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JPS6366569B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6366569B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6366569B2
JPS6366569B2 JP58035219A JP3521983A JPS6366569B2 JP S6366569 B2 JPS6366569 B2 JP S6366569B2 JP 58035219 A JP58035219 A JP 58035219A JP 3521983 A JP3521983 A JP 3521983A JP S6366569 B2 JPS6366569 B2 JP S6366569B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
particles
fibers
sheet product
web
absorbent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP58035219A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS58163438A (ja
Inventor
Erizabesu Korupin Baabara
Chaaruzu Buraunrii Debitsudo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23394979&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=JPS6366569(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Publication of JPS58163438A publication Critical patent/JPS58163438A/ja
Publication of JPS6366569B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6366569B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
    • A61F13/15658—Forming continuous, e.g. composite, fibrous webs, e.g. involving the application of pulverulent material on parts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15821—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing
    • A61F2013/15934—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for making non-woven
    • A61F2013/15967—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing characterized by the apparatus for manufacturing for making non-woven by meltblown technique
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
    • A61F2013/530489—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material
    • A61F2013/530496—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material being fixed to fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/903—Microfiber, less than 100 micron diameter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/619—Including other strand or fiber material in the same layer not specified as having microdimensions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/626—Microfiber is synthetic polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/627—Strand or fiber material is specified as non-linear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/627—Strand or fiber material is specified as non-linear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y10T442/632—A single nonwoven layer comprising non-linear synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material and strand or fiber material not specified as non-linear
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は繊維ウエブおよび該ウエブ中に含まれ
る吸収性粒子からなる吸収性シート製品に関す
る。 多くの以前の研究者は多量の液体、特に水性液
体を加圧下に吸収し、そして、保持する「超吸収
剤」粒子、たとえば、改質殿粉または他の重合体
粒子を添加することにより繊維状ウエブ製品の吸
収性を増加させることを研究していた。そのよう
な吸収剤を添加することにより製造した従来の製
品はすべて重大な制限を有していた。たとえば、
２枚の薄葉紙の間に接着されている吸収性粒子か
らなる一つの市販製品は使用中分解し、それによ
つて吸収性粒子は製品の外に出て、処理される液
体中に洗い出される。本質的に吸収性粒子の単一
相が接着されている。むしろ硬い開放網目編織物
またはチーズ クロスからなる別の市販製品は限
定された量の液体を吸収するのみである。 米国特許第4103062号に教示されている別の製
品は空気積層セルロース繊維ウエブ中に粒子を分
散させ、熱と圧力でウエブの密度を高めて強度を
増加させて製造している。密度の高いウエブは非
膨張性であり、かつ、ウエブの端の吸収性粒子は
最初に吸収した液体で膨潤し、ウエブの内部へそ
れ以上液体が浸透するのを妨げるから、この製品
は限定された量の液体を吸収するのみである。米
国特許第4105033号は繊維層により分離された間
隔をあけた層に吸収粒子を分配して、そのような
端での封鎖現象を避けることを見い出している
が、そのような組織は付加的な加工工程を必要と
し、かつ、層剥離し易くなる。他の製品では、吸
収性粒子がゆるい繊維状ウエブ中に単にカスケー
ドされている（米国特許第3670731号参照）。けれ
ども、米国特許第4103062号および米国特許第
4105033号の両特許は粒子を均一に付着させるこ
とは困難であり、ウエブをその加工、貯蔵、輸送
または使用中ウエブ中で粒子が動き易いから、そ
のような方法では不均一な性質になると指摘して
いる。 米国特許第4235237号は揮発性液体に分散した
吸収性材料を繊維状ウエブに噴霧し、浸漬し、ま
たは、別の方法で接触させる別の試みを教示して
いる。揮発性液体が蒸発すると主として繊維の交
点で吸収剤粒子が繊維を包んでいるウエブとな
る。この試みの欠点は、製品を製造するのに多数
の工程を必要とし、ウエブに加えることができる
吸収剤の量に制限があり、乾燥したウエブがもろ
く、ウエブ表面で吸収剤材料の濃度が高くなる傾
向がある。 本発明はいかなる既知の従来の技術の製品の性
能より優れた独特な可能性を有する新規な吸収性
シート製品を提供する。簡単に述べれば、この新
規なシート製品は吹き付け繊維を凝集させたウエ
ブと、そのウエブ中に分散させた固体高吸収性液
体吸収性重合体粒子の配列からなつている。吹き
付け繊維は高速ガス流中に液状繊維形成性材料を
押出し、押出した材料を細くし、繊維に延伸する
ことにより製造する。繊維の流れを形成させ、そ
れを、たとえば、からませた凝集体として、繊維
の流れの中に設置したスクリーン上に集める。本
発明では吸収性粒子を、たとえば、米国特許第
3971373号が教示する方法によつて繊維の流れの
中に導入してもよく、そして、繊維と粒子の混合
物をからませた凝集体として集め、吸収性粒子は
捕捉され、さもなければ物理的に保持される。粒
子充てん繊維状ウエブは本質的に一工程で形成さ
れ、そして、必要な単なるそれ以上の工程は使用
するための大きさに簡単に切り、そして包装する
ことである。 本発明のシート製品は集合した吹き付け繊維が
広範囲にわたつてからみ合い、またはもつれ合つ
ており、そして、強い凝集ウエブを形成し、吸収
性粒子はこのウエブ中に永続的に担持され、そし
て、保有されるから、液体に浸漬前および後に一
体化しており、かつ、取り扱い易い。 主として個々の吸収性粒子の吸収能力による量
の大量の液体を吸収することができる。外見上吸
収粒子はウエブ構造によつて別々に担持され、膨
