JPS642255B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wireless repeater, and in particular, in order to cope with the remarkable increase and diversification of communication demands, the present invention is equipped with a multi-beam antenna and a corresponding receiver/transmitter, The invention relates to a wireless repeater that includes a switch matrix (a type of circuit exchange) that can arbitrarily set connections between transmitters and transmitters.

The configuration of a conventional repeater consisting of a switch matrix and a corresponding transmitter/receiver is shown in FIG. 1. 11, 12, 13 in Figure 1
is a receiver that has 100% backup equipment, and shows three typical examples of how to connect the active equipment and backup equipment. 11 is an example using a switch, 12 is an example using a combiner, and 13 is an example using a 3 dB hybrid. Nos. 21, 22, and 23 are transmitters that have 100% backup equipment, and there are three types of connection methods between the active equipment and the standby equipment, as in the case of the receiver. 101 is the number of input terminals N
The connection between N and the number of output terminals can be set arbitrarily.
×N switch matrix. A typical configuration of a switch matrix consists of N 1:N dividers and N:1 combiners, and N ² switch elements, respectively. However, FIG. 1 shows only three circuits of connections among the distributor, combiner, and switch. The characteristics of these circuits are described below with emphasis on circuit loss and reliability. First, the loss of the switch matrix
L _SM is calculated by assuming that the loss in the switch section is S and the loss in the distributor and combiner is Lc (as the direction of loss increase with a positive sign). (2) Next, looking at the connection method of the receiver output section and the transmitter input section, when connecting using the switch shown in 11 and 21, the loss is small and can be ignored, but in terms of reliability, The disadvantage is that it is inferior to a synthesizer or 3dB hybrid. On the other hand, 12, 13,
The connections using the 3 dB hybrid combiner shown in 21 and 22 are highly reliable, but the loss is high at each connection.
The disadvantage is that it generates 3dB. Especially in total input and output
If you add an amplifier to recover the 6dB loss, the reliability of the entire circuit will decrease by the reliability of this amplifier, and even if you try to maintain high reliability with a combiner or hybrid, It may have the opposite effect.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of these conventional construction methods and provides a switch with low loss and high reliability.
It provides matrices and repeaters.
FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a repeater according to the present invention. 11
…1, N/2, 1, N/2+1, …1・N is a receiver with 100% spare equipment, 21…2・N/2, 2・N/2+ 1…2・N is a receiver with 100% spare equipment transmittance with 10
1 has four switch matrices each with N/2 number of input and output terminals (101', 102', 103', and 104', that is, the first, second, third, and fourth N/2 × N/2 switches).・Matrix) consisting of an N×N switch matrix (however, the number of input/output terminals is 4 N/2×N/2 switch matrices 101'
, 102', 103' and 104' have a total of 2N (=N/2×4) input/output terminals. ), 31...3・N/2, 3・N/2+1...3・N and 41...4・N/2, 4・N/2+1...4・N are the connections between the receiver and transmitter and the switch...matrix. N 3dB hybrids are required for connection on both the receiver and transmitter sides. The same concept as the structure of the N × N switch matrix (SM) in Figure 1 can be applied to the N/2 × N/2 switch matrix (SM), and a typical example is a 1:N of N/2 switches. It consists of a /2 divider, an N/2:1 combiner, and (N/2) ² switch elements. Let us now consider the loss of the circuit shown in FIG. First, the loss Lsm' of the N/2 × N/2 switch matrix is calculated by setting the loss of the switch part to S and the loss of the splitter and combiner to Lc', respectively.Lsm'=S+2・Lc'(dB) (3 ) Here, Lc′=10logN/2=10logN−3 (4) Compared to the loss in equations (1) and (2) with the conventional configuration, Lsm′=S+2Lc−6=Lsm−6 (dB) (5) That is, , the circuit configuration has 6dB less loss than the conventional one. The loss L _T from the output of the working or backup receiver to the input of the transmitter each includes a 3 dB hybrid, so it increases by 6 dB and becomes L _T =Lsm'+6=Lsm. This is equivalent to the loss of a single conventional N.times.N switch matrix. Therefore, the switch, combiner, or 3dB hybrid included in conventional receivers and transmitters is no longer required, and losses and reliability are improved accordingly, as well as production costs and weight reductions. The effects of invention are significant.

The present invention has been described in detail above, but the NxN switch matrix is configured with four N/2xN/2 switch matrices, and the receiver and transmitter each have a 100% standby unit. The basic idea of the present invention is to connect machines in a hybrid manner. Although the N/2×N/2 switch matrix construction method is outside the scope of the present invention, for example,
Two N/2 x N/4 switch matrices and two distributors constitute one N/2 x N/2 switch matrix, and four of these are used to control the current receiver and transmitter. And when connecting with a spare device in 3dB hybrid,
Within the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, when N is an odd number, the present invention achieves high reliability and low loss by using four N+1/2×N+1/2 switch matrices as a basic form and not using two terminals each for input and output. Repeaters can be configured.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of a conventional receiver and transmitter with 100% spare equipment and a wireless repeater using an N×N switch matrix.
is a 100% spare configuration receiver, 21, 22, 23 are
The 100% reserve configuration transmitter 101 is an N×N switch matrix. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a wireless repeater according to the present invention, with 11,...1・N/2,
1・N/2+1,...1N is a receiver with 100% reserve configuration, 21,...2・N/2, 2・N/2+1,...2・N is a transmitter with 100% reserve configuration, 101 is N×N The switch matrix is composed of four N/2×N/2 switch matrices 101', 102', 103', and 104'. 31,...3・N/2, 3・N/2+1,...3N and 41...4・N/2, 4・N/2+1...4・N connect the switch matrix and the receiver and transmitter, respectively. It is a 3dB hybrid.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. N systems of receivers and transmitters each having 100% spare equipment, and switches each having N input and output systems that can arbitrarily set connections between these receivers and transmitters.・In a wireless repeater consisting of a matrix, the switch matrix is composed of four first to fourth N/2×N/2 switch matrices each having N/2 number of input and output terminals, and The N input terminals of the third N/2×N/2 switch matrix are connected to the first two input terminals of the N input side hybrid.
the second and fourth terminals, respectively connected to one of the terminals;
The N input terminals of the N/2×N/2 switch matrix are connected to the first two terminals of the N input side hybrid.
and the N output terminals of the first and second N/2×N/2 switch matrices are respectively connected to one of the first two terminals of the N output hybrids. The N output terminals of the third and fourth N/2×N/2 switch matrices are respectively connected to the other of the first two terminals of the N output side hybrids, and the input side and the remaining two terminals of each hybrid on the output side, that is, the second two terminals of the input and output hybrids, are connected to a working receiver and a backup transmitter, respectively.