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JPS6360201B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6360201B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6360201B2
JPS6360201B2 JP58078908A JP7890883A JPS6360201B2 JP S6360201 B2 JPS6360201 B2 JP S6360201B2 JP 58078908 A JP58078908 A JP 58078908A JP 7890883 A JP7890883 A JP 7890883A JP S6360201 B2 JPS6360201 B2 JP S6360201B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rotor
blade
tip
gas
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP58078908A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59203808A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP58078908A priority Critical patent/JPS59203808A/en
Publication of JPS59203808A publication Critical patent/JPS59203808A/en
Publication of JPS6360201B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6360201B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F01D5/048Form or construction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はセラミツクラジアルタービンロータに
関し、特にガスタービンエンジンやターボチヤー
ジヤに用いられるセラミツク製のラジアルタービ
ンロータに関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ceramic radial turbine rotor, and more particularly to a ceramic radial turbine rotor used in a gas turbine engine or a turbocharger.

近年は、ガスタービンやターボチヤージヤなど
の高温部品に、耐熱材料として優れた特性を有
し、その他の機械的特性においても金属材料に比
し劣らぬ適性のあるセラミツクスの適用が研究さ
れてきており、なかでもそのラジアル型のタービ
ンロータには窒化硅素や炭化硅素などのセラミツ
ク製品の実用化が進められている。
In recent years, research has been conducted into the application of ceramics, which have excellent heat-resistant properties and other mechanical properties that are comparable to metal materials, for high-temperature parts such as gas turbines and turbochargers. In particular, ceramic products such as silicon nitride and silicon carbide are being put into practical use for radial turbine rotors.

第1図は従来のこのようなセラミツクタービン
ロータの一例を示し、ここで、ロータ1は軸2と
共にセラミツクスで一体に形成されており、その
ロータデイスク部3の外周部には複数枚からなる
動翼4が軸対称に配置されている。その詳細は省
略するが、ガスはロータ1の周りに構成されてい
るハウジング5のガス流路6から動翼4の入口部
翼端4Aに導かれ、ここから動翼4に沿つてター
ビン出口7側へ流出するまでの間にタービンロー
タ1を回転させる仕事をする。
FIG. 1 shows an example of such a conventional ceramic turbine rotor, in which the rotor 1 and the shaft 2 are integrally formed of ceramics, and the rotor disk portion 3 has a plurality of rotor disks on the outer periphery. Wings 4 are arranged axially symmetrically. Although the details are omitted, gas is guided from the gas flow path 6 of the housing 5 constructed around the rotor 1 to the inlet blade tip 4A of the rotor blade 4, and from there along the rotor blade 4 to the turbine outlet 7. It works to rotate the turbine rotor 1 until it flows out to the side.

しかしながら、このような従来のセラミツクタ
ービンロータ1にあつては、動翼4の入口部翼端
4Aにおける先端形状が、断面でみると第2図に
示すように鋭い角型に形成されていた。そこで、
通例の場合400m/s以上の流速を有する高速の
ガスが入口部翼端4Aからロータ1の翼間に流入
する際に、ガスタービンの場合であれば内張用の
断熱材の微細な破片や、その燃焼器においてとき
に生成されるカーボン粒子、更にまたターボチヤ
ージヤの場合であれば排出ガス中の微粒子がガス
中に混入しているので、これらの微粒子が入口部
翼端4Aに衝突して、欠損させるという問題点が
あつた。
However, in such a conventional ceramic turbine rotor 1, the tip shape of the inlet blade tip 4A of the rotor blade 4 is formed into a sharp square shape when viewed in cross section as shown in FIG. Therefore,
In the case of a gas turbine, when high-speed gas with a flow velocity of 400 m/s or more flows between the blades of the rotor 1 from the inlet blade tip 4A, fine fragments of the lining insulation material or , carbon particles that are sometimes generated in the combustor, and in the case of a turbocharger, fine particles in the exhaust gas are mixed in the gas, so these fine particles collide with the inlet blade tip 4A, There was a problem with it being lost.

