JPS6359080B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to feeding of ammunition for a shotgun used in a hunting rifle or the like.

Shotgun ammunition used for hunting and shooting competitions is loaded in the order of gunpowder from the bottom of the bullet, followed by a feed and a shot pellet or a single slug bullet, like a cartridge with a detonator.
Has a muzzle.

By the way, the shotgun particles fired from a shotgun fly toward the target while spreading out, so if the target is caught within the spread range, it will hit the target, so a shotgun is effective for shooting at moving targets. Shotguns are therefore used for hunting flying birds and dynamic shooting such as trap and skeet shooting, but there are limits to the dispersion of the ammunition currently available on the market, and they are even more difficult to shoot, especially for close-range shooting. It is preferable to use bullets that have the ability to spread over a wide area.

In addition, a shotgun may be used for hunting animals or for static shooting competitions using a single bullet, that is, a slug bullet loaded with a slug instead of a shotgun. The stability of the slug's flight attitude after ejection greatly affects its accuracy, so an effective method is to rotate the slug around its axis and inject it, using the gyroscope effect to stabilize its attitude during flight. Unlike a rifle, a shotgun does not have a rifling in its bore, so it is impossible to rotate the slug at high speed, and the accuracy of slug bullets is therefore extremely lower than that of rifle bullets. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems with conventional shotgun loads, an object of the present invention is to rotate the parts constituting the load using a part of the energy of the propellant used to fire the bullet, thereby reducing the number of shotgun particles. When loading bullets, the dispersion performance was improved, and when using a single bullet with a slug, the slug was rotated at high speed to increase accuracy. That is, it provides a special feed.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a shot charge incorporating the feed of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a slug charge. 1. Let's take medicine.
2 is a bottom tube, and a detonator is attached to the end surface 3 of this bottom tube 2. 4 is an explosive, 5 is a gunpowder holder, and 6 is a rotor, and the gunpowder holder 5 and rotor 6 form the feed of the present invention.

In the shotgun cartridge shown in FIG. 1, the blades 7 are formed to protrude integrally with the rotor 6 in the axial direction,
The periphery of the mouthpiece is filled with pellets 8, and a disc-shaped palate 9 is sealed with a mouthpiece 10.

The slug ammunition shown in FIG. 2 is one in which a slug 11 is loaded in place of the shot 8, and the rotor 6'c is provided with means for rotating the slug 11, which will be described later. It has almost the same structure.

A specific structural example of the gunpowder suppressor 5 and rotor 6 that constitute the feed of the present invention will be described below. First, in the first embodiment, the gunpowder suppressor 5 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is made of a flexible plastic material such as polyethylene, and has a cylindrical shape with a recess 12 on the side facing the gunpowder 4. A hole 13 that forms an inflow path for gunpowder gas passes through the axis of the suppressor 5. Further, on the outer circumferential surface of the gunpowder retainer 5 on the side forming the concave portion 12, a conical portion 14 that expands toward the outer circumference is provided so as to protrude and tightly contact the inner circumferential surface of the powder case 1 to prevent leakage of gunpowder gas. It is shaped to be completely sealed. still,
As shown in FIG. 19, the outer diameter of the gunpowder retainer 5d is made approximately equal to the inner diameter of the powder cartridge 1, and the conical portion 14 is
can also be omitted.

On the other hand, the rotor 6 has a cylindrical shape of arbitrary length made of a material such as plastic having a small coefficient of friction, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the cartridge 1, which is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the gun cavity. And, Figures 5 to 7
As shown in the figure, on the end surface 15 of the rotor 6 that is in contact with the end surface 21 of the gunpowder suppressor 5, there is at least one ventilation groove 16 that passes through the center of the rotor 6 and limits the amount of ventilation with a constriction part 16a. This ventilation groove 16
A plurality of injection grooves 17 are provided in a predetermined direction starting from both ends of the rotor 6 and communicating therewith, and the other ends thereof are open to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 6 . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. In each case, one protrusion ring or protrusion or a plurality of protrusions are molded integrally with the rotor 6. 5 to 7 show an example in which three blades 7 are each provided with the projections 18.

The feeding effect of the combination of the gunpowder suppressor 5 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and the rotor 6 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 will be explained.

The gunpowder suppressor 5 and the rotor 6 are connected to the end face 2 of the gunpowder suppressor 5.
1 and the end surface 15 of the rotor 6 are in contact with each other and the rotor 1
loaded inside. In this state, when the gunpowder 4 detonates, the gunpowder suppressor 5, rotor 6, shot 8, and cap 9 move forward under the pressure of the explosion, release the cap 10, enter the gun cavity, and rapidly increase the speed. It is ejected high.

