JPS644417B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a load control device that centrally controls a plurality of loads, such as a heater system.

Conventionally, as this type of load control device, there is one that has been adopted for controlling electric heating, for example. This device is equipped with a heat generating device such as a heater in the heated room, connects this heater to a power source via a thyristor phase control device, and also provides a sensor to detect the indoor temperature in the heated room, and sets the output of this sensor and the preset value. There is a heater which controls the heat generation of the heater by controlling the conduction angle of the thyristor phase control device based on the output compared with the output corresponding to the temperature.

By the way, if such a device is used in a place with a large number of heated rooms, such as a school, the entire device becomes large because it is necessary to prepare the same number of heaters with the above-mentioned configuration as there are heaters for each heated room. It's getting bigger.

However, in the case of the above-mentioned school, not all of the heated rooms are always used, and they are divided into those that are always used, such as general classrooms, and those that are occasionally used, such as special classrooms. Accordingly, heaters are divided into high-priority heaters that are always used and low-priority heaters that are only occasionally used.

However, even with this usage, all classrooms may be uniformly heated to a predetermined temperature at the beginning of the school day. May be temporarily concentrated.

Therefore, if you take this into account and set the power supply capacity according to the installed capacity of the heater, there will be no problem with power capacity for equipment operation, but it is recommended to set a large power supply capacity for heaters that are not used very often. This was extremely disadvantageous economically as it led to an increase in equipment costs and a rise in electricity rates.

Therefore, in the past, priority was determined on the load (heater) side as described above, and when an overload occurs and the supplied power exceeds a predetermined level, the stop operation is forcibly executed starting with the load with the lowest priority, and then When the load becomes lighter and the supplied power falls below a predetermined value, a measure is taken in which the power is turned on sequentially starting from the load with the highest priority.

However, when such measures are taken, heating may be stopped continuously in a heated room with a low priority load, i.e., a heater, and the person using the room may feel cold despite the heating equipment. There was an inconvenience that forced me to do so.

In addition, JP-A-52-34335 discloses that the supplied power is periodically compared with a limit value, and when the supplied power exceeds the limit value, an off signal is output, and the order of this off signal and the address match. A method has been proposed that forcibly turns off the load on the terminal device. In this case, by periodically outputting an off signal, the load that is forced off is shifted (the first off signal causes the address number to be changed).
1 load, address No. 2 load at the second off signal, etc.).

However, if such a measure is taken, if the power consumption exceeds the limit value at a certain point, the No. 1 load will be forced off for a relatively long time, and then if the power consumption exceeds the limit value at a certain point, the No. By simply changing the load to be forcibly turned off, as in .2, the load to be forcibly turned off is different, and from the perspective of the load that is forcibly turned off during this period, power is not supplied for a long time, causing the same problem as mentioned above. arise.

The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a load control device that can always provide a stable heating effect and that can be made smaller and less expensive.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. By the way, first, the idea of this invention will be briefly explained. If we prioritize the load (heater) as described above and stop it every time the supplied power is exceeded, one load will be stopped continuously, so only the temperature of the room containing this load (heater) will be reduced. decreases significantly.

Therefore, in order to avoid this, it is possible to control the heaters in each room to turn off evenly according to a predetermined relationship, and lower the temperature of these rooms in stages according to the amount of excess power supplied. will disappear.

Therefore, in this invention, a load of a predetermined channel that has a low priority among all loads, that is, a target of power suppression control, is set in advance, such as a heater system,
When the total power supply exceeds a predetermined level, that is, a suppression level, each heater for these channels is repeatedly turned off at a predetermined time interval, effectively stopping the operation of the heater system corresponding to the overpower, and each The temperature in the room corresponding to the heater is lowered on average.

This state will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1a and 1b. In this case, the illustrated example shows the heater system set for 15 channels.

First, when the supplied power exceeds the suppression level, as shown in Figure 1a, channels CH ₁ to CH ₁₅ are repeatedly turned off at time t, essentially stopping the operation of one heater system and supplying power. Try to reduce power consumption. However, when this alone cannot lower the supplied power below the suppression level, or when another load is newly added and the supplied power exceeds the suppression level, channels CH ₁ to CH ₁₅ are changed as shown in Figure 1b. up to 2 tons per hour,
Moreover, this operation is repeated periodically so that both systems are turned off at the same time, so that the operation of the two heater systems is substantially stopped. In this way, each time the supplied power exceeds the suppression level, the number of heater systems that are turned off simultaneously is increased.

