JPS6357800B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a drum with a simple structure that allows a tuning operation to be performed quickly and reliably.

Drum heads used in membrane percussion instruments such as drums and tempanies are made of animal leather or plastic leather, and can produce a unique percussion sound by striking them with a plectrum called a stick or mallet. In this case, the drum head is normally supported and tensioned at the opening of the drum body 3 with a uniform tension by a well-known support and tension means 2 as shown in FIG. A plurality of tightening bolts 4 arranged at approximately equal intervals
By sequentially tightening the drum head and pushing down the head frame 6 with the clamping frame 5, the tension of the drum head 1 is increased and the pitch is raised.

By the way, when the center of the drum head 1, which is supported and tensioned as described above, is struck, the acoustic spectrum shown in FIG. 2 is obtained. In this case, the peak A at 164 Hz is the fundamental sound, and as shown in FIG. 3a, the vibration mode has a node at the outer periphery of the drum head 1 and a maximum displacement at the center. Also, the peak B at 228Hz is the first supertone (the first note above the fundamental note), which has one nodal diameter and one nodal circle as shown in Figure 3b. The head surface is divided into two half-moon shapes, and has a vibration mode in which it vibrates vertically alternately, and this vibration mode has the highest level and the longest damping characteristic. Therefore,
When tuning a drum, the strength of the tension on the drum head 1 is adjusted mainly by listening to the first upper note. In addition, when tuning, the vibration mode differs depending on the hitting position, so the vibration mode shown in Figure 4a,
In the case of a drum using the six tightening bolts 4A to 4F shown in b, tightening bolts 4A at stay 8
All tightening operations are performed by adjusting the tightening bolt 4A or the opposing tightening bolt 4D when hitting the vicinity, and then adjusting the tightening bolt 4B or 4E when hitting the vicinity of the tightening bolt 4B. Bolt 4A~
By sequentially adjusting the 4F, the tension in the drum head 1 is made uniform in all directions.

However, in this case, the strength of the tension in each direction of the drum head 1 can be determined by listening to the pitch of the first upper note at the striking position in each direction. If the position is not the same distance in the radial direction from the center 0 of 1, the state of frequency components higher than 228 Hz will change, resulting in subtle changes in timbre and making it difficult to judge the pitch of the first upper note.

This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and by displaying tuning marks corresponding to each tightening bolt on the striking surface of the drum head to indicate the position to be struck during tuning, the striking position can be accurately determined. To provide a drum head in which the pitch of a sound can be easily judged and tuning can be performed easily.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

Figure 5 a to e are 6, 8, 9, and 10, respectively.
A drum head 1 is stretched over a drum body 3 to which bolts and 12 tightening bolts (see Figure 1) are attached.
This figure shows a plan view of drum heads 1A to 1E, and the striking surface of each drum head 1A to 1E has the same number of dot-shaped tuning marks 10 as the tightening bolts, that is, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12 dot-shaped tuning marks 10. ~1E
are displayed corresponding to each tightening bolt on the same circumference centered on the center 0. In this case, a line connecting each tightening bolt and its corresponding tuning mark 10 passes through the center of each drum head 1A to 1E. Furthermore, if the radial position of each tuning mark 10 is shifted from the center 0 of the drum head to the periphery, the fundamental sound explained in FIGS. Since the first upper note is a Betzel function, in order to effectively hear the first upper note necessary for tuning, it must be within the range above the displacement curve of the fundamental note, that is, if the radius of the drum head is a, the center is 0. from 0.31a
It suffices if it is between the distant position and a, but the sixth
As is clear from the figure, the most desirable position is around 0.48a.

Note that the tuning mark 10 is printed and displayed when the drum heads 1A to 1E are manufactured.
The tuning mark is not limited to this, and may be formed by adhering aluminum foil or the like or applying paint.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of this invention,
Eight dot-shaped tuning marks 10 and ten star-shaped tuning marks 11 are displayed on the same circumference on the striking surface of the drum head 1F.
In this way, two types of tuning marks 10,1
If 1 is displayed, it can be commonly used for a barrel body equipped with 8 tightening bolts and a barrel body equipped with 10 tightening bolts. Furthermore, it is possible to display not only two types of tuning marks but more than that, and it is clear that in that case, the versatility of the drum head can be further improved.

8a and 8b are plan views of a drum head showing another embodiment of the present invention, and a shows a circle 13 centered on the center 0 on the striking surface of the drum head 1G with a radius larger than 0.31a, and this circle 13, six linear tuning marks 14 are displayed. On the other hand, b indicates a discontinuous circle 15 divided into eight parts with a radius larger than 0.31a, and the discontinuous part 16 is used as a tuning mark part.

Note that the tuning mark is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified in various ways. For example, the tuning mark may be provided inside or outside the circle 13 shown in FIG. 8a, or the tuning mark according to the above embodiment may be provided. Of course, they may be combined as appropriate.

Furthermore, although the above embodiment has been described with reference to the case where it is applied to a drum head of a drum, the present invention can also be applied to a drum head of a mechanical drum.

Furthermore, the distance from the center of the drum head to the tuning mark depends on the type and structure of the membrane percussion instrument.
It may be set to an optimal value according to differences in acoustic spectra, etc.

As explained above, the drum head according to the present invention has a plurality of tuning marks corresponding to each tightening bolt displayed on the striking surface of the drum head, and the tuning work is performed by hitting the positions of these tuning marks. Therefore, you can see at a glance where to hit, and you can hit all marked positions accurately. Therefore, it is easy to distinguish the pitch of the sound, and the tuning work can be performed quickly and accurately. Further, the tuning marks have a very large effect, as they do not have any adverse effect on the vibration of the drum head itself and are useful for improving the design effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional example of a drum, Figure 2 is an acoustic spectrum diagram of a drum head, Figure 3a,
b is a diagram showing the vibration modes of the fundamental tone and the first upper tone of the drum head, Figures 4 a and b are diagrams for explaining tuning of the drum head, and Figures 5 a to e are diagrams showing one example of the drum head according to the present invention, respectively. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the embodiment; FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the striking position and the fundamental tone and the first upper tone; FIGS. FIG. 1A to 1G...Drum head, 3...Body body,
4... Tightening bolt, 10, 11, 14, 16...
tuning mark.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drum head characterized in that a plurality of tuning marks are provided on the striking surface of the drum head, corresponding to each tightening bolt of the drum body on which the head is tensioned.