Since the end face 21 of the explosive suppressor 5 that is pressed by the explosive pressure is crimped to the end face 15 of the rotor 6, the ventilation groove 16 and the injection groove 17 form a gas passage with a closed cross section, and the ventilation groove 16 is connected to the explosive suppressor 5. Since it communicates with the hole 13, the gunpowder gas that has flowed into the hole 13 is injected from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6 into the gap 20 shown in FIG. 1 through the ventilation groove 16 and the injection groove 17. The reaction force of the adiabatic expansion caused by this gas injection acts on the starting point 22 of the injection groove 17,
As shown in FIG. 6, torque is generated by thrust forces t ₁ and t ₂ having opposite directions and equal magnitudes, and the rotor 6 passes through the gun cavity while rotating. In addition, the gap 2
The gunpowder gas injected into the gunpowder gas flows from the front end surface 19 of the rotor 6 shown in FIG. be done.

The shot 8 is filled by the rotation of the rotor 6 and the rotation of the blades 7 formed integrally with the rotor 6.
The bullet reaches the muzzle at increased speed while rotating around the axis of the barrel, and immediately after that, due to the inertia of the rotation, it is ejected while spreading out in the tangential direction of the rotation.

In the second embodiment of the feed of the present invention, an annular groove 23 is provided on the end surface 21 of the gunpowder suppressor 5 shown in FIG. The rotor 6 has a gunpowder suppressor 5a provided with an air guide groove 25 and a plurality of pairs of injection grooves 17a communicating with the air guide groove 25 as shown in FIG. 10 on the end face 15 of the rotor 6 shown in FIG. Combine with child 6a.
The communication groove 24 is a curved or straight groove that branches from the communicating hole 13 in a predetermined direction, and its end communicates with the annular groove 23. Further, the air guide groove 25 has a function as a throttle passage that limits the amount of airflow, and has a starting point on a virtual circle having the same diameter as the inner circle of the annular groove 23, and its terminal point is It communicates with the injection groove 17a, and the other end of the injection groove 17a opens to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6a.

The operation of this second embodiment is as follows. By detonation of the gunpowder, the end face 21 of the gunpowder suppressor 5a and the end face 15 of the rotor 6 are pressed together, and a gas passage is formed.
Therefore, the high pressure gas flowing into the hole 13 of the gunpowder stopper 5a enters the annular groove 23 in the direction determined by the communication groove 24, and becomes a gas flow circulating in the annular groove 23 at high speed in the direction of the arrow. The circulation direction of this gas flow is
When viewed from the gunpowder 4 side, it is clockwise, and the annular groove 23
Since the air guide groove 25 of the rotor 6a is in communication with the rotor 6a,
The circulating gas flow enters the air guide groove 25 at high speed,
Starting point 22a of the injection groove 17a communicating with the air guide groove 25
The direction of the flow suddenly changes and enters the injection groove 17a.
The liquid is injected from the opening into the gap 20 shown in FIG.

The impulse force when this gas flow changes the flow direction at the above-mentioned starting point 22a and the reaction force of adiabatic expansion due to injection both act on the rotor 6a as thrust forces T ₁ and T ₂ in the same direction, and the above-mentioned A larger torque is generated than in the first embodiment, and the rotor 6a rotates at a higher speed in the clockwise direction when viewed from the explosive 4 side.

However, the reaction force due to the gas flow in the communication groove 24 acts on the explosive holder 5a as a torque in the opposite direction to the gas circulation direction, so the explosive holder 5a tries to rotate freely in the opposite direction. Therefore, the depth of the recess 12 (shown in FIG. 3) provided on the surface opposite to the end surface 21 where the communication groove 24 etc. are provided is increased so that the outer peripheral portion of the explosive suppressor 5a is The design increases the area that is inflated and crimped on the inner surface of the gun cavity to create the rotational resistance necessary to prevent free rotation.

Furthermore, since the gunpowder gas filling the annular groove 23 of the gunpowder holder 5a is at extremely high pressure, an extremely small amount of high-pressure gas is present between the respective end surfaces 21 and 15 where the gunpowder holder 5a and the rotor 6a are crimped against each other. invades. The pressure of this intruding gas tends to cause the rotor 6a to be slightly separated from the explosive suppressor 5a, and the rotational frictional resistance generated between the end faces 21 and 15 is extremely small and does not impede the rotation of the rotor 6a.