As a result, the heater systems corresponding to overpowering are effectively stopped, so the power supply is always suppressed to below a predetermined level, and the temperature in the room corresponding to each heater system is reduced at this time. The off time t of 1 is reduced step by step. In this case, the off time t is set as follows. In other words, the indoor temperature is generally 20℃.
It is known that when the outside temperature is 5°C, the temperature will drop by 1°C in about 2 minutes if the room heater is turned off, although this may vary depending on the insulation effect of the room and other factors. Therefore, if the above-mentioned time t is set to about 2 minutes, the above-mentioned first
In the one-system off control shown in Figure a, all channels CH ₁ ~
The temperature in the heated room of CH ₁₅ will decrease by about 1°C on average.

Furthermore, when the power supply that is suppressed as described above drops significantly below the suppression level due to the tripping of other loads, the heater system is effectively stopped from operating by performing the opposite procedure as described above. . That is, when another load is tripped while three systems are currently being off-controlled, the off-control of these three systems is changed to two systems. For this purpose, a predetermined level, ie, a return level, is set to restore the suppression of the supplied power, and the number of heater systems that are turned off is reduced each time the supplied power falls below the same level.

The state of such suppression and recovery control can be illustrated as shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows the case where the supplied power is increased and decreased linearly.

Next, a specific configuration of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In this case, FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of loads, such as a heater system, are subjected to intensive program control over time. In the figure, 1 is a main control device, and this main control device 1 includes a memory 2, an operation stop designation circuit 3, a switching circuit 4, a time designation circuit 5, a clock circuit 6, an oscillator 7, a memory control device 8, and a write command switch 9. The operation stop data of the operation stop designation circuit 3 and the clock data of the time designation circuit 5 are stored in the memory 2 in advance before turning on the write command switch 9, and the time output of the clock circuit 6 driven by the oscillator 7 is used. The operation stop output corresponding to the above time data is read out from the memory 2 and stored in the buffer register 10.

Then, the output of this register 10 is given to the heater power control device 11 corresponding to the above-mentioned heater system, and the heater is programmed to stop operating as time passes. The heater power control device 11 is provided for each room to be heated, and connects a heater 12, which is a heat generating device, to a power supply bus 14 via a control device, for example, a thyristor phase control device 13, and a sensor 15 that detects the indoor temperature. Comparator 17 compares the output of temperature setter 16 with the output of
The heat generated by the heater 12 is controlled by controlling the conduction angle of the thyristor phase control device 13 based on the comparative output of the thyristor phase control device 13. In addition to the phase control device, a relay or the like may be used as the control device. Also, it turns on and off every few cycles of the power supply voltage.
It may be something you do.

Here, in the illustrated example, the heater power control device 11 that is the target of power suppression control is configured in accordance with the above explanation.
Only 15 channels, that is, 11 ₁ to 11 ₁₅ minutes are provided.

Next, a power suppression control device 18 is provided between the main control device 1 and the heater power control device 11.

In this case, the power suppression control device 18 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, a transformer, for example, a current transformer 19 is inserted into the power supply bus 14 to which the heater power control device 11 described above is connected, and the current transformer 19
The output end of is connected to analog comparators 21 and 22 via a DC converter 20. The analog comparator 21 is a setting device for setting the above-mentioned suppression level, for example, the setting value of the current setting device 23 and the above-mentioned setting value.
Power bus 14 provided via DC converter 20
The output corresponding to the supplied power is compared, and an output is generated when the output corresponding to the supplied power exceeds the above-mentioned suppression level. Further, the analog comparator 22 is connected to the setting value of the above-mentioned reset level setting device, for example, the current setting device 24, and the power supply bus 1 provided via the above-mentioned DC converter 20.
The output corresponding to the supplied power of No. 4 is compared, and an output is generated when the output corresponding to the supplied power falls below the recovery level.

Then, the output terminal of the analog comparator 21 is connected to the up terminal UP of the up/down counter 27 via the differentiating circuit 25 and the OR circuit 26.
The output terminal of the analog comparator 22 is connected to the down terminal DN of the up/down counter 27 via a distribution circuit 28 and an OR circuit 29. This up-down counter 27 counts up the count every time an input is given to the up terminal UP, and down-counts the count every time an input is given to the down terminal DN.

Further, the output terminals of the analog comparators 21 and 22 are connected to a clock generator 31 via an OR circuit 30. This clock generator 31 generates a pulse output when the output of the comparator 21 or 22 continues for a predetermined period of time.

The output terminal of the clock generator 31 is connected to the up terminal UP of the up-down counter 27 via the AND circuit 32 and the OR circuit 26, and also connects to the up-down terminal UP of the up-down counter 27 via the AND circuit 33 and the OR circuit 29. Connect to down terminal DN of counter 27.

