JPS6358688B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention enables homogeneous and efficient kneading in an extruder when multiple types of materials are kneaded and extruded in an extruder for processing. Therefore, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder used in fields such as food processing or plastic molding, in which materials are uniformly mixed in advance at the stage of supplying the materials to the hopper of the extruder.

[Conventional technology]

In order to obtain a homogeneous product by kneading a plurality of different types of materials, it is necessary to sufficiently knead them in an extruder for processing or to mix the materials in a step before feeding them to the extruder.

Among these methods, when homogeneous kneading is carried out using an extruder, the screw must be rotated at a low speed, which results in a long residence time for the material in the extruder, making it impossible to improve production efficiency. It was hot.

On the other hand, when mixing materials in the pre-process to supply them to an extruder for processing, a separate material mixing device must be installed, and it takes time to mix and transport the mixed materials to the extruder hopper. There were problems with equipment, quality, production efficiency, and the environment.

In addition, a composite material in which plastic and filler are mixed in advance is fed to a hopper using a feeder, and preprocessing such as shearing, crushing, heating, melting, and kneading is performed in a cylinder that is connected to the hopper. A material supply device as shown in No. 36277 has also been proposed.

[Problems to be solved]

The material supply device shown in JP-A No. 51-36277 mentioned above performs preliminary processing such as shearing, crushing, heating, melting, and kneading, so it has almost the same configuration as a normal molding device. It is necessary to equip the hopper with a separate cylinder, screw, pressurizing plunger, temperature regulator, etc., resulting in a problem that the device becomes large and complicated.

Further, the above-mentioned apparatus is for pre-processing composite materials, and it is impossible to accurately measure and supply a plurality of materials and mix the materials quantitatively and uniformly. That is, in order to obtain a composite material by mixing a plurality of materials, the above-mentioned conventional pre-process has to be used, which still involves the conventional problems.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned objects, and includes a small-sized mixing device that is equipped with a means for accurate metering and sufficient and uniform mixing in a material supply hopper of an extruder for processing. established in
By uniformly mixing the materials supplied to the extruder in advance, it is possible to homogeneously and efficiently knead multiple types of materials in the extruder for processing, and even a small amount of materials can be uniformly mixed and supplied. I can do it. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the method of quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder of the present invention kneads a plurality of types of materials by each material supplying extruder,
These kneaded materials are supplied at a predetermined ratio from each material supply extruder to the outer peripheral surface of a rotating body in the material supply section of the hopper, which is shaped like a truncated cone and has a short diameter on the top surface and a long diameter on the bottom surface, and , there is a method in which the plurality of types of materials are diffused and mixed by rotation of the rotary body and fed to a hopper of an extruder. Then, as necessary, when supplying the kneaded materials in a predetermined ratio to the outer peripheral surface of a rotating body in the shape of a truncated cone with the upper surface having a shorter diameter and the lower surface having a longer diameter in the material supply section of the hopper, There is a method in which at least one of the materials is supplied together with continuous or intermittent compressed air, and further, the material is supplied together with an additive that is continuously or intermittently supplied.

Further, in the quantitative mixing supply device for an extruder of the present invention, a case body having a hollow part is formed in the material supply part of the hopper in the hopper of the extruder. A rotating body in the shape of a truncated cone is rotatably arranged with a slight gap between it and the inner circumferential surface of the case, and a plurality of material supplying extruders are arranged on the side of the material supply section, and the material is The supply port of the supply extruder is formed on the side surface of the case body. and,
If necessary, a plurality of grooves are provided in the longitudinal direction of the outer periphery of the rotating body, and the tip of the screw of at least one of the plurality of material supply extruders is connected from the supply port to the case body. It has a structure that protrudes inward. Furthermore, depending on the amount, type, etc. of the materials to be quantitatively mixed, a nozzle for supplying compressed air and/or additives may be provided at the supply port of the material supply extruder formed in the case body.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is an overall view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the rotating body in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an illustration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. An enlarged cross-sectional view of the main parts of the device according to the second embodiment is shown. First, an example device will be described based on these drawings.

In the drawings, 1 is a hopper that supplies material to an extruder 2 for processing. Reference numeral 10 denotes a material supply section formed in the upper part of the hopper 1, and a truncated cone-shaped hollow section 12 is formed inside the case body 11 thereof. 13 and 14 are located on both sides of the material supply section 10.
The extruders for supplying materials are arranged 180 degrees opposite each other with a step difference in the vertical direction, and while lightly kneading different types of materials, the extruders are used to supply the case body 11 from the supply ports 15 and 16 provided on the side of the case body 11. Supply a fixed amount within It is of course possible to increase the number of material supplying extruders depending on the number of types of materials supplied to the hopper 1.