The gunpowder holder 5b shown in FIG. 9 is a design modification example of the gunpowder holder 5a shown in FIG.
a communicates with each communication groove 24. This gunpowder suppressor 5b also has a rotor 6 shown in FIG.
It is used in combination with a, and the action is as described in the second
This is similar to the example.

Next, a third embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, an annular gas guide path 26 having a larger diameter than the hole 13a is provided on the rotor side end surface 21 of the gunpowder suppressor 5c, and from this gas guide path 26, similar to FIG. This structure has a communication groove 24a branched in a predetermined direction.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the rotor 6'c has an annular groove 27 on the end surface 15 that is concentric with the axis.
This annular groove 27 is communicated with an air guide groove 25 having the same structure as in FIG. And the communication groove 2
4 a is arranged such that its end is located on a virtual circle having the same diameter as the outer circle of the annular groove 27 . Also, the rotor
A plurality of protrusions 18a having the same function as the protrusions 18 in FIG. 5 are provided on the front end surface 19 side of the outer peripheral surface of 6'c.

The slug 11 combined with this rotor 6'c is the first
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 17, a substantially hemispherical head and a cylindrical barrel are integrally molded, and the outer diameter of the barrel is the same as that of the cartridge 1 and the barrel as shown in FIG. It has a smaller diameter than the constriction part, and a cavity 28 is provided in the body part. There is a protrusion 2 on the end of the body opposite to the head.
9 and 30 protrude on the same radius and at equal intervals, and the apex surface 31 of these protrusions 29 and 30 is the 18th
As shown in the figure, a tapered surface is formed whose height decreases in the direction of rotation of the slug in the direction of the arrow.

On the other hand, the end surface 19 of the rotor 6'c is such that the protrusions 29 and 30 of the slug 11 are engaged in the rotational direction.
As shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 15, there is a concave groove 3.
2 and 33 are provided on the same radius.

Further, at the center of the end surface 15 of the rotor 6'c, a shaft 34 is inserted into the hole 13c of the gunpowder suppressor 5c.
are integrally protruded. This shaft 34 has a hole in the shaft 34 such that when the end surface 21 of the gunpowder suppressor 5c and the end surface 15 of the rotor 6'c are pressed together, a gap is created between the shaft 34 and the hole 13a to form a gas passage. 1
The cross-sectional area of the portion facing the shaft 3a is made smaller than the area of the hole 13a, and in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the cross-sectional shape of the shaft 34 is a square inscribed in the hole 13a.

Further, a truncated conical stopper 35 is formed at the tip of the shaft 34. The diameter of this stopper 35 is made larger than the diameter of the gas guide path 26 of the explosive suppressor 5c shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the gunpowder retainer 5c and the rotor 6'c are engaged with each other by the stopper 35 with a distance S between them.

An example of a design modification of the third embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 19.

The gunpowder suppressor 5d does not have the conical portion 14 shown in FIG. 11, and its outer diameter is made approximately equal to the inner diameter of the powder cartridge 1. Further, a stopper 37 made of a coating having a thickness having the required breaking strength is formed at the opening on the explosive side of the hole 13a.

On the other hand, the shaft 34a protruding from the center of the end surface 15 of the rotor 6'd has a structure in which the truncated conical stopper 35 in FIG.
A and the stopper 37 maintain a distance S between the facing end surfaces 21 and 15 of the explosive suppressor 5d and the rotor 6'd.

In addition, a disk 36 made of a highly rigid metal is buried within the wall thickness of the rotors 6'c and 6'd to provide reinforcement to prevent deformation of the rotors 6'c and 6'd due to explosive pressure. ing.

The operation of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 19 and its design changes will be explained with reference to FIG. 2.

Immediately after detonation of the gunpowder, the gunpowder suppressors 5c and 5d are moved to shaft 3.
The front end surfaces 19 of the rotors 6'c and 6'd try to push the slug 11 out of the canister 1 via the rotors 4 and 34a, but the canister 1 is pushed out by the palate 9 and the mouthpiece 10. Since the opening of the rotor 6' is sealed,
c, 6'd do not move. Therefore, in the cases shown in FIGS. 11 to 15 due to the increase in explosive pressure, the hole 13a of the highly flexible gunpowder suppressor 5c expands and passes through the stopper 35, so that its end surface 21 meets the end surface 15 of the rotor 6'c.
Crimp. In the case of FIG. 19, the stopper 37 of the coating is broken and the end surfaces 21 and 15 are pressed together in the same manner as described above.

