JPS6411404B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides a method for making holes for mounting or positioning circuit elements at the positions of patterns for identifying hole positions formed in advance on a printed circuit board. The present invention relates to a method of drilling holes in a printed circuit board and an apparatus therefor.

(Prior art) In this type of method, light is projected onto a pattern for identifying the drilling position provided on a printed circuit board,
The reflected image is received by a TV camera and stored as an image. Based on this image signal, the image processing device calculates the center position of the pattern. Based on this calculated value, the printed circuit board attached to the XY table is The hole was moved in the direction of the pattern and a hole was drilled at the center of the pattern using a drill.

The equipment includes an XY table on which the printed circuit board is attached, a light projection means that projects light onto the printed circuit board from above the table, and a TV camera that receives the reflected image of the pattern by the projected light above the table. It was equipped with an image processing device that calculated the center position of this pattern, a control device that moved the XY table based on this calculated value, and a drill for drilling.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) To store an image, the video signal is A/D converted to, for example, 64 gradations, and then stored for each gradation.

Therefore, according to the conventional method described above, the gradation of the reflected image differs depending on the type of printed circuit board, such as an epoxy board, a glass epoxy board, a phenol board, etc., and the pattern at the hole position is completely or partially covered by the resist. If the reflected image is distorted, the reflected image will be slightly different or unrecognizable. This increased the number of gradations required for image processing, with at least 10 gradations required. Therefore, if a 512 x 256 bit screen is to be stored, the storage capacity will be 512 x 256 x 10 = 1310720. As such, it requires a huge storage capacity, is extremely expensive, and has problems with accuracy and speed.

Further, according to the above-mentioned conventional device, the printed circuit board is attached to the XY table, and the table transfer means is disposed below the XY table.
For this purpose, a light projection means was disposed on the top of the table to project light onto the printed circuit board, and a camera was similarly disposed on the top of the XY table. Therefore, the image received by the camera is a reflected image of the pattern for identifying the drilling position on the printed circuit board, and it is not possible to obtain a transmitted image of the pattern for identifying the drilling position with this conventional device. It was hot.

In this invention, the two values of light and dark are used, the required number of gradations is one gradation, the storage capacity is at least 1/10 of the conventional one, and the drilling process is performed accurately and quickly.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The drilling method of the present invention involves fixedly setting a printed circuit board on which a pattern for identifying the drilling position has been formed in advance, projecting light from one side of the board, and projecting light from the other side. A TV camera receives a transmitted image of the pattern from the side, the image processing device detects the center position of the pattern based on this image signal, and a drill is placed on the XY table to drill holes according to the detected value. It is moved to a pattern position using a control device, and a drill is used to drill holes.

Further, the drilling apparatus of the present invention is provided with a table 2 on which the printed circuit board 1 is fixedly set, and a light projection means 3 is provided below this table. A TV camera 4 is arranged above the table to receive the light transmitted through the printed circuit board, and an image processing device 5 is provided to detect the position of the pattern based on the image signal. Below the table 2 is a drilling device 6 having a drill 61 provided on the XY table.
is provided. A drilling control device 7 is provided which drives the XY table to move the drill 61 to the position of the pattern based on the detection value of the image processing device 5 to perform drilling.

(Function) According to the method of the present invention, the transmitted images of the patterns 12, 13, and 14 are received by the TV camera 4, so the image signal becomes binary (bright and dark), and therefore the required number of gradations is one level. It is possible to store images with a small storage capacity. Further, the image processing device can calculate the center position of the pattern quickly and accurately.

According to the device of the present invention, since the printed circuit board 1 is fixedly set on the table 2, light can be projected onto the printed circuit board 1 from below by the light projection means 3, and the light can be transmitted through the printed circuit board 1. The light can be imaged by the TV camera 4 above. For this reason, the image received by the camera is a transmitted image and a binary image of brightness and darkness. Image processing device 5
The position of the pattern is detected, and this detected value is supplied to the drilling control device 7, which drives the motors 607, 67 of the X table 64 and Y table 62 of the drill 61, and moves the drill 61 to the center of the pattern. move to position. Thereupon, the drill 61 is driven by the drilling control device 7 to correctly drill holes at the positions of the pattern.

