JPS6367442B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a compression molding method for manufacturing a ceramic service object element body having deformable protrusions attached at appropriate locations on a flat base portion, and a compression molding apparatus used in the compression molding method. be. "Prior art and its problems" As shown in Fig. 10, an accessory element body 1 (the figure shows the case of a baseboard tile element) has deformable protrusions 3 attached at appropriate locations on a basic plane part 2. be. Conventionally, the accessory element body 1 has been manufactured using a conventional apparatus 4 as shown in FIG. This figure is a side sectional view showing the compression molding mold section of the conventional device 4. The conventional device 4 includes an upper mold 5, a frame mold 6, and a lower mold 7.
The lower mold 7 is lowered to form a molding recess in the frame mold 6, and the upper mold 5 is inserted into the frame mold 6 and pressurized, thereby forming the above-mentioned role material element 1.
(See Figure 10). By the way, it is generally said that it is preferable for a ceramic body manufactured by compression molding to have a compression ratio of 2, which is the value obtained by dividing the filling amount of the raw material by the volume of the molded product. Therefore, regarding the accessory element body 1 manufactured by the conventional device 4, the basic plane part 2
Let us calculate the compression ratios for the deformed protrusion 3 and the deformed protrusion 3, respectively. Compression ratio of base plane part 2 = length b x height H ₂ x width l / length b
× Height h ₂ × Width l = H ₂ / h ₂ Compression ratio of deformed protrusion 3 = Length a × Height H ₁ × Width l / Length a ×
Height h ₁ × width l = H ₁ /h ₁ . Here, it is assumed that the thickness h ₂ of the base plane portion 2 in the accessory element 1 is 5 mm, and the height h ₁ of the deformed protrusion 3 is 13.5 mm. At this time, in order to make the compression ratio (H ₂ /h ₂ ) of the basic flat part 2 2, the depth dimension H ₂ of the molding recess 2' for the basic flat part 2 in the conventional device 4 must be Must be 10mm. Therefore, the depth H ₁ of the molding recess 3' for the deformed protrusion 3 in the conventional device 4 is equal to the depth H ₂ of the molding recess 2' between the base plane part 2 and the deformed protrusion 3. The dimension (18.5 mm) is obtained by adding 8.5 mm, which is the difference (h ₁ − h ₂ ). However, due to this, the compression ratio (H ₁ /h ₁ ) of the deformed protrusion 3 is 1.37.
As a result, the compression ratio of the deformed protrusion 3 becomes insufficient. For this reason, the ceramic workpiece element body 1 manufactured by the conventional apparatus 4 suffers from cracking, warping, deformation, etc. during the subsequent firing process. On the other hand, although not shown, mainly in the steel industry,
In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, a compression molding apparatus is known in which the pressure surfaces of an upper mold and a lower mold are divided into a plurality of parts. The compression molding equipment in the steel industry is
By appropriately changing the mating timing of each split mold, the raw material filled in the molding recess is moved, and the pressing force applied to the raw material is made uniform within the molding recess, resulting in a sintered compact. I was in charge of quality control. This has been the conventional general technical wisdom in compression molding methods. However, even in such a method, the degree of movement of the raw material varies depending on subtle changes in various conditions such as the material of the raw material, the water content, and the shape of the molded body, so that satisfactory results could not be obtained. "Structure of the Invention" (Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is a completely new ceramic method that completely breaks away from the conventional general technical wisdom regarding compression molding methods. By providing a compression molding method for a ceramic service object element body (hereinafter referred to as the method of the present invention) and a compression molding apparatus for a ceramic service object element body (hereinafter referred to as the present invention apparatus), it is possible to produce a role product after firing. The purpose is to prevent cracks, warping, deformation, etc. from occurring. (Means for Solving the Problems) The gist of the method of the present invention is that, in a compression molding method for manufacturing a ceramic workpiece element body having deformed protrusions attached at appropriate positions on a basic plane part, The flat lower mold and the deformed lower mold which are adjacent to each other are lowered, the molding recess on the flat lower mold is set to have a volume equal to twice the volume of the base flat part of the role object element body, and the deformed lower mold is lowered. The molding recesses on the mold are set to have a volume equal to twice the volume of the deformed protrusions in the accessory element body, and then a powder mass for filling the raw material is passed through the upper surface of the frame mold to fill the molding raw materials into both molding recesses. Filling, lowering the raw material movement prevention mold facing downward to the flat lower mold until its pressurizing surface contacts the upper surface of the filled raw material layer, and keeping the vertical distance between the flat lower mold and the raw material movement prevention mold unchanged. By lowering the lower deformed mold and the frame mold as they are, the difference in height between the pressing surface