The movement of the gunpowder suppressors 5c and 5d by the distance S shown in FIG. 2 at the beginning of this explosion is due to the expansion of the gunpowder chamber volume inside the cartridge 1, and for this reason, the sudden rise in explosion pressure is alleviated. It lowers the peak value of the cavity pressure to improve safety, and it also changes the quality of the recoil felt by the shooter's shoulder, reducing the unpleasant feeling of recoil.

The muzzle wrap 10 is released due to the subsequent increase in explosive pressure, and the gunpowder gas flowing into the gap between the hole 13a and the shafts 34, 34a flows through the gas guide path 26 and the communication groove 24.
annular grooves 27 provided in rotors 6'c and 6'd through a
The gas flows into the direction of the arrow and becomes a circulating gas flow in the air guide groove 2.
5, changes direction and is injected from the injection groove 17a into the gap 20 shown in FIG. 2, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the gun cavity through the gap 40 shown in FIG. That is,
The rotors 6'c and 6'd advance inside the gun cavity while rotating, as in the second embodiment.

Due to the rotation of the rotors 6'c and 6'd, the protrusion 2
The rotation is transmitted to the slug 11 engaged by the slugs 9 and 30, and the slug 11 is ejected through the gun cavity while rotating. Moreover, since the slug 11 is made of metal, the rotors 6'c and 6'd made of plastic
Harder. Then, due to the explosive pressure, the rotors 6'c, 6'd
is strongly pressed against the slug 11, so even if the grooves 32 and 33 are omitted, the protrusion 2 of the slug 11
The rotors 9 and 30 bite into the end surfaces 19 of the rotors 6'c and 6'd and are engaged, allowing transmission of rotation.
However, in this case, rotate the center of the slug 11 by 6'c.
For example, the 21st
As shown in the figure, consideration must be given to providing a cylindrical portion 38 in which the bottom peripheral surface of the slug 11 is inscribed on the slug side of the rotor 6'e.

A shotgun has a chiyoke barrel with a constricted gun cavity near the muzzle, and rotors 6'c and 6'c,
6'd passes, the protrusion 18a receives frictional resistance at the barrel constriction portion, and its advancing speed and rotational speed decrease. However, the protrusion 29 of the slug 11,
30 has a tapered apex surface 31, so the slug 11 separates from the rotors 6'c, 6'd at the moment when the advancement and rotational speed of the rotors 6'c, 6'd decreases.
The gun passes through the gun cavity and is ejected without contacting the barrel constriction part. In other words, a slug bullet loaded with a feed mechanism that engages the rotor and the slug unevenly with a tapered protrusion that functions as a one-way clutch exhibits extremely high accuracy without being affected by the constriction of the barrel.

In each of the above embodiments, the rotors 6'c, 6'd are rotors 6'c, 6'd, and the rotors 6'c, 6'd are rotors 6'c, 6'd, as rotation transmitting means. In addition to being applicable to any purpose by providing it in the above, various other applications are also possible. An example thereof will be described as a fourth embodiment with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21.

The rotor 6'e has a truncated conical tube portion 38 opening at its front end surface 19, and a plurality of long protrusions 39 in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface. Further, on the bottom surface 19a of the cylindrical portion 38, protrusions 29a and 30a having a tapered apex surface 31 having the same shape as the protrusions 29 and 30 are protruded on the same radius and at equal intervals.

The slug 11a combined with this rotor 6'e is similar to the slug 11 described above, but instead of the protrusions 29 and 30, holes 32a and 33a into which the protrusions 29a and 30a of the rotor 6'e fit are provided. It is.
Note that the above-mentioned protrusion 39 may be inclined instead of being parallel to the axis of the rotor 6'e, and since this protrusion 39 is inscribed in the inner surface of the gun cavity and is ejected, the axis of the slug 11a is also aligned with the axis of the gun cavity. It has the advantage of increasing accuracy as it is fired in perfect agreement with the target. This rotor 6'e is used in combination with the explosive suppressor 5 of the first embodiment, and its rotation and the action of the one-way clutch are as described above.