(Example) In FIG. 3, lead patterns 11 made of copper are formed on the printed circuit board 1, and patterns 12, 13, 14 for identifying the drilling positions are formed of the same copper. be. On the lead pattern 11, except for the positions where circuit elements are connected,
The resist 15 overlaps and covers a part of the pattern 12 on which the resist 15 is formed.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the case 21
A work table 2 is fixedly provided on the upper surface. A mounting cover 22 for the printed circuit board 1 is provided at a position on the table 2 that crosses between the drill 61 and the camera 4. The printed circuit board 1 is fixedly set on the mounting cover 22 by a printed circuit board holding means 8, which will be described later.

The light from the light projection means 3 provided diagonally below the table 2 is projected toward the printed circuit board 1 on the mounting cover 22, passes through the pattern 12, 13, or 14 for identifying the hole position, and Figure 4A by TV camera 4 above table 2
A transmitted image like this is received. The shaded areas are the lead pattern 11 and the identification pattern 12, and are dark because they are made of a material such as copper that does not transmit light. The parts of the substrate and the resist 15 are light-transmissive and therefore bright. For this reason, even if half of the pattern 12 for identification is covered with the resist 15, the transmitted image shows the shape of the pattern as it is. The image taken by this camera follows the boundary line (threshold hold level) for black and white discrimination set in the image processing device 5, and anything higher than that is judged to be white, and anything below that is judged to be black. . This image is then enlarged and displayed on the monitor television 41. This is Figure 4B
This is pattern 12A shown in FIG. Further, on the monitor television 41, a crosshair 42 (hereinafter referred to as a cursor) whose center point is the center of the drill 61 at the home position is also displayed by the image processing device.

The center position of the image captured by the camera is detected by the image processing device 5. That is, points a, a', b, and b' are found by searching for points on the cursor where the gradation of the image changes. Pattern 1 is the intersection of the perpendicular bisector of ′ and the perpendicular bisector of ′.
The center position of 2A is detected by the image processing device.

Next, a description will be given of the drilling device 6 for moving the drill 61 according to this detected value and drilling a hole. As shown in the second and fifth figures, support plates 23, 23 are attached to the lower surface of the table 2, and a base 24 is fixed to the lower end of the support plates 23, 23. A Y table 62 is provided on the base 24 so as to be movable in the Y direction via a cross roller guide 63, and an XY table 64 is provided on this Y table so as to be movable in the Y direction via a cross roller guide 65. be. Y
A mounting plate 66 is attached to the end of the base 24 as shown in the second figure for moving the table 62.
A Y-axis motor 67 is disposed at. motor shaft 67
A Y drive shaft 69 is connected to the drive shaft 69 via a coupling ring 68. The Y drive shaft 69 has a ball screw groove (not shown) formed on its outer periphery, and is attached to support members 601 and 601a fixed to the lower surface of the base 24.
It is rotatably supported via bearings 602, 602a. A connecting plate 603 is provided on the bottom surface of the Y table 62.
A ball screw nut 604 is fixed to this connecting plate. ball screw nut 604
is fitted in the middle of the Y drive shaft 69, and is moved in the Y direction by rotation of the Y drive shaft 69.
This allows the Y table 62 to move in the Y direction. 605 is an axis sensor that determines the origin of the Y-axis motor. In order to move the X-table, an X-axis motor 607 is disposed on a mounting plate 606 attached to the base 24 as shown in the second and sixth figures.
The motor shaft is connected to an X drive shaft 609 via a coupling ring 608. The X drive shaft 609 has a ball screw groove (not shown) formed on its outer periphery, and a support member 611 fixed to the upper surface of the base 24.
611a via a bearing so as to be rotatable. A connecting lever 613 is located on the top surface of the X table 64.
is fixed. A ball screw nut 614 fitted in the middle of the X drive shaft 609 connects the connecting member 61.
0, and the tip of the connecting lever 613 is sandwiched between the pins 612, 612 attached to the upper surface of the connecting member 610. The connecting member 610 moves along the guide 616 provided on the top surface of the base 24.
It is connected to a linear ball slide 617 that is movable in the direction. The ball screw nut 614 is moved in the X direction by the rotation of the X drive shaft 609, and the connecting member 610, pin 612, and interlocking lever 613 are interlocked with this, so that the X table 64 can be moved in the X direction. 615 is an axis sensor that determines the origin of the X-axis motor.

