserted into the excavation hole, the tip of the arm is moved in a predetermined angle direction in response to a signal from the ground, and the plurality of contact pressure detectors at the tip of the arm are pressed against the surface to be measured to detect a predetermined pressure. A drilling hole measuring method characterized by stopping the movement of the arm, protruding the penetration needle from the tip of the arm onto the surface of the drilling hole, and transmitting position information and a penetration resistance value of the tip of the arm. 2. An arm having a penetration needle equipped with a penetration resistance detector and a plurality of contact pressure detectors at its tip, and with the arm placed at a predetermined depth in the borehole, the tip of the arm is activated by a signal from the ground. moving means for moving the arm in a predetermined angular direction; stopping means for stopping the movement of the arm in response to detection signals from the plurality of contact pressure detectors; and protruding the penetration needle from the tip of the arm to the surface of the borehole. An excavation hole measuring device comprising: a sending means; and a sending means for transmitting position information of the tip of the arm and penetration resistance value information of the penetration resistance detector from the arm to the ground.