JPS644833B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a novel vertical grain sorter that has been improved to improve sorting performance.

(History of Prior Art) A vertical grain sorter is a device that sorts grains according to their grain size and extracts only grains that are well-sized. To briefly describe the structure of this vertical grain sorter, the sorting tube has a cylindrical shape as a whole and has countless sorting holes drilled in part or all of its circumferential surface according to the grain size to be sorted. is erected, and a helical body comprising a rotating shaft and a helical blade provided around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is rotatably fitted and erected in the sorting cylinder. In the case of conventional vertical grain sorters, because the sorting tube is installed upright, the sorting action is carried out over the entire circumference of the tube, resulting in a high sorting performance of 80 to 85%. It was getting worse.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new vertical grain sorter (hereinafter referred to as the present sorter) that further improves the sorting performance of the vertical grain sorter as described above.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for solving the problem) The gist of the present sorting machine is that a rotating shaft is installed upright at the center of the interior of a cylindrical sorting tube, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is A spiral blade is provided around the grain which projects downwardly incliningly toward the grain, and a circumferential gap approximately 2 to 3 times the average diameter of the grains is provided between the outer edge of the spiral blade and the inner circumferential wall of the sorting cylinder. The point is that

(Function) The grains placed on the upper surface of the spiral blade, which is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft so as to be inclined downward in the outward direction of the diameter, are transferred to the sorting tube by the outward downward slope of the spiral blade and the centrifugal force. Although it is pressed against the inner circumferential wall and subjected to sorting, there is a space between the outer edge of the spiral blade and the inner circumferential wall of the sorting cylinder.
Since a circumferential gap approximately 2 to 3 times the average diameter of the grains is provided, a moderate amount of grain leakage occurs from the circumferential gap. The grains that have leaked out are again subjected to the sorting action on the upper surface of the lower spiral blade, increasing the circulation rate of the grains, that is, the chance of sorting, and improving the sorting accuracy. In addition, since the grains leaking from the circumferential gap mainly belong to small diameters, including those on the border line that should be sieved out from the sorting tube, grains belonging to these small diameters are passed to the upper area of the sorting tube. Waste such as fried grains is avoided,
The load on the spiral blade is reduced accordingly. Furthermore, breakage of grains (particularly sized grains) is prevented and the yield is improved.

(Example) The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing examples thereof.

First, the structure of the present sorting machine will be explained in more detail based on FIG. The inside of the outer grain body 1 erected on the base 7 is divided into a lower grain supply area 2, an intermediate sorting area 3, and an upper grain removal area 4. is separated by a lower partition plate 5, and the sorting area 3 and extraction area 4 are partitioned by an upper partition plate 6, so that the small waste grains sieved out may not mix into the unsorted grain group, It is designed to prevent the selected large grains from getting mixed into the waste grain group. Directly above the center of the base 7,
A cylindrical grain-receiving chamber 14 is fixedly installed, and grains to be sorted introduced from a grain supply port 15 are received at the bottom thereof. The sorting cylinder 8 is a cylinder supported in an upright position directly above the grain receiving chamber 14, and is connected to a bottomless lower cylinder part 9 facing the supply area 2.
, an upper cylindrical part 12 with a lid facing the extraction area 4 and having a discharge window 13 on its circumferential side, and a perforated cylindrical part 10 facing the sorting area 3 and having numerous screening holes 11.
It forms a shape in which the two are integrally combined. The spiral body 20 is vertically inserted into the lower cylinder part 9, the porous cylinder part 10, and the sorting cylinder part 12 of the sorting cylinder 8 from the grain receiving chamber 14, and is fitted and rotated therein. ing. In FIG. 1, 21 is a spiral wing. The present invention is characterized in that the spiral blade 21 is improved, and will be described in detail later. Reference numeral 22 denotes a motor, which applies rotational driving force to the spiral body 20 via appropriate transmission means such as a belt, a belt wheel, and a gear. The rotation speed of the spiral body 20 is 150 to 350 rpm
The rotation speed is normally set at a high speed of 1, but it can be increased or decreased depending on the breakage resistance strength of the grains to be sorted and other circumstances. Further, the sorting cylinder 8 can also be rotated at a low speed of 50 to 100 rpm in the opposite direction to the spiral body 20. The structure and function of the upper part of the present sorting machine will be explained later.

By the way, the most distinctive feature of the present sorting machine is that, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spiral body 2
0, a spiral blade (hereinafter referred to as an inclined spiral blade) 21a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 20a in a downward radially outward direction (hereinafter referred to as an inclined spiral blade), and the inclined spiral blade 21
The point is that a circumferential gap Y corresponding to about 2 to 3 times the average diameter of grains is provided between the outer edge of a and the inner circumferential wall of the porous cylindrical portion 10.