In FIG. 2, a cylindrical mounting member 618 is fixed through the front end of the X-table 64, and a spindle motor 620 passes through this mounting member via a slide bearing 619 so as to be movable up and down. There is. A collector chuck 621 is provided at the upper end of the spindle motor 620, and a drill 61 is attached to this. A chip cover 622 is fixed to the upper end of the mounting member 618.

A hole 622a is provided in a part of the cover 622 so that the light from the light projection means 3 is not obstructed. The cover 622 is provided with a duct 623 through which chips are sucked in by a vacuum pump.

The means for advancing (raising) the drill 61 and adjusting the height of its tip is as shown in FIG.
24 is fixed, and an air cylinder 625 is attached to the lower end of this support plate. A connecting member 626 is fixed to the upper end of the air cylinder shaft by a stop member 627. 628 is a cylindrical stopper into which an oil damper 629 is fitted. The lower end of the oil damper 629 is the stop member 62
7. A support plate 630 for the stopper 628 is provided at the upper end of the support plate 624. The shaft of the clamp lever 631 provided outside the case 21 is screwed into the support plate 630, and its tip holds the stopper 628 in a predetermined position. The connecting member 626 has an L-shape, and a lower connecting shaft 632 is connected to the other end thereof, and an upper connecting shaft 633 is connected to a holder 634 wound tightly around the lower end of the spindle motor 620. There is. The case 21 is provided with a recess 21a.
The head of the oil damper 629 and the stopper 6 are shown in a.
An operating section 635 connected to the upper end of 28 is located,
Can be operated from outside.

After attaching the drill 61 to the collector chuck 621, adjust the height of the drill. At this time, loosen the clamp lever 631 so that the recess 21
Push down or raise the operating section 635 shown in a. As a result, the position of the lower end of the stopper 628 moves up and down, and the raised position of the stop member 627 is regulated.

As described above, the image processing device 5 detects the center position of the pattern 12, 13, or 14, and this detected value is supplied to the drilling control device 7. A pulse signal is supplied from the drilling control device 7 to the X-axis motor 607 and the Y-axis motor 67 in accordance with the above-mentioned detection position, thereby rotating the X-drive shaft 609 and the Y-drive shaft 69, thereby rotating the X-table 64 and the Y-table. 62 are sent in the X direction and the Y direction, respectively, so that the center of the drill 61 reaches the center position of the pattern 12, 13, or 14. Also, the signal from the drilling control device 7 is transmitted to the air cylinder 6.
25, the shaft rises from the lowered position and reaches the position shown by the solid line in FIG. It comes into contact with the lower end of the stopper 628 and stops. This rise is caused by the spindle motor 6 via the connecting member 626.
20 and raise this. At the same time, the signal from the drilling control device 7 is sent to the spindle motor 6.
20 and through its shaft the drill 6
Rotate 1. That is, the drill 61 moves upward while rotating, and performs drilling at the center position of the pattern on the printed circuit board 1.

Furthermore, the cursor 42 on the monitor television 41 also moves in accordance with the detection value of the image processing device 5, and moves to the center position of the pattern 12A. For this purpose, when a hole is drilled with the drill 61, the light from the light projection means 3 passes through the hole and is imaged by the camera 4, which is displayed on the monitor television 41. Therefore, the image processing device 5 recognizes that the hole has been correctly punched at the center of the pattern.

