JPS6358803B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a bacteriostatic treatment for suppressing the onset of disease caused by pathogenic fungi attached to or latent on plant seeds and seeds for cultivation, and a bacteriostatic treatment thereof. The present invention relates to a treatment agent used for treatment to promote germination.

Conventional technology Conventionally, seeds used for cultivation and seeds in agriculture (usually referred to as "seed potatoes", henceforth referred to as "seed potatoes")
(abbreviated as )) is generally added to a chemical solution containing a chemical called benlate agent, etc., prior to sowing or mulching (putting it into the soil to make seedlings and causing them to germinate). Soak or
Alternatively, treatments such as spraying with agrochemical powder are performed to sterilize harmful fungi that are attached to or latent inside the outer skin of seeds and seed potatoes, as well as to loosen the seed outer skin and promote germination. .

In recent years, due to the aging of agricultural soil due to overuse, native varieties are easily attacked by pathogenic bacteria, and even if they germinate and take root, their resistance to pathogenic bacteria has decreased and they are susceptible to disease. It is considered essential to treat potatoes with the above-mentioned chemicals.

However, even if the above-mentioned sterilization and germination promotion treatments such as immersion in chemical solutions or spraying with pesticides can be expected to be effective, various crops may be contaminated with drugs from the seed stage. Considering the current situation where phytotoxic pollution has become a major social problem as a cause of environmental pollution, we would like to provide an alternative to conventional treatments using chemical agents as a treatment for sterilizing plant seeds and seed potatoes and promoting germination. This is why it is strongly requested.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the current situation as described above, and does not use conventional chemical agents, so there is no concern about environmental pollution due to drug damage. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a treatment agent for suppressing the onset of diseases caused by fungi that cause disease in plant seeds and seed potatoes and promoting germination.

The present inventor focused on soft porous highly silicified silicate clay (commonly known as silicate clay), which is a zeolite clay mineral known to have ion exchange and adsorption properties, and developed powders of these clays. It has been discovered that bacteriostasis and germination promotion of plant seeds and seed potatoes can be effectively carried out by immersing them in a solution dispersed in water or by sprinkling them with the above-mentioned powder, and have developed the present invention. I arrived at the eggplant.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Structure of the Invention The present invention is characterized by a soft porous highly silicified silicate clay called silicate clay (hereinafter referred to as silicate clay).
A treatment agent for bacteriostasis and germination promotion of plant seeds and seeds, containing as an active ingredient.

The clay silicate used here as an active ingredient is a geologically zeolite clay mineral, and in particular is white to yellowish-white or light brown clay whose clay content has undergone a significant silicification process. Next, an analysis example of silicate clay produced in Yasawagi, Akita Prefecture is shown below.

Sample SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ No. 1 94.72% 1.65% No. 2 87.83% 5.37% No. 3 87.11% 5.63% Means for solving the problem In the present invention, the above-mentioned silicate clay is made into powder form. Plant seeds or seed potatoes are immersed in a colloidal solution obtained by adding water, preferably lukewarm water, and mixing thoroughly with stirring, for about several hours to about 10 hours, although the size may vary. At this time, it is preferable to use a solution prepared by mixing 500 to 1000 g of the above powder with about 200 g of water. Through the above soaking treatment, the ionic colloid particles generated by the contact between the powdered silicate clay and water are used to remove germs that are attached to the seeds and seed potatoes or that are latent inside, due to their ion exchange and adsorption effects. It is thought that bacteriostasis is achieved by coating and penetrating the body, blocking the growth and propagation of bacteria, and at the same time dehydrating the bacteria and inhibiting respiration. In addition to the above action, the outer skin of the seed (for example, rice husk) is loosened by contact with lukewarm water, and the colloidal solution penetrates into the inside of the seed. It is presumed that the quality is eluted, and as a result, the embryo becomes active and promotes germination.

Furthermore, the treatment agent according to the present invention is most effective when used in the form of a colloid solution for soaking seeds and seed potatoes as described above, and then in powder form for sprinkling the seeds and seed potatoes after the soaking. It is true.

In other words, if seeds or seed potatoes are soaked as described above and then sprinkled with a powder when they are semi-dry, the powder has a moderate adhesiveness, so the seeds or seed potatoes are soaked. This has the effect of improving the germination rate. The effect of increasing germination rate can be said to be based on the following reasons.

It is widely acknowledged by agricultural experts that the rooting activity of crops in the larval stages of germination and rooting slows down when fertilizer nutrients are supplied around the radicle. When seed coated with powder is sown and covered with soil, the fertilizer nutrients applied to the soil are temporarily adsorbed (fertilizer retention effect) by the adsorption effect of silicate clay, so that the seedlings are not absorbed during rooting. The area around the roots is kept virtually free of fertilizers, which increases rooting activity.