As described above, the feeding of shotgun bullets according to the present invention is to obtain forced dispersion by ejecting the shot from the muzzle after turning the shot. Not only does it have an extremely wide strong mark pattern when fired, but it also has the effect of making the bullet hole distribution close to each other, and when using slug bullets, it has the effect of increasing accuracy by rotating the slug at high speed. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a shot charge incorporating the feed of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a slug charge incorporating the feed of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a configuration of the feed of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a right side view of the gunpowder suppressor, Fig. 5 is a side view of the rotor for loading shotguns, Fig. 6 is a side view of the gunpowder suppressor.
The figure is a left end view of the same, FIG. 7 is a right end view of the same, FIG. 8 is a right end view showing the second embodiment of the gunpowder suppressor, and FIG.
The figure is a right side end view showing a design change example of the explosive suppressor shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 10 is a left side end view of the rotor combined with the explosive suppressor shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and Fig. 11 is an end view of the explosive suppressor shown in Fig. A side view showing the third embodiment, FIG. 12 is a right side view of the same, FIG. 13 is a side view of the rotor for slug loading, FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.
5 is a right end view of the rotor in FIG. 13, FIG. 16 is a side view of the slug, FIG. 17 is a left end view of the rotor, FIG. 18 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 16, and FIG. 19 is a side view of the rotor. 1
1 to 15 are sectional views showing examples of design changes to the explosive suppressor and rotor, FIG. 20 is an end view showing another embodiment of the rotor, and FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 20. It is. 1...Medicine, 4...Gunpowder, 5, 5a, 5
b, 5c, 5d...gunpowder suppressor, 6, 6a, 6'c,
6'd, 6'e...rotor, 7...blade, 8...shotgun, 9...palate, 10...mouth roll, 11, 11a
...slag, 12 ... recess, 13, 13a ...
Hole, 14... Conical part, 15... End face, 16...
Ventilation groove, 16a... Throttle part, 17, 17a... Injection groove, 19... End face, 20... Gap, 21... End face, 22, 22a... Starting point, 23... Annular groove, 2
4, 24a... Communication groove, 25... Air guide groove, 26...
...Gas guideway, 27...Annular groove, 28...Cavity,
29,30...Protrusion, 31...Vertex surface, 32,3
3... Concave groove, 34, 34a... Shaft, 35... Stopper, 36... Disk, 37... Stopper, 38...
...tube, 39... protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a shotgun cartridge in which the gunpowder, feed, and bullet are loaded in this order from the bottom of the bullet as in the case of a powder with a detonator, and the muzzle is rolled, the end faces facing each other at right angles to the axis of the cartridge are used. The gunpowder holder has a cylindrical rotor and a cylindrical gunpowder holder that can be slid and rotated. A plurality of gas injection grooves are provided in a predetermined direction on the end face of the explosive suppressing side at positions away from its axis, and the ends of the gas injection grooves open on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, and the other ends directly or The rotor is connected to a groove that communicates with the hole formed in the gunpowder holder through a groove provided on the end face of the rotor side of the holder, and the rotor has at least one groove that protrudes in the radial direction and has a diameter larger than the radius of the outer circumferential surface of the holder. 1. A shotgun ammunition feeder comprising: one protrusion, a protrusion ring, or a plurality of protrusions; and rotation transmission means for transmitting rotation of a rotor to a bullet. 2. Shotgun bullet feeding according to claim 1, wherein at least one groove communicating with the hole forming the gas passage and facing in a predetermined direction is provided on the end surface of the rotor side of the gunpowder retainer. . 3. A groove communicating with the hole forming the gas passage on the end surface of the rotor side of the gunpowder suppressor, and a groove connected to the groove,
and one annular groove located on the same radius of the axis. 3. The feeding method for a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, further comprising one annular groove located on the same radius of the axis. 4. A shotgun cartridge according to claim 1, wherein an annular groove is provided on the end face of the rotor on the gunpowder side, which communicates with the groove connected to the gas injection groove and is located on the same radius of the axis. Send. 5. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein at least one blade is provided in the axial direction on the end surface of the rotor on the bullet side. 6. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein at least one protrusion is provided on the end surface of the rotor on the bullet side. 7. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion concentric with the axis is provided on the end surface of the rotor on the bullet side. 8. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein a disk-shaped reinforcing member concentric with the axis is embedded in the middle of both end faces of the rotor. 9. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein a shaft having a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the hole forming the gas passage of the gunpowder holder is provided at the axis of the end face of the rotor on the gunpowder holder side. 10 A shaft with a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the hole that forms the gas passage for the explosive holder is provided at the axis of the end face of the rotor on the explosive holder side, and a hole that forms the gas passage for the explosive holder is provided at the tip of this shaft. Claim 1 in which a protruding ring or at least one protrusion with a diameter larger than the diameter is formed.
Feeding of shotgun ammunition as described in section. 11. The feeding of a shotgun bullet according to claim 1, wherein all or part of the gunpowder side opening of the hole forming the gas passage of the gunpowder stopper is covered with a member integrally formed with the gunpowder stopper.