JPS635675B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat storage device that can store heat using chemical reactions.

As part of energy saving technology, various energy storage and heat storage technologies have been researched and developed, and various methods have been proposed. Heat storage technology is classified into (a) sensible heat storage, (b) latent heat storage, (c) chemical reaction heat storage, etc., and (c) can transport heat using heat storage materials that have the characteristic of maintaining heat storage even at room temperature. A heat storage device is being considered.

That is, the following reversible reaction A・B+QA+B (1) Suppose we have a reaction system like this.

In the heat storage process, energy Q is added to substances A and B to decompose them into substances A and B, which are then separated and stored. Q
Usually, thermal energy is considered, but other energies such as light and electricity can also be used.

In the heat dissipation step, when heat is required, reaction heat Q is generated by reacting substances A and B, and the heat is extracted.

At this time, if substances A and B are stored in a state where no chemical changes occur, even if there is a time or place gap between the heat storage process and the heat release process, the storage and
Since the heat dissipation cycle is established, heat transfer is possible.

Note that the substances A and B are used in a state in which A and B are easily separated, ie, in a state in which they have different phases, such that A is a solid and B is a liquid or gas. For example, A may be sodium sulfide, and B may be water (steam).

The present invention relates to a heat storage device that is implemented under the following limited conditions among such general heat storage techniques that utilize the heat of chemical reaction.

(1) The heat storage process is carried out at a location X where there is a surplus heat source such as heat generation, and the heat dissipation process is carried out at a location Y where the heat generated by reacting A and B is utilized as a heat source. Transport the material stored in heat at location X to Y,
Heat is released, and after heat release, the heat storage material is transported back to X for restorage.

(2) The heat storage materials to be transported are considered to be A and B, or A. That is, reactant B is a substance such as water vapor that is normally easily available or discarded, and X
Even if B separated at is not transported to Y, Y
If A is available, a heat dissipation reaction will be possible, so in this case it is only necessary to transport A. The present invention relates to the transportation of only the heat storage material A, regardless of whether or not B is transported.

(3) Under the reaction conditions, substances A, B and A
is a solid particle and B is a gas. That is, when the heat storage material A comes into contact with air for a long period of time, it reacts with oxygen, carbon dioxide, moisture, etc. in the air, and changes in quality or releases heat. The present invention is particularly effective against substances that are harmful when they come into contact with the human body.

When constructing a heat storage system under the above conditions, the heat storage tank is normally transported, and this will be explained using FIG. 1 as an example. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heat storage tank, where 1 represents the heat storage tank body, 2 represents heat transfer tubes in the case of a multipolar heat exchanger, and heat transfer plates in the case of a plate heat exchanger. 3 is a heat exchange fluid inflow part to the heat storage tank, 4 is a heat exchange fluid outlet part, 5 is a heat storage material filling part isolated from the heat exchange fluid by a heat transfer tube or heat transfer plate 2, and 6 is a heat storage material filling part 5 This is the steam inlet and outlet section.

The heat storage process is as follows. That is, since a surplus heat source exists at the location X based on the above condition (1), this heat is introduced from the inflow portion 3 to the heat storage tank via the fluid heat medium. The heat medium is a heat transfer tube or heat transfer plate 2
After imparting heat to the particle layer in the filling part 5 through the heat transfer wall surface while passing through the inside, the particles are discharged from the outflow part 4.
This applied heat causes a reaction from left to right in reaction formula (1), producing a solid A and a gas B. The generated gas B is discharged to the outside of the heat storage tank through the valve 7 attached to the steam inlet/outlet part 6, and is transferred to a storage part (not shown) through operations such as condensation by cooling, liquefaction by compression, and absorption by an absorbent. is stored. When the reaction is completed, the valve 7 is closed to isolate the filling section 5 from the outside air, and the heat exchange fluid inflow section 3, outflow section 4, and valve 7 are separated from the piping section (not shown) that connects them. .

In the transportation process, the heat storage tank part shown in Figure 1,
If necessary, the storage portion of B is transported from X to Y by some means of transportation, such as a truck or a railway.

The heat dissipation process is as follows. That is, location Y
, the inflow part 3 is connected to the inflow pipe part of the heat medium for recovering heat, and the outflow part 4 is connected to the discharge pipe part, and the valve 7 is connected to the introduction part of gas B (or to the storage part of B transported at the same time). ).
Then, when the valve 7 is opened while the heat recovery medium is flowing from the inflow part 3 to the outflow part 4, the gas B flows into the heat storage material filling part 5, and reaction heat is generated by the reaction proceeding from right to left in reaction formula 1. do. This heat is transferred to a heat recovery medium through heat transfer tubes or heat transfer plates 2 and is recovered. After the reaction is completed, the valve 7 is closed, and the inflow section 3, the outflow section 4, and the valve 7 are separated from the piping section connected thereto, similarly to the end of the heat storage step.

