JPS6361924B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a flowering promoter useful for promoting flowering in the cultivation of plants of the pineapple family, such as pineapple. Pineapple, a member of the family Pineapple, is produced in tropical and warm regions.A year and a half after seedlings are planted, they are treated with chemicals to differentiate into flower buds, and the fruits are produced in about 150 days. In order to equalize the labor force during harvest, chemical treatment is systematically carried out twice a year, in spring and summer, and harvesting is carried out in autumn and spring. Conventionally, naphthalene-sodium acetate-based chemicals have been used in the spring, and calcium carbide has been used in the summer because they have a good bud emergence rate, but naphthalene-sodium acetate-based chemicals are carcinogenic, so Calcium carbide was banned early on in Japan, and in recent years it has stopped being used in Japan as well, which is why calcium carbide has come to be used even in the spring. Calcium carbide, which is used for the purpose of improving the bud emergence rate, is, for example, added to the core of pineapple as an aqueous acetylene solution in an amount of approximately
The method used is to apply about 10 c.c. of calcium carbide or to sprinkle granular calcium carbide directly onto the core. It is also known that nighttime spraying has a better bud emergence rate than daytime spraying. However, since night spraying requires the concentration of labor at night and is performed in tropical regions where the working environment is poor, there are problems such as the danger to human life of being bitten by a poisonous snake, such as a venomous snake. On the other hand, if an acetylene aqueous solution or granular calcium carbide is sprayed during the daytime, there is a problem that most of the acetylene gas will be released from the acetylene aqueous solution or granular calcium carbide during the day, making it ineffective. This divergence is particularly significant in the summer when temperatures are high. For this reason, in the current situation where spraying is carried out exclusively at night, there has been a strong demand in the pineapple cultivation industry for the development of a flowering promoter composition that can achieve a bud emergence rate equal to or higher than spraying at night even when sprayed during the day. was. The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive research on a flowering promoter that can be safely and easily sprayed during the day and has the same excellent bud emergence rate as sprayed at night, and has unexpectedly discovered that calcium carbide can be applied as a water-soluble coating material. The present invention was completed based on the knowledge that the above-mentioned problems can be solved all at once when the particles are contained and dispersed. That is, the present invention is a flowering promoter for plants of the Pinuplaceae family, characterized in that calcium carbide is included in a water-soluble coating material, and is a novel flowering agent that provides a significantly superior bud emergence rate even when sprayed during the day. It provides an accelerator. As used in the present invention, plants of the family Pineapple refer to plants belonging to the class Monocotyledonaceae, the order Tsuyukuracea, and the family Pinefamily, which are listed in the Makino New Japan Plant Illustrated Encyclopedia (published by Hokuryukan, 9th edition, 1966). Pineapple (also known as Annas comosus) as a plant
Merr.) can be cited as an example. Calcium carbide as used in the present invention refers to what is generally called industrial carbide, and this industrial carbide usually has an acetylene generation amount of about 275 to about 300/Kg (calcium carbide content of about 75 to about 80%). ) are commercially available, and these industrial carbides can be used as the flowering promoter component of the present invention without any restrictions. In addition to calcium carbide, industrial carbides include free carbon, silicic anhydride, iron oxide,
quicklime, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide,
Contains calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride, calcium sulfide, etc. The form of this industrial carbide may be either powder or granule, but it is preferably granular, with a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm.