すなわち、セラミツクスは硬質ではあるが、比
較的に靭性がなく脆い材料であるので、極めて軽
量ではあつても高速のために運動量を有するガス
中の微粒子によつて翼端4Aの特に角部4Bに欠
損が生じやすく、このために空気力学的に見ても
損失が大きい。また、ときには動翼4全体の破損
事故を発生させる虞があつた。
In other words, although ceramic is hard, it is a brittle material with relatively low toughness, so even though it is extremely lightweight, due to the high speed, particles in the gas that have momentum can damage the blade tip 4A, especially the corner 4B. Defects are likely to occur, resulting in large losses from an aerodynamic point of view. In addition, there was a risk that the entire rotor blade 4 would be damaged in some cases.

また、特開昭46−6854号公報あるいは特開昭56
−52502号公報に示された動翼の入口部翼端にお
ける先端部の形状は、排ガス中に混入している微
粒子の飛来方向を考慮に入れて形成されたもので
はなく、このような形状をセラミツクラジアルタ
ービンロータに適用したのでは、先端部において
欠損が生じやすく、また、空気力学的にガスの流
体摩擦損失の低減を十分に図ることができない。
Also, JP-A-46-6854 or JP-A-56
The shape of the tip at the inlet end of the moving blade shown in Publication No. 52502 was not formed taking into account the flying direction of particulates mixed in the exhaust gas. When applied to a ceramic radial turbine rotor, damage is likely to occur at the tip, and the fluid friction loss of gas cannot be sufficiently reduced from an aerodynamic perspective.

本発明の目的は、このような問題点に着目し、
動翼特にそのガス入口部翼先端における破損を防
止することのできるセラミツクラジアルタービン
ロータを提供することにある。
The purpose of the present invention is to focus on such problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic radial turbine rotor that can prevent damage to the moving blades, particularly at the tips of the gas inlet blades.

かかる目的を達成するために、翼のガス入口部
の先端の断面形状を先端では曲率半径の小さい曲
線となし、該先端に続く動翼の負圧面側では曲率
半径の大きい曲線で形成する。
To achieve this purpose, the cross-sectional shape of the tip of the gas inlet portion of the blade is formed into a curved line with a small radius of curvature at the tip, and a curved line with a large radius of curvature on the suction surface side of the rotor blade following the tip.

以下、図面に基づいて本発明を詳細に説明す
る。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

第3A図および第3B図は本発明の一実施例を
示すもので、これらの図においては動翼4の入口
部翼端4Aにおけるその先端断面形状のみを示す
が、ここで動翼4は反時計回りの方向に回転する
ものとする。なお、その他の構成は省略するが、
その構成については第1図に示したと同様とす
る。
Figures 3A and 3B show an embodiment of the present invention, and in these figures, only the cross-sectional shape of the tip at the inlet tip 4A of the rotor blade 4 is shown. It shall rotate in a clockwise direction. Although other configurations are omitted,
Its configuration is the same as that shown in FIG.

本例は翼先端の断面形状を曲率半径の小さい曲
線4Eで、更にまた翼先端に続く翼負圧面側の翼
端形状を曲率半径の大きい曲線4Fで形成するよ
うにして、翼4と両面の線とこれらの曲線4Eお
よび4Fとを何れも滑らかに連続させるようにし
たものである。
In this example, the cross-sectional shape of the blade tip is formed by a curve 4E with a small radius of curvature, and the blade tip shape on the suction side of the blade following the blade tip is formed by a curve 4F with a large radius of curvature. The line and these curves 4E and 4F are all made to continue smoothly.