In the next transportation step, the heat storage tank portion shown in FIG. 1 and, if necessary, the empty container of the B storage section are transported from Y to X. Then, the inflow part 3, the outflow part 4, and the valve 7 are connected to necessary parts, respectively, and the heat storage process is performed again.

The above is a typical heat storage device capable of transporting heat under the above conditions, and the advantages and disadvantages of this case are as follows.

Advantages (a) There is no need to separate heat storage material particles from the heat exchange section. If only the heat storage material particles were to be transported, each cycle of the heat storage/radiation process would require the filling and separation of the particles into the heat exchange section twice, but with this method,
This saves time and requires no equipment.

(b) Also, when moving from the heat storage/dissipation process to the transportation process, it is only necessary to close the valve 7, so the heat storage material does not come into contact with the human body, and the work can be carried out in a state where it is isolated from the outside air. .

Disadvantages (a) Generally, the thermal conductivity of solid particles is low, and if you try to increase the amount of heat transfer per unit time,
The heat transfer area increases and the weight of the heat exchange section increases.
Furthermore, heat storage and heat dissipation reactions are often carried out under increased pressure or reduced pressure, but in this case, the heat storage tank must have a pressure-resistant structure, which increases the weight of the outer shell of the heat storage tank. Therefore, compared to transporting only heat storage material particles, the transport weight increases significantly.

(b) When moving from the transportation process to the heat storage/radiation process, it is necessary to connect at least the inflow/outflow part of the heat source or heat medium for heat recovery to the piping part, and the connection of the inflow/outflow part of the reaction gas to the piping part. This connection takes time and effort. Currently, what is called a one-touch type joint is available, but it is actually difficult to obtain one for large diameter piping.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage device that can efficiently transport heat.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an outer shell tank having an insertable and removable inner shell tank, which is removably connected to the outer shell tank, and is detachably connected to a heat exchanger tube or a heat exchanger plate and its tip. and heat exchanger tube dummies of the same diameter that are attached to the inner shell tank in the vertical direction, and a heat exchange section that is housed in the inner space of the inner shell tank, and the heat exchanger tube dummy is installed in the vertical middle part of the inner shell tank. A partition wall that can be penetrated by the dummy is provided, and the heat storage material filled in the inner shell tank on the partition wall can come into contact with the heat exchanger tube or heat transfer plate of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger can be extracted upwardly. when the heat exchanger tube dummy is separated from the heat exchanger tube or the heat exchanger plate, the heat storage material contacts the heat exchanger tube dummy and is held on the partition wall,
The heat exchange section is provided with a gas inlet/outlet communicating with the heat storage material filling space in the inner shell tank, and the heat exchange section is pulled up and the heat exchanger tube dummy is left in the heat storage material and the heat exchanger tube or heat exchanger plate is removed. If the inner shell tank is removed and then a top cover with a fitting part that can be engaged with the connection part of the heat transfer tube dummy is attached to the inner shell tank, the inner shell tank can be transported and heat exchanged at another location. Become. At this time, there is no need to transport the heat exchange section and the outer shell tank during the transportation process, so the transportation weight can be greatly reduced. The outlet only needs to be connected using a flexible hose, etc., so there is no need to connect and disconnect the piping each time it is transported.Furthermore, separation of heat storage material particles does not involve direct contact with the human body. This is convenient because it can be carried out without coming into contact with air for a long period of time.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof. 11 is a heat exchanger made of metal such as iron or stainless steel; 12 is a metal outer shell tank having a thickness for pressure resistance if necessary;
They are removably connected via flange portions 11a and 12a. The heat exchange part 11 has a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 13, and a heat exchanger tube dummy 14 of the same diameter is detachably attached to the tip of each heat exchanger tube dummy 14, and the heat exchange part 11 and the outer shell tank 12 are connected to each other via flange parts 11a and 12a. When connected together, the total length of the heat exchanger tubes 13 and the heat exchanger tube dummy 14 is long enough to fit into the internal space of the inner shell tank 15 that is removably inserted into the outer shell tank 12. The heat exchanger tube 13 has a double tube structure, and the cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part communicate with each other at the tip, and the cylindrical part is connected to the heat exchange fluid inlet 16 at the base, and the outer cylindrical part communicates with the heat exchange fluid flow. Exit 17
It is connected to the. Further, the heat exchanger tube 1 is placed in the middle part of the inner shell tank 15 in the vertical direction, for example, at a height corresponding to the connection point between the heat exchanger tube 13 and the heat exchanger tube dummy 14.
3 and the heat exchanger tube dummy 14 can be penetrated, and
A partition wall 18 that divides the internal space of the inner shell tank 15 into upper and lower halves.
is provided, and the space between the upper heat transfer tubes is a heat storage material 19
The heat storage material 19 is filled in the heat storage material filling part 20 to accommodate the heat storage material 19 to the extent that it does not exceed the flange part 12a of the outer shell tank 12, and is in contact with the heat exchanger tube 13 of the heat exchange part 11. It's summery.
21 is a gas inlet/outlet provided in the heat exchange section 11;
It is configured to communicate with the heat storage material filling section 20 of the inner shell tank 15, and is provided with a valve 22. 23 is an O-ring interposed in the flange portions 11a and 12a, 24 is a screw hole for a bolt to be described later,
25 is a hanging tool. The inner shell tank 15 and the heat exchanger tube dummy 14 are made of a non-metallic material such as plastic or a lightweight metallic material with a specific gravity of 4.6 or less.