Reference numeral 17 is a rotating body in the shape of a truncated cone having a short axis on the upper surface and a long axis on the lower surface, and is rotatably arranged in the hollow part 12 of the case body 11 with a slight gap. A plurality of grooves 18 are provided radially in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumference of the rotating body 17 at predetermined intervals. In addition to being provided radially, the grooves 18 can also be provided spirally as shown by the chain lines in FIG. 19 is a rotating body 17 corresponding to the supply port 16 of the lower material supply extruder 14
This is a horizontal groove provided in the direction of the outer circumference. 20 is rotating body 1
This motor provides rotational force to the motor 7 and is mounted on the upper part of the case body 11.

In the apparatus of the embodiment having such a configuration, the materials are mixed and supplied in a quantitative manner by the following method.

For example, when supplying a large amount of the main material consisting of powder or granular material, etc., and supplying a small amount of auxiliary material or additive material (hereinafter simply referred to as auxiliary material),
The main material is kneaded by the upper material supply extruder 13, and a fixed amount is fed to the case body 1 through the supply port 15.
1, the auxiliary material is kneaded by the material supply extruder 14 in the lower stage, and a fixed amount is supplied to the hollow part 12 of the case body 11 through the supply port 16. It is dropped onto the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 17 and supplied.

In this case, the constant supply of the main material and the sub-material is carried out by controlling the rotational speed of the screws 13a, 14a of the respective material supplying extruders 13, 14. Therefore, if the rotational speeds of both extruders 13 and 14 are controlled in relation to each other, the supply amounts of the main material and the sub-material can be set to an arbitrary ratio.

In addition, both extruders 13 and 14 are opposed to each other by 180 degrees,
In addition, by arranging them with a step difference in the vertical direction, it is possible to provide a time difference in material supply.

On the other hand, inside the case body 11 of the material supply section 10,
Since the rotating body 17 is rotated by the motor 20, the main material supplied from the supply port 15 to the upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 17 is transferred to the case body 11 by centrifugal force.
It falls spirally through the gap between the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the rotating body 17. At the same time, the rotating body 17 is
The auxiliary material supplied to the center of the outer peripheral surface also falls in a spiral shape through the gap between the inner periphery of the case body 11 and the outer periphery of the rotating body 17 due to centrifugal force. The main material and the auxiliary material are mixed to some extent while falling in this spiral shape, and further diffused and mixed by centrifugal force when being supplied into the hopper 1 from the rotating body 17.

Note that if grooves 18 and lateral grooves 19 are provided in the longitudinal and circumferential directions on the outer periphery of the rotating body 17, the diffusion of the main material and the secondary material is further promoted by these grooves 18 and lateral grooves 19, and the granules are The material can be fed to the hopper as a solid material, preventing material from becoming brittle or clogging.

In addition, examples of materials that can be quantitatively mixed and fed to an extruder according to the present invention include the following.

(1) Granular green peas as the main ingredient used to manufacture confectionery or health foods, powdered wheat flour and coarse wheat bran as auxiliary ingredients (in the case of these ingredients, the green peas are crushed and supplied) Conventionally, there is a large particle size difference between the main material and the auxiliary material, and the main material must be crushed, so the main material is crushed and the auxiliary material is supplied quantitatively and uniformly mixed at a fixed ratio. (2) Granular crushed rice as the main ingredient used to manufacture confectionery, powdered soybean flour and cornstarch as auxiliary ingredients (in the case of these ingredients, the cornstarch has a fine particle size). (3) Powdered wheat flour as the main ingredient, powdered eggshells and powdered flour as auxiliary ingredients used to manufacture confectionery or health foods. Salt (in the case of these materials, the amount of salt supplied is small, so it has been difficult to supply a constant quantity and mix uniformly in the past.) (4) Granular polyethylene as the main material used to manufacture synthetic materials; Coarse powdered wood and powdered foaming agent as materials (in the case of these materials, it has been difficult to supply quantitatively and uniformly mix them due to the large density difference between the materials and the small amount of foaming agent supplied) ) (5) Granular polypropylene as the main material used to produce fiber-reinforced resin, and filamentous carbon fiber as an auxiliary material (in the case of these materials, due to the large difference in shape of the materials, it has traditionally been difficult to quantify (It was difficult to supply and mix uniformly.) Next, a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

In this example, the material supply extruder 13,
The tips of the 14 screws 13a, 14a are made to protrude from the respective supply ports 15, 16 into the hollow part 12 of the case body 11, and
Horizontal grooves 19 and 21 are provided in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 17 corresponding to the tip ends of the rotary members a and 14a, respectively. Further, near the supply port 15 for the main material, a nozzle 22 is provided toward the hollow portion 12 to supply either compressed air, additives, or both at the same time using a discharge pump 23 or the like.