潤が起こる前に液体が個々の粒子を包むから、シ
ート製品のたとえ内部にある吸収性粒子によつて
も液体は吸収される。たとえば、液体によつて湿
潤する繊維形成性材料を使用することにより、ま
たは、ウエブ形成工程中、更に吸収を助ける界面
活性剤を添加することにより、ウエブの繊維は吸
収する液体によつて湿潤することが好ましい。 吸収性粒子は吸収中膨潤し、そして、大きさが
膨張し、そして、吹き付け繊維は広範囲にからみ
合つているが、繊維のウエブは粒子が膨張するの
に従つて膨張し、吸収した液体は製品が圧力を受
けても吸収した液体を製品中に保持することにな
る。 図面の簡単な説明 第１図は本発明を実施するのに使用する装置の
略図である。 第２図は本発明のシート製品の一部を非常に拡
大した部分図である。 第３Ａ図は第３Ｂ図は本発明のシート製品の側
面図である。第３Ａ図は使用する前のシート製品
を示し、第３Ｂ図は少なからぬ量の液体を吸収さ
せるのに使用した後のシート製品を示す。 本発明を実施する最良方法 本発明のシート製品を製造するのに有用な代表
的方法の大要を第１図に示す。溶融吹き付け繊維
の粒子充てんウエブを製造する装置は米国特許第
3971373号に教示されている装置に一般に類似し
ている。溶融吹き付け繊維を形成させる装置の一
部はウエント、バンA.，（Wente，Van A.，）の
インダストリアル・エンジニアリング・ケミスト
リー（Industrial Engineering Chemistry第48巻
1342ページ以下参照（1956）「スーパーフアイ
ン・サーモプラスチツク・フアイバーズ
（Superfine Thermoplastic Fibers）」、または、
ウエント，V.A；ブーン，E.L.（Boone，E.L.）
およびフルハーテイ，C.D.（Fluharty，C.D.）に
よる「マニフアクチヤー・オブ・スーパーフアイ
ン・オーガニツク・フアイバーズ（Manufacture
of Superfine Organic Fibers）」の題目で1954
年５月25日公表された「ネーバル・リサーチ・ラ
ボラトリース（Naval Research
Laboratories）」報告No.4364に記述されている。
図解した装置は２個の成形型１０および１１を有
し、それらは溶融重合体が押出される一列に並べ
た平行成型型オリフイス１２の一組、および、非
常な高速で加熱空気を吹き出す共働空気オリフイ
ス１３を包含する。空気は押出した重合体材料を
引出し、そして細くし、ガスの流れの中で短時間
進行後、押出した材料は繊維の集合体として固化
する。本発明では、好ましくは２個の成形型を使
用し、そこから流出する繊維の流れ１４と１５は
集合機１７に続く一つの流れ１６を形成するよう
に交叉させて配列する。集合機は微細な孔があい
た円筒状スクリーン、またはドラム、または移動
ベルトの形をとつてもよい。微細繊維の集めたウ
エブ１８を集合機から取り出し、貯蔵ロールに巻
く。ガス吸引装置を集合機のうしろに置き、繊維
の付着およびガスの除去を助ける。 第１図に示す装置はまた本発明のシート製品に
吸収性粒子を導入する装置を包含する。望ましく
は、この装置は交叉する点で溶融吹きつけ繊維の
二つの流れに合流する吸収性粒子の流れ２０を導
入する。そのような配列は集合した繊維状ウエブ
に粒子を最高に付与することができると考えられ
る。変法として、単一の成形型を成形型から流出
する繊維の流れと交叉するように配列させた一つ
またはそれ以上の粒子の流れと共に使用してもよ
い。繊維および吸収性粒子の流れは第１図に示す
ように水平の通路で進めてもよく、またはそれら
は重力に一般に平行であるように垂直に進めても
よい。 第１図に説明した代表的装置では、繊維の流れ
に吸収性粒子を供給する装置は粒子を貯蔵するホ
ツパー２２、磁気バルブまたは米国特許第
3661302号に記述されている計量装置のような計
量装置２３からなり、計量装置はあらかじめ決め
た速度で導管２４に粒子を計量し、空気翼車２５
は第二導管２６を通して空気を吹き出し、それに
よつて導管２４から第二導管２６に粒子を引出
し、ノズル２７を通して、粒子を粒子の流れ２０
として噴出する。ノズル２７は広口の薄いオリフ
イスを形成させるため円筒状管の末端を平らにし
てもよい。粒子の流れ２０中の粒子の量は導管２
６を通る空気流の速度と計量装置２３によつて通
過する粒子の速度により制御する。 溶融吹き付け繊維が本発明のシート製品に極め
て好ましいが、繊維形成性材料が揮発性溶剤を含
む液体から造られる溶液吹きつけ繊維もまた使用
することができる。米国特許第4011067号はその
ような繊維のウエブを製造するのに有用な装置お
よび方法を記述しているが、本発明のシート製品
を製造するには、その特許に示されている単一の
オリフイスよりも多数の隣接するオリフイスを通
して、一般には繊維形成性材料を押出す。 粒子は繊維が粒子と点接触のみを形成するよう
繊維が十分固化する点で繊維の流れに導入する