In the heat storage step, the heat source fluid flows in from the inlet 16 , gives heat to the particle layer of the heat storage material 19 while passing through the heat transfer tube 13 , and flows out from the outlet 17 . On the other hand, as in the conventional example, gas B is generated from the particle layer by exchange of heat, and movement of this gas B is performed through the gas inlet/outlet 21. In the heat dissipation process, gas B is supplied from the gas inlet/outlet 21 and the heat storage material 1
It is absorbed by the particle layer 9 and generates heat, and this heat is transferred to the heat recovery fluid flowing in from the inlet 16.
It is collected from the outlet 17.

In the step of taking out the heat storage material 19, after the heat storage or heat radiation step is completed, an operation of pulling the heat exchanger 11 upwardly using the hanging tool 25 is performed in order to separate the heat exchanger 11 from the outer shell tank 12. At this time, the heat exchanger tube dummy 14 connected to the tip of the heat exchanger tube 13 also moves upward,
The heat exchanger tube 13 is fitted into the part of the particle layer of the heat storage material 19 where the heat transfer tube 13 was previously present without the particle layer being collapsed. FIG. 4 shows this state. In addition, FIG. 3 shows an example of the connection part between the heat exchanger tube 13 and the heat exchanger tube dummy 14, which can be fitted into and removed from each other freely, and is resistant to axial tension or extrusion of the heat exchanger tube 13. A structure other than that shown in FIG. 3 may be used as long as it does not separate and can be attached and detached in a one-touch manner for operation perpendicular to the axis of the heat exchanger tube or in other directions. For example, by moving the heat exchanger 11 in the direction of arrow A from the state shown in FIG. 4, the heat exchanger tube and the dummy can be separated.

Next, as shown in FIG.
over the outer shell tank 12 from the direction opposite to the direction of arrow A in FIG.
At the same time, the upper cover 27 is fixed to the inner shell tank 15 with bolts 28 that fit into the screw holes 24. Then, using the hanging tool 29, pull out the entire inner shell tank 15 upward, and then pull out the outer shell tank 1.
Separate from 2.

In the transportation process, the inner shell tank 15 filled with heat storage material is
Transport only from location X to location Y or from location Y to location X by appropriate means of transportation.

In the filling process, prepare outer shell tanks and heat exchange parts with the same structure and size at locations X and Y where heat is stored and dissipated, and set them to the state shown in Figure 2 by performing the reverse process of the extraction process. do.

Note that the heat transfer tube 13 may be a heat transfer plate.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained when heat storage and radiation are performed at different locations.

(b) Although it is necessary to load and unload the heat exchange unit into the inner shell tank filled with heat storage material particles, there is no need to transport the heat exchange unit and the outer shell tank, so the transport weight can be reduced over a large area. It can be reduced.

(b) Since there is no need to directly take out or fill the heat storage material particles, the heat storage material does not come into contact with the human body, long-term contact with air can be avoided, and operation is simple.

(c) Since the heat exchange part is not transported, there is no need to remove it if it is connected to the gas inlet/outlet, heat exchange fluid inlet, and outlet using flexible hoses.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a normal heat storage tank, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Figs.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view for explaining the transportation process. 11... Heat exchange section, 12... Outer shell tank, 13...
Heat exchanger tube, 14... Heat exchanger tube dummy, 15... Inner shell tank, 16... Heat exchange fluid inlet, 17... Heat exchange fluid outlet, 18... Partition wall, 19... Heat storage material,
20... Heat storage material filling section, 21... Gas inlet/outlet,
24...Screw hole, 25...Hanging tool, 26...
Fitting part, 27...Top lid, 28...Bolt, 2
9...Hanging tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outer shell tank having an insertable and removable inner shell tank, and a heat transfer tube dummy of the same diameter that is removably connected to the outer shell tank and that is detachably attached to a heat transfer tube or a heat transfer plate and its tip. and a heat exchange section which is housed in the internal space of the inner shell tank, and a partition wall through which the heat transfer tube dummy can pass is provided in the middle part of the inner shell tank in the vertical direction, and the partition wall The heat storage material filled in the upper inner shell tank can be brought into contact with the heat exchanger tubes or heat exchanger plates of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is pulled out upward and the heat exchanger tube dummy is inserted into the heat exchanger tube or the heat exchanger plate. When the heat storage material is removed from the heat plate, the heat storage material comes into contact with the heat transfer tube dummy and is held on the partition wall, and the heat exchange part is provided with a gas inlet/outlet communicating with the heat storage material filling space in the inner shell tank. A heat storage device characterized by being provided with.