JPS644457B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electric wheelchair in which a drive wheel driven by a motor is operated by an operator, and in particular, the mechanical brake of the drive wheel is activated automatically and with a delay when the operator is operated in neutral. It is something.

Since this type of wheelchair is used by disabled or sick people, a brake operator is often provided in addition to the normal operator to prevent sudden braking during operation. However, it is difficult for the user to immediately operate another operator when the brake is suddenly requested.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and embodiments thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is the left and right motor ML that is powered from the 24V battery B,
In an electric wheelchair driven by MR, each rotation of the motors ML and MR is decelerated and transmitted to separate left and right drive wheels 2L and 2R, and each motor ML and MR
Each is equipped with a mechanical brake using a brake disc or the like. 3 is a control box, which is operated by moving forward, backward, left and right, and between them to control the motor.
Operator 4 that collectively controls ML and MR, battery B checker 5, and 4 power switches
An operation knob 6 is provided to operate MSW ₁ to MSW ₄ at once. As shown in FIG. 3, the control box 3 has an internal structure in which bevel gears 8L and 8R are meshed with the bevel gear 7 connected to the operator 4 from the front and rear directions.
These bevel gears 8L, 8R are rotated by operating the operator 4. Four cams 9L..., 9R... are fixed to each of the bevel gears 8L, 8R, and the cams 9L..., 9R... are turned on at an appropriate rotation angle.
There are four switches SW ₁ L to SW ₄ L and four switches SW ₁ R to _{SW 4} R that are turned off. Further, variable resistors 10, 10 are also provided to adjust the vehicle speed according to the degree of rotation of the bevel gears 8L, 8R. Heart-shaped cams 11, 11 are fixed to the bevel gears 8L, 8R, and rollers 12, 12 elastically press the central recessed portions of the heart cams 11, 11 from above by means of springs 13, 13. There is. Therefore,
Even when the bevel gears 8L and 8R are rotated, they are always biased in the return direction, and thereby the operator 4 is similarly biased. This return position is the controller 4.
And each cam 9L..., 9R... is set to the neutral position.

Figure 4 shows typical operating positions of the above-mentioned operator 4, where is the high-speed forward position where the motors ML and MR are rotated forward at maximum speed, and is the high-speed forward position where the motors ML and MR are rotated forward at a constant speed. In the forward position, the motor
Neutral position where both ML and MR are stopped,
is the reverse position when the motors ML and MR are reversed at a constant speed, and is the left motor when the motor MR is reversed.
The normal rotation to the right (clockwise) position is when the ML is rotated forward, and the normal rotation to the left (counterclockwise) position is when the right motor MR rotates forward at a constant speed and the left motor ML is rotated in the opposite direction. The forward right rotation position is when the forward rotation is performed at maximum speed, and the forward left rotation position is when the left motor ML is rotated in the opposite direction.
The reverse right turning position where the MR was stopped is the reverse left turning position where it was activated.

When the operator 4 is operated to each operating position, the brake switch is activated by the cams 9L..., 9R.
SW ₁ L, forward/reverse switch SW ₂ L, SW ₃ L, high speed switch SW ₄ L, brake switch SW ₁ R, forward/reverse switch SW ₂ R, SW ₃ R, high speed switch
SW ₄ R is turned on and off to control the drive of each motor ML and MR. FIG. 5 shows the control circuit for the motors ML and MR, the brake coils BCL and BCR for operating the mechanical brake discs, and the relay contacts 14L and 14R as switching means. Incidentally, FIG. 5 shows a state in which the operator 4 is operated to the neutral position. In this Figure 5, battery B has a power switch.
Make MSW ₁ and breaker BK common and connect each motor.
Chopper 15 for power supply path and speed control of ML and MR
L and 15R are connected symmetrically above and below in the figure as a control circuit, and the brake coils BCL,
BCR, two normally closed relay contacts 14L, and 1
All 4Rs are connected in series.