of the flat lower mold and the pressing surface of the lower deforming mold causes the protrusion of the deformed protrusion in the accessory element body. Next, place a deformation part upper mold that corresponds downwardly to the deformation lower mold in a position where its pressurizing surface is flush with and flush with the pressurizing surface of the raw material movement prevention mold facing into the frame mold. After that, the combined lower mold consisting of the flat lower mold and the deformed lower mold and the combined upper mold consisting of the raw material movement prevention mold and the deformed part upper mold are relatively pressed against each other to produce a ceramic workpiece element. The point is to manufacture. Furthermore, the gist of the apparatus of the present invention is that, in a compression molding apparatus for manufacturing a ceramic workpiece body in which a deformable protrusion is attached at an appropriate position on a basic plane part, a lower mold housed in a frame mold is It is divided into a flat lower mold that forms the basic plane part of the accessory element body and a deformed lower mold that forms the deformed protrusions of the accessory element body, and the upper mold that waits above the frame mold corresponds to the flat lower mold. The material movement prevention mold is divided into a material movement prevention mold having a pressure surface that corresponds to the deformation part upper mold, and a deformation part upper mold having a pressure surface corresponding to the deformation part upper mold. The flat lower mold, the lower deformed mold, the raw material movement prevention mold, the upper deformed mold, and the frame mold can be raised and lowered independently by separate drive mechanisms. be. (Example) The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing examples thereof. FIG. 1 shows the role object element 1 as shown in FIG. 10 above.
A front view showing the apparatus of the present invention in a mode of manufacturing
The figure is the same side view. In FIG. 1, the most characteristic structural portion of the device of the present invention is indicated by arrow A. FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing a portion indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1. FIG. As shown in the figure, the apparatus of the present invention includes a lower joint mold 12, a frame mold 11, and an upper joint mold 8.
It is composed of. The frame mold 11 is almost the same as the frame mold 6 of the conventional device 4 (see FIG. 11), and is similar to the lower joint mold 1.
2 and the upper joint mold 8 are fitted together in a state where they face each other. The combined lower mold 12 includes a flat lower mold 13 and a deformed lower mold 1.
It consists of 4. The flat lower mold 13 has a pressurizing surface 13 a flat, and its base is fixed to the lower first bolster 17 . The deformable lower mold 14 is adjacent to the flat lower mold 13 within the frame mold 11, and its base passes through the lower first bolster 17 and is fixed to the lower second bolster 18. The combined upper mold 8 consists of a raw material movement prevention mold 9 and a deformable portion upper mold 10. The raw material movement prevention mold 9 is opposed to the flat lower mold 13 of the lower joint mold 12 and forms a molding recess for the base flat part 2 in the accessory element body 1, and its base is located at the upper second It is fixed to the bolster 16. The deformable portion upper mold 10 faces the deformable lower mold 14 of the lower coupling mold 12 and forms a molding recess for the deformable protrusion 3 in the accessory element body 1, and its base is located at the upper portion of the lower mold 12. 2 through the bolster 16 and the upper first
It is fixed to the bolster 15. These raw material movement prevention mold 9, deformation part upper mold 10, frame mold 11, flat lower mold 13, and deformation lower mold 14
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each has its own drive mechanism. That is, the deforming part upper mold 10 is raised and lowered by the first cylinder 20, the raw material movement prevention mold 9 is raised and lowered by the second cylinder 21, the frame mold 11 is raised and lowered by the third cylinder 22, and the deformed part upper mold 10 is raised and lowered by the first cylinder 20. The mold 14 is raised and lowered by the fourth cylinder 23, and the flat lower mold 13 is raised and lowered by the fifth cylinder 24. Next, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained based on FIGS. 3 to 8. As shown in FIG. 3, in the apparatus of the present invention, the raw material movement prevention mold 9 and the deformation part upper mold 10 are stopped in the upper region,
In addition, the flat lower mold 13 and the deformed lower mold 14 are stopped and waiting in the lower region. Further, the flat lower mold 13 has a lower first bolster 1 for the flat lower mold 13.
7 is a lower second bolster 1 for the deformable lower die 14;
It is waiting to be spaced slightly above 8. At this time, in the frame mold 11, the flat lower mold 1
The depth dimension of the molding recess formed on the upper part of 3 is set to a value (2h ₂ ) that is twice the thickness dimension h ₂ of the basic plane part 2 in the accessory element body 1 (see Fig. 10). has been done. That is, the internal volume of the molded recess is
It is equal to twice the volume of the basic plane part 2 in the accessory element body 1. Further, in the frame mold 11, the molding recess formed in the upper part of the deformable lower mold 14 has a depth dimension that is twice the height dimension _h1 of the deformable protrusion 3 in the accessory element body 1. (2h ₁ ).