Here, the AND circuit 32 generates an output when an AND condition between the output of the comparator 21 and the output of the clock generator 31 is satisfied,
The AND circuit 33 generates an output when an AND condition between the output of the comparator 22 and the output of the clock generator 31 is satisfied.

The output terminal of the up-down counter 27 is connected to a code converter 34. This code converter 34 has the same number of output terminals t ₁ , t _{2 .} . . t ₁₅ as the heater power control device 11 described above, that is, 15 channels in the illustrated example.
When the count content of 7 is "1", output is generated only to output terminal t ₁ , and when the count content is "2", output is generated to output terminals t ₁ and t ₂ , and the following count content is generated in the same way. Outputs are generated at output terminals t ₁ to _{t 15} according to the output voltage. Here, the code converter 34 specifically includes decoders 35 and 36 that convert the BCD code representing the count contents of the up-down counter 27 into a decimal code, as shown in FIG. Ten
Gates that generate outputs of channels 1 to 15 from the base code, such as OR circuits 37 ₁ , 37 ₂ , ... 37 ₁₄
It consists of

Output terminals t ₁ , t ₂ . . . of the code converter 34
Connect _t15 to a shift register 38 consisting of 15 bits. This shift register 38 stores the output of the code converter 34 and rotates the stored contents one digit at a time using the output pulse of the clock generator 39.
When there is an output only at output terminal _t1 of 4, 1 bit out of 15 bits becomes logic 1 and output terminal _PO1 ,
For example, if a "0" output is generated that sequentially rotates one digit at a time to PO ₂ , ... PO ₁₅ , and outputs are provided to the output terminals _t1 , _t2 of the code converter 34, 2 out of 15 bits are logic 1. output end
A "0" output is generated that rotates in the manner of PO ₁ , PO ₂ →PO ₂ , PO ₃ →PO ₃ , PO ₄ , →..., and the output terminal is changed in the same manner according to the output of the code converter 34.
"0" output is generated at PO ₁ , PO ₂ , . . . PO ₁₅ .

Here, the generation cycle of the output pulses of the clock generator 39 is made to correspond to the above-mentioned off time t.

Then, the output terminal of the shift register 38
PO ₁ , PO ₂ , . . . PO ₁₅ are each connected to one input terminal of a gate circuit, for example, an AND circuit 40 ₁ , 40 ₂ , . . . 40 ₁₅ . In this case, these AND circuits 40 ₁ ,
40 ₂ ...40 ₁₅ have their respective other input terminals connected to the buffer register 10 side of the main control device 1 described above, and output terminals thereof to the heater power control device 1 described above.
1 ₁ , 11 ₂ , . . . 11 ₁₅ respectively, and the operation _of the heater power control device 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ . There is.

Next, the operation of the apparatus constructed as above will be described. Now, the heater control devices 11 ₁ , 1 ₂ , . . . are controlled by the program control according to the passage of time by the main control device 1.
11 It is assumed that ₁₅ is in operation.

In this state, if another load is applied, the power supply bus 1
4 exceeds the suppression level (in this case, the power of each heater may be increased). In other words, when the output of the DC converter 20 corresponding to the supplied power exceeds the setting value of the setting device 23, the comparator 21 generates an output, which is passed through the differentiating circuit 25 to the up terminal UP of the up down counter 27.
is given and counted as 1. Then, due to the count value "1" of the counter 27 at this time, an output is generated only at the output terminal _t1 of the code converter 34.

Therefore, in the shift register 38, 1 bit out of 15 bits becomes logic 1 and the output terminals PO ₁ , PO ₂ . . .
Since an output is generated in PO ₁₅ that sequentially rotates one digit at a _time , the AND circuits _{40 1} , _{40 2 .} The operation is repeatedly switched off periodically at time _t1 .

As a result, the operation of one heater system is substantially stopped, and the power supply is suppressed accordingly. In addition, at this time, the temperature of the heated room corresponding to each heater power control device 11 ₁ , 11 _{2 .} °C).

However, this alone may not reduce the supplied power below the suppression level. In this case, the output of the analog comparator 21 continues. Therefore, if this state continues for a predetermined period of time, the clock generator 31 generates a pulse output. Then, the up-down counter 27 also counts this pulse output and sets the count content to "2" this time.