Particularly preferred is a thickness of 2 to 5 mm. The water-soluble coating material in the present invention refers to a material whose main component is a natural or synthetic polymer capable of forming a water-soluble film, and which can contain calcium carbide. The form of the coating material may be a water-soluble sheet or film as it is, a re-molding of the water-soluble sheet or film, a sheet shape having various thicknesses by extrusion or cast molding, etc. Examples include bag-like, cylindrical, and spherical shapes. The above-mentioned water-soluble coating material is one that dissolves in water when applied to the core of a pineapple family plant wrapped in calcium carbide as a flowering promoter, and does not interfere with the growth of the pineapple family plant. Any of these can be used, but among these water-soluble coating materials, those made from polysaccharides, proteins, synthetic glues, and starches are preferred because they are easily available. For example, polysaccharide materials include gum arabic, pectin, guaran, guar gum,
Examples include locust, bean gum, alginic acid and its salts, agar, carrageenan, konjac powder, xanthan gum, galactan, etc. Proteins include wheat protein, soybean protein, casein,
Albumin, gelatin, etc., synthetic glues such as sodium alginate, propylene alginate, glycol, cellulose sodium glycolate or calcium, sodium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, sodium polyacrylate, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. Examples of starches include arrowroot starch, wheat starch, and dextrin. These materials may be used alone or in various combinations of two or more. Further, these water-soluble coating materials are not particularly limited, and may be manufactured by conventionally known manufacturing methods or commercially available materials. The flowering promoter of the present invention contains calcium carbide in a water-soluble coating material, and the preferred form of the water-soluble coating material is a capsule or a bag because it is convenient for packaging. It is also convenient and preferable to coat the surface of calcium carbide with a water-soluble coating material and use it as a coating film. The above-mentioned methods of inclusion include, for example, enclosing about 0.1 to 1.0 g of powdered or granular calcium carbide in a gelatin capsule, or enclosing and sealing it in a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol bag. It can be carried out. In this case, in addition to calcium carbide, other substances useful for promoting flowering may be used, such as activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, sawdust, zeolite, montmorillonite, pumice, porous plastics, foamed concrete, Other oils, surfactants, other growth promoters, etc. can also be included. In addition, as a method for coating the surface of calcium carbide with a water-soluble coating material,
For example, by adding calcium carbide into a solution of a water-soluble coating material dissolved in a solvent that does not react with calcium carbide, a coating film can be formed on the surface of calcium carbide to an arbitrary thickness depending on the purpose. . The flowering promoter of the Pineapple family plant of the present invention is
Calcium carbide is coated with a water-soluble coating material. For example, one capsule of pineapple core or approximately 0.1 to 1.0 g of calcium carbide coated with a water-soluble coating material is sprayed during the day, which is the same as spraying at night. It is a useful flowering accelerator for systematic cultivation, and it is also preferred by the industry as it has minimal weathering of calcium carbide even after long-term storage and is safe. It is of great value.
The present invention will be explained in detail in the following examples. Example 1 3 mm granular industrial carbide (manufactured by Nippon Carbide Industries Co., Ltd.; CaC ₂ purity 79%) was coated with a polyvinyl alcohol film (manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku Co., Ltd.; trade name:
A flowering accelerator was prepared using HiSelon C type (40 microns thick) and wrapped in 0.5g portions using a packaging machine. This flowering promoter was applied to the core of the pineapple tree in the daytime (11 a.m. to 3 p.m.), and the bud emergence rate was determined after 40 days had elapsed. The result is the first
Bring it out on the table. Example 2 0.5 g of 3 mm granular industrial carbide (manufactured by Nippon Carbide Industries Co., Ltd.; CaC ₂ purity 80%) was encapsulated in a gelatin capsule (8 mmφ x 15 mm; thickness 0.3 mm),
A flowering promoter was obtained. This was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the bud emergence rate was examined. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 3 10 g of gelatin was dissolved in 100 g of ethanol, and 10 g of the same granular industrial carbide used in Example 1 was added thereto. After thorough stirring, the ethanol was removed and the surface of the granular industrial carbide was covered with gelatin. A flowering promoter was obtained by coating with a film to a thickness of 30 microns. This was sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1 and the bud emergence rate was examined. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 The same granular industrial carbide used in Example 1 was used without water-soluble coating material at 0.5 g/plant.
The seeds were sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the bud emergence rate was examined. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 2 An acetylene aqueous solution containing 100 g of the same industrial carbide used in Example 1 in 1000 c.c. of water was sprayed on the core at 5 c.c./plant in the same manner as in Example 1. , the bud emergence rate was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1. 【table】

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A flowering promoter for plants of the family Pineapple, characterized in that calcium carbide is included in a water-soluble coating material. 2. The flowering promoter for plants of the family Pineapple family according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble coating material is a coating material selected from polysaccharides, proteins, synthetic glues, and starches. 3. The flowering promoter for plants of the family Pineapple family according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble coating material is in the form of a capsule or a bag. 4. The flowering promoter for plants of the family Pineapple family according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble coating material is in the form of a coating film.