That is, the internal volume of the molded recess is equal to twice the volume of the deformed protrusion 3 in the accessory element body 1. First, a powder mass (not shown) for filling the raw material is passed through the upper surface of the frame mold 11, and the raw material (plywood) is poured into both molding recesses formed in the frame mold 11 by the flat lower mold 13 and the deformed lower mold 14. Fill with soil). As shown in FIG.
contact the top surface of the Next, while maintaining the vertical distance between the raw material movement prevention mold 9 and the flat lower mold 13 unchanged, the second upper bolster 16 is moved as shown in FIG.
and the lower first bolster 17 are lowered. This lowering limit is determined by the difference in height between the pressure surface 13a of the flat lower mold 13 and the pressure surface 14a of the deformed lower mold 14, which causes the protrusion of the deformed protrusion 3 in the accessory element body 1 (see FIG. 10). This is the position where the amount is equal to (h ₁ −h ₂ ).
Also, of course, the deformed lower mold 14 at the lowering end point position
must be located within the thickness range of the frame mold 11. Further, at the lowering end point position, it is preferable to set the lower first bolster 17 for the flat lower mold 13 and the lower second bolster 18 for the deformed lower mold 14 to coincide with each other. Incidentally, the raw material movement prevention mold 9 has a substantially vertical hanging guide surface 9b for the raw material formed on the side surface adjacent to the deformable portion upper mold 10. Therefore, as described above, the raw material movement prevention mold 9 and the flat bottom mold 1
3 is lowered, the raw material on the deformed lower die 14 is
The material is prevented from flowing onto the flat mold 13 by the droop guiding surface 9b of the raw material movement prevention mold 9. Therefore, the uniform density distribution of the raw material filled onto the deformable lower mold 14 and the raw material filled onto the flat lower mold 13 at the time of filling is not impaired. Then, as shown in FIG. 5a, the deformable portion upper mold 10 is lowered to a position where its downward pressing surface 10a contacts the upper surface of the filling material layer 19 in the molding recess. Then, as shown in FIG. 5b, the deformable portion upper mold 10 is lowered so that its pressing surface 10a is flush with the pressing surface 9a of the adjacent raw material movement prevention mold 9. After the pressing surfaces 10a and 9a are flush, both molds 10 and 9 are pressed down at the same time so as to match the formation dimensions of the accessory element (positions indicated by two-dot chain lines). By the way, the pressure receiving area of the pressure surface 14a of the deformable lower mold 14 is considerably smaller than that of the pressure surface 13a of the flat lower mold 13, creating the illusion that the compression ratio of the raw material on the deformed lower mold 14 is insufficient. However, as described above, when the deformable portion upper die 10 is lowered to make its pressurizing surface 10a flush with the pressurizing surface 9a of the raw material movement prevention die 9 (the state shown in FIG. 5a changes to the state shown in FIG. 5b) When), the raw material on the deformable lower mold 14 is
Due to the flow prevention effect of the droop guiding surface 9b of the raw material movement prevention mold 9, a small amount of pressure is applied to the area directly below the material movement prevention mold 9. Therefore, the packing density of the raw material on the deformation lower die 14 is already slightly higher than on other parts, and when the deformation part upper die 10 and the raw material movement prevention die 9 are simultaneously lowered, the entire area within both molding recesses is The compression ratio will be equalized. Incidentally, as is clear from FIG. 5a, the amount of descent of the deformable portion upper mold 10 changes from the state shown in FIG. 5 to the state shown in FIG. It corresponds to the amount (h ₁ − h ₂ ) lowered to That is, this dimension (h ₁ −h ₂ ) is equal to the amount of protrusion of the deformed protrusion 3 in the accessory element body 1 (see FIG. 10). After all, pressurizing the raw material by lowering the deformable portion upper die 10 alone can be said to be preliminary pressurization for making the compression ratio of the deformable protrusion 3 equal to that of other parts. The pressurized state by both molds 10 and 9 as described above is shown in FIG. Then, the frame mold 11 as shown in FIG. 7 is lowered, and the upper joint mold 8 is raised as shown in FIG. 8 to remove the mold. Next, the hardness at multiple locations of the accessory element produced by the conventional apparatus 4 (see FIG. 11) and the accessory element produced by the apparatus of the present invention was measured. The results are shown in <Table 1> and <
Table 2> shows. <Table 1> shows the hardness of the accessory element bodies manufactured by the conventional apparatus 4, and <
Table 2> shows the hardness of the accessory element bodies manufactured by the apparatus of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 9 shows the measurement position on the accessory element body. The measurement was performed using a rubber tester (B
The hardness test was carried out using a mold hardness tester).