このように構成したタービンロータ1にあつて
は、入口部翼端4Aにおける断面形状がその先端
部において厚さが減じられているので空気力学的
にガスの流体摩擦損失を低減することができる。
以下にこのように構成した理由について述べる。
In the turbine rotor 1 configured in this manner, since the cross-sectional shape of the inlet blade tip 4A has a reduced thickness at the tip, it is possible to aerodynamically reduce the fluid friction loss of the gas.
The reason for this configuration will be described below.

一般に、この種のラジアルタービンロータ1で
は、設計の時点でその入口部翼端4Aに流入して
くるガスのロータ1に対する相対速度の方向が翼
4の軸方向と一致するようにして理論的に無衝突
な状態が得られるようにしている。すなわち、第
3A図に示す速度三角形のように、動翼4の周速
をU1としたときにガスの流入速度とその方向を
C1とすることによつてガスのロータ1に対する
相対速度がC0で示されるようになり、上述した
無衝突状態を実現することができる。
Generally, in this type of radial turbine rotor 1, the direction of the relative velocity of the gas flowing into the inlet blade tip 4A with respect to the rotor 1 is theoretically set to coincide with the axial direction of the blade 4 at the time of design. This ensures a collision-free state. In other words, as shown in the velocity triangle shown in Figure 3A, when the circumferential speed of the rotor blade 4 is U 1 , the gas inflow velocity and its direction are
By setting C 1 , the relative velocity of the gas with respect to the rotor 1 is represented by C 0 , and the above-mentioned collision-free state can be realized.

しかるに一方、タービンロータ1にその上流か
らガスの流れに乗つて飛来してくる微粒子はその
密度がガスの少なくとも1000倍以上であるため
に、完全にはガスの流れに乗り切らず、そこで入
口部翼端4Aの位置では微粒子の飛来方向とその
速度が、第3B図で示すC2の状態となり、した
がつて微粒子のロータ1に対する相対速度とその
方向はC02で示されるようになる。
However, on the other hand, the fine particles that fly into the turbine rotor 1 from upstream along with the gas flow have a density that is at least 1000 times that of the gas, so they do not completely survive the gas flow, and the inlet blades At the position of the end 4A, the flying direction and velocity of the particles are in the state C2 shown in FIG. 3B, and therefore the relative velocity and direction of the particles with respect to the rotor 1 are as shown by C02 .

すなわち、第5B図からも明らかなように、微
粒子は動翼4の負圧面4G側から流速C02の大き
さと方向でもつて翼面に衝突するので、上述した
ように負圧面4G側に偏した入口部翼端4Aの断
面形状を緩やかな曲線を用いて形成することによ
り、この部の対衝突性を高めることができる。
That is, as is clear from Fig. 5B, the fine particles collide with the blade surface from the suction surface 4G side of the rotor blade 4 with the magnitude and direction of the flow velocity C02 , so that the particles are biased toward the suction surface 4G side as described above. By forming the cross-sectional shape of the inlet blade tip 4A using a gentle curve, the collision resistance of this portion can be improved.

なお、このような微粒子の飛来方向とその衝突
位置等について上述したような結果の得られるこ
とを本願人は実験によつて確認した。
The applicant has confirmed through experiments that the above-mentioned results can be obtained regarding the flying direction of the fine particles and the collision position thereof.