（米国特許第3971373号が教示するように）のが好
ましい。けれども、粒子は粒子と接触する領域を
造る条件下で繊維と混合することもできる。 吸収性粒子を繊維の流れに一度合流すると、本
発明のシート製品の製造方法は一般に他の吹き付
け繊維ウエブの製造方法と同じであり、集合機、
集合方法、集合ウエブの取扱い方法は粒子を充て
んしない吹き付け繊維ウエツブの製造方法と一般
に同じである。 いかなる１回転で形成される繊維と粒子の層、
および本発明本発明の完全なシート製品は厚さを
広範囲に変えてもよい。本発明のシート製品のほ
とんどの用途に対し約0.05〜２cmの厚さを使用す
る。ある適用に対しては、本発明の２枚またはそ
れ以上の別々に形成させたシート製品を１枚の厚
いシート製品として集合してもよい。また、本発
明のシート製品は最終のシート製品の一部を形成
させるために多孔質不織ウエブのような別のシー
ト材料に繊維および吸収性粒子の流れを付着させ
て製造してもよい。不浸透性フイルムのような他
の構造を機械的かみ合い、熱結合または接着剤に
よつて本発明のシート製品に積層することができ
る。 本発明のシート製品は集合後さらに加工しても
よい、たとえば、シート製品に模様をつけるた
め、または吸収性粒子の保有性を増すために、シ
ートカリパス（sheet caliper）を制御するよう
熱と圧力をかけて圧縮してもよい。吹き付け繊維
以外の他の繊維を米国特許第4118531号が教示す
る方法でシート製品に導入してもよい。たとえ
ば、その特許に記述されているように捲縮したか
さ高繊維をよりかさ高の、または軽量のシート製
品を造るために吸収性粒子と共に吹き付け繊維と
いつしよに混合してもよい。 そのような吹き付け繊維は繊維の単位容量当り
粒子の接触点をより多くしたいから、直径が約
10μより小さい平均値を有する微細繊維が好まし
い。非常に細い繊維、すなわち、直径が5μより
小さい、または1μでさえの平均値である非常に
細い繊維を特に非常に小さい大きさの吸収性粒子
と共に使用してもよい。溶液吹き付け繊維は1μ
より小さい繊維を包含する非常に小さい直径で造
ることができる利益を有している。太い繊維、た
とえば、直径が25μまたはそれ以上の平均値の繊
維は、特に溶融吹き付け法で製造してもよい。 吹き付け繊維状ウエブは繊維を極端にからめさ
せていることを特徴とし、それによつてウエブに
凝集力および強度を付与し、そして、ウエブに粒
子材料を含有させ、そして保有させるように適合
させる。吹き付け繊維の縦横比（長さの直径に対
する比）は、たとえば繊維が不連続であると報告
されているとはいえ、無限に近づいている。繊維
は長く、そして、十分にからんでいる、すなわ
ち、一般に繊維の集合体から１本の完全な繊維を
取り除くこと、または、最初から最後まで１本の
繊維をたどることは不可能である。そのようなか
らみ合いにもかかわらず第３Ａ図にシート２８に
より表わされるようなシート製品は第３Ｂ図に示
すように吸収中大きさが非常に膨張する。本発明
のシート製品は一般に吸収中元の厚さの少なくと
も３倍に膨張し、より代表的には、その元の厚さ
の５倍または10倍またはそれ以上膨張張する。 繊維は広範囲の種類の繊維形成性材料から形成
させてもよい。溶融吹き付け繊維を形成させる代
表的な重合体はポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、
ポリエチレンテレフタレート、およびポリアミド
を包含する。溶液吹き付け繊維を形成させる代表
的重合体は酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニルおよびフツ化
ビニリデンの重合体または共重合体を包含する。
無機材料もまた有用な繊維を形成する。種々の繊
維形成性材料の繊維を一つの層、または種々の層
で混合物の形で本発明のある実施態様で同じシー
ト製品で使用してもよい。 多くの繊維形成性材料は水吸収性シート製品に
望ましくない疎水性繊維を形成する。そのような
用途に対するシート製品を改良するために、ウエ
ブに吸収性粉末を導入する前に吸収性粒子と界面
活性剤の粉末を混合するか、または、ウエブを形
成させた後ウエブに界面活性剤の液体を噴霧し
て、粉末または液体形態の界面活性剤をシート製
品に導入してもよい。代表的には親油性および親
水性部分を有する分子からなる有用な界面活性剤
はスルホコハク酸ナトリウムのジオクチルエステ
ルおよびアルキルアリールポリエーテルアルコー
ルを包含する。シート製品の0.05〜１重量％のよ
うな少量の界面活性剤で一般に十分な親水性を付
与するが、より多い量を使用することもできる。
水吸収性粒子と共に親油性繊維を使用すると繊維
状ウエブは油のような有機液体を吸収し、同時に
粒子は水を吸収する二重の吸収性能を有する利益
を持つことができる。 上記のように本発明で使用する吸収性粒子は加
圧下にも大量の液体を迅速に吸し収、かつ、保持
する一般に超吸収性粒子である。水を吸収する好