【table】

【table】

[Table] (Study of Alternative Embodiments) The movement of the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to lowering the flat lower mold 13 and the raw material movement prevention mold 9 while maintaining their mutual spacing as shown in FIG.
Both the lower deformation mold 14 and the frame mold 11 may be raised. As described above, the configurations of the method and apparatus of the present invention can be modified as appropriate depending on the embodiment without departing from the gist of the present invention. "Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above explanation, the compression molding method and compression molding apparatus for a ceramic service object element body according to the present invention directly overrides the conventional general technical wisdom regarding compression molding methods. It can be said that it is completely new and broken. In other words, in the conventional compression molding method, the idea was to divide the upper mold and lower mold into multiple parts, but as described above, the origin of this idea was
By staggering the mating timing of each split mold and applying pressure, the raw material within the molding recess was moved appropriately, thereby making the pressure applied to the raw material uniform within the molding recess. In the method and apparatus of the present invention, by preventing the movement of the raw material within the molding recess, the packing density of the raw material and the application distribution of the pressing force in each part of the accessory element body are made uniform. In other words, even if something similar to the main structure of the device of the present invention exists in a conventional device, it goes without saying that it is completely different in terms of purpose, function, and effect. . Furthermore, since the upper and lower molds are formed separately into multiple partial molds, even if one of them is damaged, even the partial mold with the damaged part can be removed. All you have to do is repair it,
It has many excellent advantages, such as easy repair work and low repair costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 5a, Fig. 5b, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8. Each of the figures is an enlarged view of the arrow A section in Figure 1, and is a front sectional view showing the operating status of the device of the present invention in order, and Figure 9 is a measurement position using a rubber tester. A perspective view from the back of the accessory element body showing
FIG. 0 is a perspective view showing the accessory body, and FIG. 11 is a front view showing the compression molding part of the conventional device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Accessory element body, 2... Basic plane part, 3... Deformed protrusion, 4... Conventional device, 8... Connection upper mold, 9...
...Raw material movement prevention type, 10...Deformation part upper mold, 11...
... Frame type, 12... Combined lower type, 13... Flat lower type,
14... Deformed lower mold, 9b... Droop guiding surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A compression molding method for manufacturing a ceramic workpiece element body in which deformed protrusions are attached at appropriate positions on a basic plane part,
lowering a flat lower mold and a deformed lower mold that are adjacent to each other in the frame mold, and setting a molding recess on the flat lower mold to have a volume equal to twice the volume of the basic plane part of the role object element body; The volume of the molding recesses on the lower deformable mold is set to be equal to twice the volume of the deformable protrusions in the role object element body, and then a powder mass for filling the raw material is passed through the upper surface of the frame mold to fill both molding recesses. Filled with molding raw material, lower the raw material movement prevention mold facing downward to the flat lower mold until its pressurizing surface contacts the upper surface of the filled raw material layer, and then lower the flat lower mold and the raw material movement prevention mold so that they are above and below each other. By lowering the deformed lower mold and the frame with the interval unchanged, or by raising the deformed lower mold and the frame, the height difference between the pressing surface of the flat lower mold and the pressing surface of the deformed lower mold is reduced to a deformed protrusion on the role object element body. Next, set the deformation part upper mold that corresponds downward to the deformation lower mold so that its pressing surface is flush with the pressing surface of the raw material movement prevention mold facing into the frame mold. The lower mold is lowered to a continuous position, and then the combined lower mold consisting of the flat lower mold and the deformed lower mold and the combined upper mold consisting of the raw material movement prevention mold and the deformed part upper mold are relatively pressed against each other to produce a ceramic product. 1. A method for compression molding a ceramic service material body, the method comprising producing a material body. 2. In a compression molding device for manufacturing a ceramic service object body with deformed protrusions attached at appropriate locations on the basic plane part,
The lower mold housed in the frame mold is divided into a flat lower mold forming a basic plane part of the accessory element body and a deformed lower mold forming a deformed protrusion of the accessory element body. The waiting upper mold is divided into a raw material movement prevention mold having a pressure surface corresponding to the flat lower mold and a deformation part upper mold having a pressure surface corresponding to the deformation lower mold, and the raw material movement prevention mold has a pressure surface corresponding to the flat lower mold. A hanging guiding surface for the raw material is formed on the side surface adjacent to the upper mold of the deforming part, and the flat lower mold, the lower deforming mold, the material movement prevention mold, the upper mold of the deforming part, and the frame mold are each driven by separate drive mechanisms. A compression molding apparatus for ceramic workpiece bodies, characterized in that each element can be raised and lowered independently.