JPS636701B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a roof structure that is made of, for example, a wooden roof frame and is provided with heat insulation, moisture control, sound absorption and cushioning properties, and which is extremely easy to construct.

Generally, the roof structure of wooden roof frames is made of plywood, plywood,
Field boards made of wood, etc. are nailed to the rafters, and asphalt roofing, plastic sheets, felt, or composite waterproof sheets of these are placed on top of these, and roofing materials such as metal plates, slate materials, tiles, etc. are then covered. It was raised. However, roofs with such a structure have the disadvantage that their insulation effect is very low, and due to differences in temperature, condensation tends to form on the back side of the roofing material and the back side of the waterproof sheet, and the roofing boards are likely to corrode. Furthermore, because it is a combination of solid members and the board thickness is thin, it has poor sound insulation and sound absorption properties, and has the disadvantage that rain and noise can propagate indoors. In addition, for example, in roofing materials made of colored iron plates, plastic deformation due to external forces,
Strains were likely to occur, and since there was no back-up material applied to prevent this, the roofing surface was uneven, seriously detracting from the appearance.

The present invention thus eliminates the drawbacks and also
To provide a roof having heat insulation properties, humidity control properties, and easy construction.

An embodiment of the roof according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of a part of the roof according to the present invention, and 1
are rafters, 2 is a composite plate and a relatively strong sheet 3,
It is a composite member that integrates a synthetic resin foam 4 that serves as a heat insulating material and a binding material, and a sheathing board 5,
This is laid on the rafter 1 without any gaps, and is fixed to the rafter 1 via nails 6. 7 is a waterproof sheet which is layered on top of the composite board 2 in stages from the eaves to the fence. Reference numeral 8 denotes a roof plate, such as a metal plate, a slate plate, a tile, etc., and the roof is raised using accessories and fittings according to each roofing material 8. The figure shows the case of a long roof with tile rods without core wood. To explain in more detail, the composite board 2 consists of a sheet 3 and a synthetic resin foam 4.
and a sheathing board 5 are combined and integrated at once in an on-site foaming method when forming the synthetic resin foam 4, and the sheet 3 is brought into contact with the rafter 1 and nailed. This is to prevent the foam structure of the synthetic resin foam 4 from being destroyed when the composite board 2 is fixed to the rafter 1 with the nails 6, and to absorb the unevenness of the rafter 1 by the cushioning properties of the synthetic resin foam 4. .
The sheet 3 may be made of one or more of kraft paper, asbestos paper, felt, asphalt felt, synthetic resin sheet, metal foil (aluminum, iron), or laminated with a net-like material, non-woven fabric, lath net, etc. It is a sheet with waterproof treatment. Especially for roofing materials, approx.
Requires strength to withstand 300Kg/m ² (snow stacked load). The bending strength of the composite plate 2 is directly affected by the tensile strength of the sheet 3, so it starts from about 3 kg.
Use something weighing around 130Kg. Furthermore, when metal foil, such as aluminum foil, is used, it also has a heat radiation effect and has the function of blocking heat conduction to the outside. Further, the synthetic resin foam 4 is formed by mixing a foaming agent with a synthetic resin raw material based on isocyanurate, and forming the foam on-site, such as polyisocyanurate foam, polyurethane foam, polyurea foam, phenol foam, etc. It is. This synthetic resin foam 4 functions as a heat insulating material, a core material, and a binder. Particularly, a part of the sheathing board 5, for example 1/1 of the total board thickness.
It penetrates into 5 to 2/3 of the communicating voids. That is, the synthetic resin foam 4 is the sheathing board 5.
The sheathing board 5 of the synthetic resin foam 4 is integrated by the self-adhesive property during foaming.
By improving the adhesive strength between the synthetic resin foam 4 and the sheathing board 5, the bending strength of the composite board 2 is strengthened, and the composite board 2 can be used as a roof base material. It is meant to be usable. Furthermore, this synthetic resin foam 4 has a density of 10 to 50 kg/m2 in terms of the relationship between compressive strength and ^thermal conductivity, a compressive strength of about 0.5 kg/cm2 ^or more, and a thermal conductivity of 0.025 kcal/m2.
h・℃ or higher, plate thickness of approximately 5 mm or more, and closed cell or open cell. Moreover, the elastic deformation is 1 of the plate thickness.
It is a foam that can be made up to about 30% or more. In other words, this is to prevent plastic deformation of the synthetic resin foam 4 in the portion of the roof material 8 that is within the elastic deformation and in contact with the rafters 1 even due to snow accumulation, external force, etc. The sheathing board 5 is used for humidity control, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, reinforcement of bending strength, compressive strength, and elastic deformation, and has a thickness of approximately 7 mm or more, for example, 9 mm or 12 mm.
The density is 400Kg/m ³ or more, and the bending strength is 30Kg/cm ² or more. The size is generally 900mm x 1800
mm. To explain further, when the sheathing board 5 has the composite board 2 installed, the waterproof sheet 7,
It serves as a fixed surface for the roofing material 8, and since it is porous, it has excellent sound absorption properties and is used to prevent the sound of rain and the like from propagating indoors. Furthermore, since the sheathing board 5 has moisture control properties, it prevents dew condensation in the gap between the roofing material 8 and the composite board 2, and since the sheathing board 5 has been treated with asphalt, it is water repellent, and the nail holes formed by the nails 6 can be prevented. , infiltration of rainwater through the hole by the stepple 9, and
It also functions as a waterproof layer when the waterproof sheet 7 is damaged. Here, the manufacturing method of this composite board 2 will be briefly explained. A sheathing board 5 is placed on a mold, unfoamed foam raw material is evenly discharged onto it, a sheet 3 is laminated on top of it, and an upper mold is placed. It is obtained by heating, pressurizing, curing, and demolding. When the bending strength of this composite plate 2 was measured, it was approximately 25 to 40 kg/cm ² . In addition, sheet 3
is kraft paper laminated with 20 micron aluminum foil (190 g/m ² ), synthetic resin foam 4 is polyurethane resin, board thickness 16 mm, density 30 Kg/m ³ , sheathing board 5 is board thickness 9 mm, density 400
Kg/ ^m3 was used. Further, the waterproof sheet 7 is a well-known waterproof thin plate material such as asphalt felt.