The printed circuit board holding means 8 for attaching the printed circuit board 1 to the table 2 will be explained. As shown in the second figure, a mounting plate 8 is attached to the bottom surface of the table 2.
1 is fixed, and the cylinder 82 is attached to this mounting plate.
is fixed. Connector rods 83 and 84 are sequentially and pivotally connected to the tip of the shaft of the cylinder 82 by pins 83a and 84a. Rod 8
4 extends upward through the table 2,
The shaft 8 is attached to a support plate 85 fixed to the top surface of the table.
It is supported so as to be able to swing freely around 6. An arm 87 is swingably supported on the shaft 86.
4 and the arm 87 that extends upward by being connected to the arm 87.
The upper end of a is connected by a spring pin 88. The front end of the arm 87 is sandwiched between two pronged presser levers 89 and connected by pins 801 and 802. The front end of the presser lever 89 has a U-shape in plan, and is swingably connected to a ring-shaped presser piece 803 by a pin 804. 805 (5th
(shown) is a foot switch for cylinder 82.

Then, when the printed circuit board 1 is placed in a predetermined position on the cover 22 and the foot switch 805 is pressed, the cylinder 82 is actuated and its shaft moves forward, pushing the lower end of the connector rod 84 through the connector rod 83 and turning it into the shaft. 86 as the center to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. For this purpose, the front end of the arm 87 is lowered, and the presser foot 803 is lowered to press and fix the printed circuit board 1. The lower surface of the presser foot 803 uniformly presses the upper surface of the printed circuit board 1, so that no uneven force is applied to the printed circuit board.

In FIGS. 1 and 5, numeral 10 is an operation panel for manually inputting power, manual input, number of bits, etc.

(Effects of the Invention) This method invention projects light from one side onto the pattern for identifying the hole position on the printed circuit board, and the transmitted image is received by the TV camera on the other side, so that the two-valued light and dark Since an image can be obtained and the number of gradations required for image storage is only one gradation, the storage capacity is extremely small, and rapid and accurate drilling is possible. The invention of this device is that the drill is mounted on the XY table, and the table that fixes the printed circuit board does not move, so the light projection means can be installed below the table and the image can be easily received by the TV camera above. , is extremely suitable for obtaining transmission images of printed circuit boards.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the lines of Fig. 5, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the printed circuit board, and Fig. 4 A shows an image of the printed circuit board through which light is transmitted. Partially enlarged plan view shown in Figure 4B
5 is a front view showing an image displayed on a monitor television, FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway front view showing the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is Fig. 2 - line cross-sectional view, Fig. 7 is Fig. 5 -
It is a line enlarged sectional view. 1... Printed circuit board, 12, 13, 14... Pattern for identifying hole positions, 2... Table, 3
...Light projection means, 4...TV camera, 5...Image processing device, 6...Drilling device, 61...Drill,
62...Y table, 64...X table, 7...
...Drilling control device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method of drilling holes at the positions of patterns for identifying hole positions formed in advance on a printed circuit board using a drilling device, the method comprising: Light is projected from one side and installed on the other side.
A TV camera receives a transmitted image of the pattern, an image processing device detects the position of the pattern based on the image signal received by the TV camera, and a drill installed on the XY table is set to the above detection mode. The drill is then moved to the position of the pattern using the drilling control device, and the drill is used to drill holes. A method for drilling holes in a printed circuit board, which is characterized by: 2. A device that uses a drilling device to make holes at the positions of patterns for identifying the hole positions formed in advance on a printed circuit board, the device comprising: a table on which the printed circuit board is fixedly set; and a table below the table. a light projection means disposed above the table and projecting light onto the printed circuit board; a TV camera disposed above the table receiving light projected by the light projection means and transmitted through the printed circuit board; an image processing device that detects the position of the pattern based on the received image signal; a drilling device that is disposed below the table and has a drill provided on the XY table; A drilling device for a printed circuit board, comprising: a drilling control device for moving the drill to the position of the pattern via a table to perform drilling;