Incidentally, in recent years, due to labor saving in agricultural work, fertilizers have been mixed in the soil for sowing and raising seedlings in advance. It can be said that it is extremely meaningful in promoting rooting.

In the present invention, clay silicate as an active ingredient may be used in combination with zeolite.

Furthermore, when the treatment agent of the present invention is used in the form of an aqueous solution, due to the purifying action of the silicate clay, which is its active ingredient, there is no need to replace the water as in the conventional chemical dipping method, making the dipping operation simple. . Incidentally, in the chemical soaking method, for example, soaking seed rice requires 120 to 130
It takes about an hour, but I make sure to drain and replace the water once a day.

As mentioned above, by using the treatment agent according to the present invention, it is possible to treat plant seeds and seed potatoes for bacteriostasis and germination promotion in a short time and easily.
In addition, there is no problem of phytotoxic contamination that occurs when conventional chemical solutions or agrochemical powders are used, so it is extremely useful for the above-mentioned treatment of plant seeds and seed potatoes.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Seeds of summer-sown spinach, which is said to have the worst germination rate in summer among plant seeds (these seeds may not germinate, or even if they germinate, the seeds will melt due to high temperature and humidity). The seeds were immersed for about 5 hours in a colloidal solution prepared by adding lukewarm water 500 times the amount of fine silicate clay powder and stirring well. Next, spinach seeds were taken out from the above solution, and when the seeds became semi-dry, they were uniformly sprinkled with fine powder of clay silicate. For the sprinkling treatment, place fine silicate clay powder in a suitable box (a strawberry container made of polyethylene resin or a wooden box).
Approximately 500 g of the above-mentioned semi-dried seeds were added to the box, and the box was shaken from side to side for about 2 to 5 minutes. The seeds obtained in this way are coated with fine powder of clay silicate and have moderate stickiness.
It becomes easier to handle with a seeding machine (spinach seeds are small and difficult to sow with a seeding machine).

Next, the seeds coated with fine white silicate powder as described above were entrusted to a farmer located in Takenouchi, Toma-cho, Katsuragi-gun, Nara Prefecture, and a field of about 1 are was divided into two and sown in one section. The germination rate was examined. In addition, untreated seeds were sown in the other plot as a control, and the germination rate was examined in the same manner. The results are as follows. The germination rate was shown as an average value 15 days after sowing.

Treated area Untreated area Germination rate (%) 90% or more 47% In addition, seedling establishment after germination and growth conditions in the early and mid-terms of the treated area were also good, and the yield was also higher than that of the control area. On average, it was 2.7 times larger.

As mentioned above, in view of the germination results of summer-sown spinach seeds treated with the treatment agent of the present invention, the bacteriostatic effect of the treatment agent of the present invention on the seeds can also be observed.

Example 2 1 kg of rice seed was mixed with 100 g of each powder of clay silicate and zeolite, added to 100 g of water, stirred, and immersed in the resulting colloidal solution for about 120 to 130 hours (this immersion time was , which is the time typically employed in conventional chemical immersion). Note that the water was not replaced during the immersion period (in the conventional chemical immersion, as mentioned above, it is necessary to drain and replace the water once a day).

After soaking the rice seeds, the rice seeds were taken out, thoroughly washed with water, and finally drained. When the rice seeds are semi-dry, transfer them to a separately prepared wooden box with a depth of about 10 cm. Sprinkle a mixture of powders of 500 g of silicate clay and 500 g of zeolite on top, and shake the wooden box back and forth to remove the seeds. The above mixed powder was applied thinly and uniformly to the entire surface.

Next, the seed rice coated as described above was sown at a farmer located at 419-1 Nakano, Fukuda-cho, Iwata-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture, and the germination status thereof was examined. The seed rice is
A seedling box was used to cover the seedlings with a layer of soil about 1 cm thick. In addition, as a control, untreated rice seeds were sown in the same manner and the germination status was examined. the result,
In the treated plots, on average, the seeds germinated evenly and took off better than in the control plots, and when the bottom of the seedling box was observed, rooting was also excellent.

Furthermore, the seedlings that had germinated and stood up were each planted in a 1-acre paddy field, and the result of examining the seedlings was 97% in the treatment area, while in the control area.
The germination rate was about 74%, and the amount of germination in the treated plot was lower than that in the control plot.
It was 1.8 times.

In addition, the growth status after planting was clearly better in the treated plots than in the control plots, and the yield at harvest was 549 kg per 10 ares in the treated plots, while it was 468 kg in the control plots. .

From the above results, it can be seen that the treatment agent of the present invention has a bacteriostatic effect on rice seeds.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A treatment agent for bacteriostasis and germination promotion of plant seeds and seed potatoes, containing soft porous highly silicified silicate clay as an active ingredient.