ましい粒子は例が米国特許第3981100号に記述さ
れている改質殿粉および親水性基を有する高分子
量アクリル重合体からなつている。広範囲の種類
のそのような水不溶性水吸収性粒子は商業的に利
用することができ、それらは代表的には水をその
重量の20倍またはそれ以上、そして、好ましくは
水をその重量の100倍またはそれ以上吸収する。
吸収される水の量は水に含まれる不純物によつて
減少する。アルキルスチレン吸収性粒子〔商品名
（イムバイバー ビース（Imbiber Beads）」でダ
ウ ケミカル社（Dow Chemical Company）に
よつて市販されているようなもの〕は水以外の液
体を吸収するのに有用である。それらはそのよう
な液体をその重量の５倍または10倍またはそれ以
上吸収する。一般に吸収性粒子は少なくともそれ
自体の重量の液体を吸収しなければならない。 吸収性粒子は平均直径が少なくとも50〜3000μ
で大きさを変えてもよい。好ましくは、粒子は平
均直径が75〜1500μである。 本発明のシート製品に含まれる吸収性粒子の容
積は製品が造られる特別な用途に依存し、ウエブ
の一体性または、強度、または所望のウエブの厚
さのような性質と所望の吸収量とを釣合わせるこ
とを包含する。一般に吸収性粒子はシート製品の
固形分含有量の少なくとも１容量％、および、よ
り代表的には少なくとも20容量％を占める（「固
形分含有量」は、かさ容量と対照的に使用され、
シート製品の物理的成分に関係し、それらの成分
の間にある空所または間隙ではない。）。けれど
も、10容量％以下のまたは20容量％以下の量も有
効であり、かかる量はもつと高い負荷量で粒子を
保有する場合よりウエブ中により完全に保有され
ると云う利点を有している。高い吸収性を望む場
合には、吸収性粒子は一般にシート製品の固形分
含有量の少なくとも50容量％を占める。90容量％
を超える量の粒子を必要とすることはめつたにな
いが、本発明の利益の一つは高い粒子の負荷量を
達成することができることである。 本発明のシート材料は包帯、おしめ、失禁用パ
ツド、および生理用ナプキンのような従来の技術
であげられている用途を包含する多くの用途を有
している。 本発明を次の実施例で更に説明する。 実施例１および２ 直径が平均約5μであるポリプロピレン微細繊
維、親水性カルボキシル基を含有する合成高分子
量アクリル重合体からなる吸収性粒子〔ナシヨナ
ル・スターチ・アンド・ケミカル・コーポレーシ
ヨン（National Starch and、Chemical
Corporation）により供給される「パーマソーブ
（Parmasorb）29」、およびスルホコハク酸ナト
リウムのジオクチルエステルの界面活性剤粒子
〔アメリカン・シアナミド（American
Cyanamid）からの「エアゾール（Aerosol）
OT・Ｂ」〕から本発明のシート製品の２組を製
造した。吸収性粒子および界面活性剤粒子（以下
に示した量）をいつしよに混合し、第１図に示す
ような装置を使用して微細繊維の流れに導入し
た。２個の成形型の成形型オリフイスは相互に６
インチ（15cm）離れており、成形型は垂直に対し
30゜の角度で繊維の流れを射出するように配列し、
繊維の流れは成形型オリフイスから約５〜10イン
チ（12〜25cm）の変更できる距離で交叉し、成形
型オリフイスから12インチ（30cm）に位置する集
合機表面に続く。重合体は成形型の幅１インチ当
り約４ポンド／時間（0.7Kg／時間／cm）の速度
で成形型オリフイスを通して押出し、700〓（370
℃）に加熱した空気を成形型の熱空気オリフイス
を通して吹き付けた。 製造したシート製品をタツプ水（tap water）
に浸漬し、製品の吸収性を測定した。〔浸漬後
（「湿潤」）のシート製品の重量から浸漬前（「乾
燥」）の重量を減じ、浸漬前の重量で除した〕。結
果および成分の比率を以下の第Ｉ表に示す。 【表】
さ
吸収性粒子により 界面活性剤に
よ 水の重量の


の量
シート製品

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ 吹き付け繊維のウエブおよび該ウエブ中に担
    持された固体の高液体吸収性重合体粒子の配列か
    らなる吸収性シート製品であつて、前記繊維のウ
    エブは、吹き付け繊維の凝集しかつからみ合つた
    ものからなるウエブであつて、このウエブは、ウ
    エブが形成されるときに捕捉された結果としての
    ウエブ中に分散されている粒子を有しており、し
    かもこの粒子は繊維が非粘着状態に固化したあと
    に導入されており、それによつて粒子は繊維と点
    接触のみを形成しており、そして前記粒子は液体
    を吸収することにより膨潤し、その結果大容量の
    液体を吸収して前記シート製品中に保持すること
    ができることを特徴とする、吸収性シート製品。 ２ 吸収性粒子がシート製品の固形分含有量の少
    なくとも20容量％である特許請求の範囲第１項記