To explain the electrical wiring on the left motor ML side, connect the normally open contact of brake switch SW ₁ L to battery B, and connect the common terminal to the normally open contact of forward/reverse switch SW ₂ L and the normally open contact of forward/reverse switch SW ₃ L. Normally open contacts and these two forward/reverse changeover switches
Connect the left motor ML between the common terminals of SW ₂ L and SW ₃ L via the power switch MSW ₃ , and connect the normally closed contacts of these two forward/reverse changeover switches SW ₂ L and SW ₃ L to the chopper 15L. a pair of transistors by
Connected to Tr ₁ L and Tr ₂ L. A high speed switch SW ₄ L is connected in parallel to this pair of transistors Tr ₁ L and Tr ₂ L. In addition, relay RyL is connected to the common terminal of brake switch SW ₁ L via diode DL.
is connected, and a capacitor CL for delay activation is connected in parallel to this relay RyL. This relay RyL opens the relay contact 14L. The resistor RL connected to the normally closed contact of the brake switch SW ₁ L is a resistor for dynamic braking.

The electrical wiring on the right motor MR side is exactly the same as that on the left motor ML, and relay RyR opens the relay contact 14R. The left and right motors ML and MR rotate in the forward direction when they are supplied with power from the forward/reverse changeover switch SW ₂ L or _the forward/reverse changeover switch SW ₂ R;
Reverses when power is supplied from SW ₃ R.

Figure 6 shows the brake switch SW ₁ L and forward/reverse changeover switch when the operator 4 is operated to each operating position.
SW ₂ L, SW ₃ L, high speed switch SW ₄ L, brake switch SW ₁ R, forward/reverse selector switch SW ₂ R,
Shows the ON-OFF status of SW ₃ R and high-speed switch SW ₄ R. Thus, in each operation position except the neutral position, the driving wheels 2L and 2R are driven in a predetermined manner, and the brake switch SW ₁ L and the brake switch SW ₁ R are turned on, or either switch is turned on.
Since it is ON, relays RyL and RyR open relay contacts 14L and 14R, and brake switch BCL,
BCR has stopped operating. Also, each capacitor
CL and CR are charged. Therefore, when the operator 4 is returned to the neutral position manually or automatically by releasing the operating force, the relays RyL and RyR operate for a while due to the discharge of the capacitors CL and CR.
During this time, each motor ML and MR is dynamically braked using resistors RL and RR. Then, for example, when the relays RyL and RyR stop operating one second later, mechanical braking by brake coils BCL and BCR is activated in addition to the dynamic braking to stop the drive wheels 2L and 2R.
Therefore, the user does not receive a shock since the driving wheels 2L and 2R are not subjected to sudden braking. or,
Even if you take your hand off the operator 4 in a hurry when braking, the operator 4 will automatically return to the neutral position due to the functions of the heart cam 11 and the pressure roller 12, so even at that time, it will take about 1 second after the dynamic braking starts. Mechanical brakes then work. Note that the neutral position is located at the center of each operation position, and the operator 4 passes through it each time the operation position is changed, but the operation time during this passage does not normally exceed 1 second, which is the delay time, so the machine There are no disadvantages such as the brakes not working and the mechanical brakes working each time during operation resulting in a shock or severe wear of the disk etc. or,
The delay time is set so as not to interfere with the operation.

As described above, in the electric wheelchair according to the present invention, the mechanical brake is automatically activated simply by operating the forward and reverse operation levers to the neutral position, making the brake operation very easy. In addition, since the mechanical brake is activated with a delay by the brake switch when the operator is operated to the neutral position, there is no sudden brake shock to the user, and the safety of this type of wheelchair is sufficiently ensured. It is possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the electric wheelchair according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the control box, Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the control box, and Fig. 4 shows typical operating positions of the controls. Figure 5 is the electrical circuit diagram, Figure 6 is the ON switch for each operating position.
- It is a figure which shows an OFF state. 2L, 2R...Drive wheel, 4...Controller, 14
L, 14R...Relay contact as switching means, ML, MR...Motor, BCL, BCR...Brake coil for mechanical brake, CL, CR...
...Capacitor, RyL, RyR...Relay, SW ₁ L,
SW ₁ R……Brake switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A motor that drives a drive wheel, and a motor that rotates the motor in the forward direction or
It consists of an operator that controls reverse rotation, gear change, and stopping, a brake switch that is operated when the operator is in the neutral position that controls the motor to stop, and a mechanical brake for the drive wheels that is activated with a delay by the brake switch. Electric wheelchair. 2. The electric wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the operating element is biased so as to return to the neutral position.