以上説明してきたように、本発明によれば、動
翼のガス入口部における先端の断面形状を先端で
は曲率半径の小さい曲線となし、これに続く動翼
負圧面側を曲率半径の大きい曲線で形成するよう
にしたので、上流からガス流に乗つて飛翔する微
粒物の衝突によつて翼端近傍が欠損したりするの
が防止でき、入口部翼端における耐異物衝突性の
向上が図られ、更に動翼全体の破損につながる事
故を防止することができる。また、空気力学的に
ガスの流体摩擦損失を低減することができ、空力
性能の向上を図ることができる。
As explained above, according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the tip at the gas inlet of the rotor blade is a curve with a small radius of curvature at the tip, and the suction side of the rotor blade following this is a curve with a large radius of curvature. This makes it possible to prevent damage to the vicinity of the blade tips due to collisions with fine particles flying from upstream on the gas flow, and improves the resistance to foreign object collisions at the inlet blade tips. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent accidents that could lead to damage to the entire rotor blade. Further, it is possible to reduce the fluid friction loss of the gas from an aerodynamic perspective, and it is possible to improve the aerodynamic performance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は従来のセラミツクラジアルタービンロ
ータの形状とその概要を一例として示す断面図、
第2図はそのA−A線断面図、第3A図および第
3B図は本発明の実施例として翼先端の形状をガ
スの速度三角形と共に示す断面図および翼先端の
形状を飛翔微粒物の速度三角形と共に示す断面図
である。 1…セラミツクタービンロータ、2…軸、3…
ロータデイスク、4…動翼、4A…入口部翼端、
4B…角部、4E…曲線、4F…曲線、4G…負
圧面、5…ハウジング、6…ガス流路、7…ター
ビン出口、U1,C0,C1,C01,C2,C02…速度
(ベクトル)。
Figure 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the shape and outline of a conventional ceramic radial turbine rotor;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A, and Figures 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views showing the shape of the blade tip together with the velocity triangle of the gas as an embodiment of the present invention, and the shape of the blade tip showing the velocity of flying fine particles. It is a sectional view shown together with a triangle. 1... Ceramic turbine rotor, 2... Shaft, 3...
Rotor disk, 4... moving blade, 4A... inlet wing tip,
4B... Corner, 4E... Curve, 4F... Curve, 4G... Negative pressure surface, 5... Housing, 6... Gas flow path, 7... Turbine outlet, U 1 , C 0 , C 1 , C 01 , C 2 , C 02 ...velocity (vector).

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 複数のセラミツク製の動翼を有し、該動翼の
翼先端部に沿つてガス入口部が形成されるセラミ
ツクラジアルタービンロータにおいて、前記動翼
の前記ガス入口部における先端部の断面形状を、
先端では曲率半径の小さい曲線となし、該先端に
続く前記動翼の負圧面側では曲率半径の大きい曲
線で形成したことを特徴とするセラミツクラジア
ルタービンロータ。
1. In a ceramic radial turbine rotor having a plurality of ceramic rotor blades and in which a gas inlet portion is formed along the blade tip portion of the rotor blade, the cross-sectional shape of the tip portion of the gas inlet portion of the rotor blade is ,
A ceramic radial turbine rotor characterized in that a tip has a curve with a small radius of curvature, and a suction surface side of the rotor blade following the tip has a curve with a large radius of curvature.
JP58078908A 1983-05-07 1983-05-07 Rotor for ceramic radial turbine Granted JPS59203808A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58078908A JPS59203808A (en) 1983-05-07 1983-05-07 Rotor for ceramic radial turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58078908A JPS59203808A (en) 1983-05-07 1983-05-07 Rotor for ceramic radial turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59203808A JPS59203808A (en) 1984-11-19
JPS6360201B2 true JPS6360201B2 (en) 1988-11-22

Family

ID=13674931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58078908A Granted JPS59203808A (en) 1983-05-07 1983-05-07 Rotor for ceramic radial turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59203808A (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6026204U (en) * 1983-07-28 1985-02-22 京セラ株式会社 Ceramic cylinder bolata
JPS6388204A (en) * 1986-10-01 1988-04-19 Ngk Insulators Ltd Ceramic radial turbine rotor
JP2946609B2 (en) * 1989-03-08 1999-09-06 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Ceramic turbine wheel
JPH04100002U (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-08-28
JP6019794B2 (en) * 2012-06-20 2016-11-02 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Radial turbine rotor and variable capacity turbocharger equipped with the same
JP2017193985A (en) * 2016-04-19 2017-10-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Turbine impeller

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3032593A1 (en) * 1979-09-18 1981-04-02 General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Composite turbine rotor with radial blades

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59203808A (en) 1984-11-19

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