    載のシート製品。 ３ 吸収性粒子がシート製品の固形分含有量の少
    なくとも50容量％である特許請求の範囲第１項記
    載のシート製品。 ４ 吹き付け繊維の直径が約10μより小さい平均
    値である微細繊維からなる特許請求の範囲第１項
    〜第３項のいずれか１項に記載のシート製品。 ５ 吹き付け繊維が溶融吹き付け繊維である特許
    請求の範囲第１項〜第４項のいずれか１項に記載
    のシート製品。 ６ 吸収性粒子がそれ自体の重量の約20倍または
    それ以上の液体を吸収することができる特許請求
    の範囲第１項〜第５項までのいずれか１項に記載
    のシート製品。 ７ 吸収性粒子が親水性機能を有する改質殿粉お
    よびアクリル重合体から選ばれる特許請求の範囲
    第１項〜第７項までのいずれか１項に記載のシー
    ト製品。 ８ 吹き付け繊維のウエブおよび該ウエブ中に担
    持された固体の高液体吸収性重合体粒子の配列か
    らなる吸収性シート製品であつて、前記繊維のウ
    エブは、吹き付け繊維の凝集しかつからみ合つた
    ものからなるウエブであつて、このウエブは、ウ
    エブが形成されるときに捕捉された結果としての
    ウエブ中に分散されている粒子を有しており、し
    かもこの粒子は繊維が非粘着状態に固化したあと
    に導入されており、それによつて粒子は繊維と点
    接触のみを形成しており、そして前記粒子は液体
    を吸収することにより膨潤し、その結果大容量の
    液体を吸収して前記シート製品中に保持すること
    ができ、かつウエブの湿潤を促進する界面活性剤
    がウエブ中に含まれていることを特徴とする、吸
    収性シート製品。 ９ 吸収性粒子がシート製品の固形分含有量の少
    なくとも20容量％である特許請求の範囲第８項記
    載のシート製品。 １０ 吸収性粒子がシート製品の固形分含有量の
    少なくとも50容量％である特許請求の範囲第８項
    記載のシート製品。 １１ 吹き付け繊維の直径が約10μより小さい平
    均値である微細繊維からなる特許請求の範囲第８
    項〜第１０項のいずれか１項に記載のシート製
    品。 １２ 吹き付け繊維が溶融吹き付け繊維である特
    許請求の範囲第８項〜第１１項のいずれか１項に
    記載のシート製品。 １３ 吸収性粒子がそれ自体の重量の約20倍また
    はそれ以上の液体を吸収することができる特許請
    求の範囲第８項〜第１２項までのいずれか１項に
    記載のシート製品。 １４ 吸収性粒子が親水性機能を有する改質殿粉
    およびアクリル重合体から選ばれる特許請求の範
    囲第８項〜第１３項までのいずれか１項に記載の
    シート製品。
JP58035219A 1982-03-04 1983-03-03 吸収性シ−ト製品 Granted JPS58163438A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US354806 1982-03-04
US06/354,806 US4429001A (en) 1982-03-04 1982-03-04 Sheet product containing sorbent particulate material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58163438A JPS58163438A (ja) 1983-09-28
JPS6366569B2 true JPS6366569B2 (ja) 1988-12-21

Family

ID=23394979

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58035219A Granted JPS58163438A (ja) 1982-03-04 1983-03-03 吸収性シ−ト製品

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4429001A (ja)
EP (1) EP0088533B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS58163438A (ja)
AU (2) AU561405B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA1339487C (ja)
DE (1) DE3382130D1 (ja)
MX (1) MX167796B (ja)

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US4429001A (en) 1984-01-31
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