As a result, the code converter 34 becomes an output terminal.
Outputs are now generated at t ₁ and t ₂ , and the shift register 38 now has 2 out of 15 bits set to logic 1.
The output terminal PO ₁ , PO ₂ → PO ₂ , PO ₃ → PO ₃ ,
PO ₄ Generates an output that rotates as follows.
Therefore, the AND circuits 40 ₁ , 40 _{2 .} . .
The heater power control device 11 is turned off one by one.
₁ , 11 ₂ ... 11 ₁₅ operates for 2t, and like the two systems, they are repeatedly turned off periodically.

As a result, the operation of the two heater systems is substantially stopped, and the power supply is suppressed. Further, at this time, the temperature of each heated room is lowered by a predetermined temperature on average during the operation stop time of 2t.

Similarly, when the supplied power does not fall below the suppression level, the output of the comparator 21 continues and pulse outputs are generated sequentially from the clock generator 31, which are counted by the counter 27, so they are turned off at the same time in the same way as described above. As the number of heater systems increases, the power supply is suppressed.

Thereafter, when the supplied power falls below the suppression level, the output of the comparator 21 is stopped, so that the supplied power is stabilized in a suppressed state according to the count content of the counter 27 at this time.

Next, when another load is tripped from this state and the supplied power becomes below the recovery level, that is, when the output of the DC converter 20 corresponding to the supplied power becomes below the set value of the setting device 24, An output is generated from the comparator 22 and is applied to the down terminal DN of the up/down counter 27 via the distribution circuit 28. Therefore, the counter 27 counts down by one, so that the actual operation stoppage of the heater system is restored by one system by the procedure opposite to that described above.

Similarly, when the supplied power does not exceed the recovery level, the comparator 22 continues to output, and the clock generator 31 generates a pulse output.
This sequentially decreases the count of the counter 27, so that the heater system is effectively stopped.

As described above, according to the present invention, if the supplied power exceeds the suppression level, the number of heater systems corresponding to the overpower can be substantially stopped, so that the supplied power can always be controlled to be below the suppression level. I can do it. This means that the capacity of the power supply equipment can be reduced compared to the conventional system in which the power supply capacity is set according to the total load, and the device can be made smaller and less expensive.
Also, at this time, the room temperature corresponding to each heater system due to the operation stoppage of the heater system is lowered on average for each room depending on the operation stoppage time, so priority is given to the conventional load. You can also expect a stable heating effect at all times compared to low-temperature heating systems that continuously stop operating every time the power supply exceeds, which significantly lowers only the temperature of the room with this load. .

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope without changing the gist.
For example, the load is not limited to an electric heating device, but can also be applied to other loads such as a lighting device. Further, in the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which the heater power control device subject to power suppression control has 15 channels, but it is of course possible to use another number of channels. If the number of channels increases significantly, the power suppression control device may include a plurality of up-down counters, code converters, and shift registers arranged in parallel, as shown in FIG. Here, in FIG. 6, the same parts as in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals, and other parts arranged in parallel are given the subscript n. Furthermore, in the above description, the control target is the one with the lowest priority among the total loads, but the entire load may be the target of control. Furthermore, a plurality of loads (heater systems) that are periodically turned off may be grouped together. Furthermore, although the main control section is program-controlled, it is of course applicable to other systems.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a load control device that can always be expected to have a stable heating effect, and that can also be made smaller and less expensive.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1a, b and 2 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the concept of this invention, Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of this invention, and Figure 4 is a power suppression control used in the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the code converter used in this embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main control device, 2... Memory, 3... Operation stop designation circuit, 4... Switching circuit, 5... Time designation circuit, 6... Clock circuit, 7... Oscillator, 8...
Memory control circuit, 9... Command switch, 10...
... Buffer resistor, 11 ... Heater power control device, 12 ... Heater, 13 ... Thyristor phase control device, 14 ... Bus bar, 15 ... Sensor, 1
6...Temperature setting device, 17...Comparator, 18...Power suppression control device, 19...Current transformer, 20...DC
Converter, 21, 22...analog comparator,
23, 24... Current setting device, 25, 28... Characteristic circuit, 26, 29, 30, 37 ₁ , 37 ₂ ...37 ₁₄
...OR circuit, 27...Up-down counter,
31, 39... Clock generator, 32, 3
3,40 ₁ ,40 ₂ ...40 ₁₅ ...AND circuit, 34
... code comparator, 35, 36 ... decoder, 38 ... shift register, 39 ... clock generator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of loads; A main control device that centrally controls the shutdown of these loads; Means for comparing the electric power supplied to the plurality of loads with a predetermined value set in advance; means for periodically turning off the plurality of loads for each load based on a comparison output when the supplied power exceeds the predetermined value; and a power suppression control device having means for setting off time intervals for each of the loads. A load control device characterized by comprising;