The method carried out in the quantitative mixing and supplying device of the extruder configured as described above is basically the same as the method of the first embodiment, but it is more effective in the following respects.

That is, the tips of the screws 13a, 14a of the material supply extruders 13, 14 protrude into the hollow part 12 of the case body 11, and the lateral grooves 19, 21 of the rotating body 17
Since the material is stuck inside, the tip of the screws 11a and 14a crushes the material that has become agglomerated (stagnated) or clogged, and at the same time, the material is dispersed. Further, by continuously or intermittently supplying compressed air from the nozzle 22, the material is blown off and diffused. Particularly when the amount of material to be supplied is small, it is effective in improving dispersibility. The additive may be supplied through the nozzle 22 simultaneously with or separately from the compressed air.

Note that the tip of the screw may be protruded from either one of the material supplying extruders 13 and 14, or conversely, the nozzle 22 for supplying compressed air or the like may be provided at both supply ports 15. , and its direction can be selected as desired. Also,
It is of course possible to supply liquid, gas, etc. in place of compressed air depending on the material.

As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the second embodiment, it is possible to prevent bridging and clogging of the material, further enhance the diffusion effect, and furthermore, it is possible to expect a cooling effect using compressed air or the like.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways within the scope of the gist of the invention. The direction also includes a state in which there is no step.

In addition to being used in the extruder for food processing or plastic molding described above, the present invention can also be implemented in an extruder for kneading cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and the like.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention having the above configuration, it is possible to accurately supply a fixed amount of material, and
Since a plurality of types of materials can be uniformly mixed in advance in fixed quantities and then supplied to the extruder, kneading in the extruder can be performed homogeneously and effectively. Also,
Even if the amount of material to be supplied is small, the predetermined amount is accurately and homogeneously mixed and supplied, so there is no unevenness in the molded product. Furthermore, it prevents the material from becoming brittle or clogging in the device, and enables smooth material supply.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the rotating body in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an illustration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. An enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a device according to a second embodiment is shown. 1: hopper, 2: extruder for processing, 10: material supply section, 11: case body, 12: hollow part, 13,
14: Extruder for material supply, 15, 16: Supply port,
17: Rotating body, 18: Groove, 19, 21: Horizontal groove, 2
2: Nozzle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of types of materials are kneaded by respective material supply extruders, and the kneaded materials are fed from each material supply extruder at a predetermined ratio into the material supply section of the hopper. It is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of a rotating body that is shaped like a truncated cone, with the upper surface having a shorter diameter and the lower surface having a longer diameter.
and a method for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder, characterized in that the plurality of types of materials are diffused and mixed by rotation of the rotary body and supplied to a hopper of the extruder. 2. When feeding multiple types of kneaded materials at a predetermined ratio to the outer circumferential surface of a rotating body in the material supply section of the hopper, which has a truncated cone shape with a short diameter on the top surface and a long diameter on the bottom surface, at least one of these materials A method for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that one material is supplied together with continuous or intermittent compressed air. 3. When feeding multiple types of kneaded materials at a predetermined ratio to the outer circumferential surface of a rotating body having a truncated cone shape with an upper surface having a shorter diameter and a lower surface having a longer diameter in the material supply section of the hopper, at least one of these materials 3. A method for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one material is supplied together with an additive that is supplied continuously or intermittently. 4. In the hopper of an extruder, a case body having a hollow part is formed in the material supply part of the hopper, and a rotating body in the shape of a truncated cone with a short axis on the top surface and a long axis on the bottom surface is placed inside the case body around the periphery of the case body. A plurality of material supplying extruders are arranged on the sides of the material supplying section, and the supply ports of the material supplying extruders are connected to the side surface of the case body. 1. A quantitative mixing supply device for materials in an extruder, characterized in that it is formed as follows. 5. A quantitative mixing and supplying device for materials in an extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of grooves are provided in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumference of the rotating body. 6. Claim 4 or 6. A device for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder according to item 5. 7. Claim 4, characterized in that a lateral groove is provided in at least one circumferential direction of the rotating body facing the supply port of the material supplying extruder,
A device for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder according to item 5 or 6. 8. Claims 4, 5, 6, or 7, characterized in that the supply port of the material supply extruder formed in the case body has a nozzle for compressed air, etc. Quantitative mixing and feeding device for materials in the extruder described. 9. Claims 4, 5, 6, 7 or 9, characterized in that the supply port of the extruder for supplying material formed in the case body has a nozzle for the additive material. 9. A device for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in an extruder according to item 8. 10 Claim 9, characterized in that the additive nozzle also serves as a nozzle for compressed air, etc.
A device for quantitatively mixing and supplying materials in the extruder described in Section 1.