Next, to briefly explain the order of roofing according to the present invention, it is assumed that a roof having a cross section as shown in FIG. 1 is to be constructed. So, first, go to the top of rafter 1.
12mm thick sheathing board 5, synthetic resin foam 4
Lay the sheets of composite board 2 made of polyurethane foam with a density of 30 kg/m ³ and a thickness of 18 mm from the eaves to the frame so that the three sides are in contact with each other without any gaps.
are fixed at appropriate intervals. On top of that, place the waterproof sheet 7 from the eaves to the frame as shown in Figure 2.
Overlap the edges and attach the waterproof sheet 7 via staples 9.
to form the roof base. Next thickness 0.35mm
A roof material 8 made of colored iron plates, so-called groove plates 8a, and through-hangers 8b and caps 8c fixed through nails 6 are sequentially attached, bent and finished, and the roof is raised. As a result of measuring various properties of this roof, we found the following excellent properties. Note that the spacing between rafters 1 is 450 cm.

(b) Condensation Almost no condensation was observed on the 3rd side of the sheet of composite board 2 even in midsummer and severe cold. (b) Heat transmission coefficient 0.52 (kcal/m ² h ℃)
1.53 (kcal/m ² .
h・℃).

(c) Sound absorption 27dB at 1000Hz (d) Sound insulation 30dB at 1000Hz (e) Compressive strength 5Kg (f) Bending strength 40Kg/cm ² (g) Humidity control The outer surface of roof material 8 was heated to -10℃, The surface was heated to +30°C, and condensation was artificially generated between the roofing material 8 and the sheathing board 5. When normal outside air is present on the roof, the amount of dew condensation does not remain there for a long time, but is absorbed by the sheathing board 5 and gradually released, suppressing a sudden change in humidity in the contact space.

(H) Workability The size of the roof is 900 mm x 1800 mm, and it is lightweight and can be used to form a roof base just by fixing it with nails, so no skill is required and roofs can be easily formed.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the roof according to the present invention, and a composite board 2 is used in which a lath wire mesh, a synthetic resin net, etc. are interposed between the synthetic resin foam 4 and the sheathing board 5 to form an integrated structure. It is also possible to use a composite plate 2 in which a rigid frame member having a rough cross section is integrally formed on the edge of the composite plate 2. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a composite plate 2 in which at least one edge of the sheet 3 projects outward from the edge of the synthetic resin foam 4.

As described above, according to the roof according to the present invention, since the sheet surface of the composite plate is brought into contact with the rafters, irregularities and deformation of the rafters do not appear on the roof material surface. Furthermore, since the composite board is fixed on the rafters by driving nails into the sheathing board surface, the foam structure of the synthetic resin foam is not destroyed, and the roof can be made with high heat insulation properties.
Moreover, since the sheathing board serves as the fixing surface for the waterproof sheet and roofing material, it can be securely fixed, and
It is possible to control the humidity in the air gap between the roofing material and the composite board and prevent condensation from forming. Furthermore, since a part of the sheathing board of the composite board is impregnated with synthetic resin foam, it is possible to form a sufficiently strong roof base without using shedding boards. In addition, since the sheathing board is water repellent, it can be used as a waterproof sheet,
To prevent rainwater from entering through holes formed by staples, nails, etc. fixing the roofing material, and to provide a highly waterproof roof since the sheathing board serves as a waterproof layer even if the waterproof sheet is damaged to some extent. Furthermore, since the sheathing board has excellent sound absorption properties, it can prevent the sound of rain and the like from propagating indoors. Additionally, the composite board is lightweight and has improved workability. It has the following effects and characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the roof according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of the roof according to the present invention. 1... Rafter, 2... Composite board, 3... Sheet, 4
...Synthetic resin foam, 7...Waterproof sheet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A composite board in which a relatively strong sheet, a synthetic resin foam, and a sheathing board are laminated, and a portion of the synthetic resin foam partially fills the communication gap of the sheathing board is brought into contact with the rafter and the sheet. A roof is characterized in that a waterproof sheet is installed on the sheathing board of the composite plate to form a roof base, and a roofing material is thatched on the base.