Therefore, the inclined spiral blade 21a will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 3, the inclined spiral blade 21a is provided protruding from the rotating shaft 20a at an inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal line. Generally, when the spiral body 20 rotates, a centrifugal force acts on the grains and they gather on the inner circumferential wall side of the porous cylinder part 10, and the upper surface of the grain group M has an inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal line.
It becomes deposited near the outer edge of the spiral wing. The sorting performance improves as the bulk of the grain group M formed on the inner circumferential wall of the porous cylindrical portion 10 increases. Third
As shown in the figure, when the inclination angle of the inclined spiral blade 21a is α, the bulk of the grain group M is ha, but this bulk height ha is about 10 An increase of ~20% is observed. Needless to say, the bulkiness of the grain group M increases as the rotational speed of the spiral body 20 increases. Therefore,
In order to specifically determine the inclination angle α, it is necessary to consider the centrifugal force that acts to press the grain group M against the inner circumferential wall surface of the porous cylinder portion 10. The centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the rotational speed of the spiral body 20, and the rotational speed is selected in consideration of the wave loss resistance of the grains to be sorted. If the inclination angle α is increased ignoring the balance with the centrifugal force, the amount of grains leaking out from the circumferential gap Y between the outer edge of the inclined spiral blade 21a and the inner circumferential wall of the porous cylindrical portion 10 will increase. As a result, the bulk of the grain group M tends to decrease. In short, it is a good idea to make the inclination angle α as large as possible without breaking the balance between the centrifugal force acting on the grains and the surface frictional resistance of the inclined helical blades 21a. According to an example in which rice grains were sorted, it was most effective when the inclination angle α was in the range of 15 to 40 degrees. It should be noted that when the inclination angle α is less than 10°, the effect to be evaluated cannot be expected.

Such inclined spiral blades 21a do not necessarily need to be provided around the entire length of the spiral body 20. The reason is that a substantial sorting effect is exerted on the grains in the height range of the porous cylindrical portion 10. Therefore, the inclined spiral blades 21a are provided only in the range H shown in FIG. This is because even if the blade is a horizontal spiral blade, the overall sorting performance will never deteriorate.

An additional effect of providing the inclined spiral blades 21a is that when the grain sorting machine is stopped after the sorting operation is completed, all the grains remaining on the upper surface of the blades slide down and enter the grain receiving chamber. Since the remaining grains are collected at the bottom of the container, it is easy to dispose of the remaining grains. That is, by opening the doors 23, 23' provided at the lower part of the grain receiving chamber 14 and the outer shell 1, the remaining grains can be easily taken out.

Next, the circumferential gap Y will be explained. As can be seen from the selection situation shown in Figure 3. A circumferential gap Y with respect to the inner circumferential wall of the multi-cylindrical portion 10 in the sorting tube 8 is provided at the outer edge of the inclined helical blade 21a in the helical body 20. This circumferential gap Y is designed to actively leak small-diameter items, including those on the border line of whether or not to be sieved and sorted, during the sorting process, and to screen out items belonging to small diameters. The aim is to increase opportunities for Generally, when a container containing many homogeneous particles is vibrated,
A phenomenon occurs in which small-diameter particles gather in the lower layer and large-diameter particles gather in the upper layer, and the same phenomenon occurs when grains are lifted by the inclined spiral blades 21a of the spiral body 20. Therefore, since most of the particles leaking from the circumferential gap Y belong to small diameter particles, it is possible to avoid wasteful lifting of particles belonging to small diameters to the upper area of the sorting tube 8, and also to prevent waste from being collected in the sorted group after sorting. It is possible to reduce the proportion of grains (small-diameter grains) included, thereby increasing the sorting accuracy. However, if the circumferential gap Y is made too large, the bulk of the grain group M will be reduced, so care must be taken. Therefore, in this example, the size of the circumferential gap Y is set to approximately 2 to 20% of the average grain diameter.
It was assumed to be equivalent to three times the amount.

The operation status of the present sorting machine will be explained based on FIG. 1 again. When a rotational force is applied to the spiral body 20,
The grains received in the grain receiving chamber 14 are first
Inclined spiral blades 21a of the spiral body 20 (FIGS. 2 and 3)
(see figure), the grains are lifted into the porous cylinder part 10 through the lower cylinder part 9 of the sorting cylinder 8.
Since the grains are subjected to centrifugal force as well as grain lifting action, they are pushed toward the inner circumferential wall of the porous cylindrical portion 10. Although the porous cylindrical portion 10 has numerous screening holes 11, Out of the grain group M, waste grains with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the sorting hole 11 pass through the sorting hole 11 and enter the sorting area 3.
The liquid is sieved out, guided to the discharge port 16 by the lower scraper blades 18 provided on the outer periphery of the porous cylindrical portion 10, and then discharged to the outside of the outer shell 1. In this way, the waste grains are sieved out at the position of the porous cylinder part 10, and the remaining large grains are sieved out at the position of the porous cylinder part 10.
The particles are transported to the position 2, and are eventually discharged from the discharge window 13 to the extraction area 4, guided to the extraction port 17 by the upper scraper blade 19 provided on the outer periphery of the upper cylinder part 12, and then the outer shell A packaging container made of a bag or the like is prepared below the outlet 17, and the product is taken out of the body 1, into which the product is stuffed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention has been described in detail above, and has the effects listed below.

a. Most of the grains leaking from the circumferential gap provided between the outer edge of the inclined spiral blade and the inner wall of the sorting tube are small-diameter grains (waste grains) that should be discharged outside the sorting tube, The chances of sorting them increase, the proportion of waste grains included in the sorted group after sorting decreases, and the sorting accuracy improves.

b Since grains belonging to small diameters are discharged out of the sorting cylinder at the lower area of the perforated cylinder part of the sorting cylinder, waste such as lifting grains belonging to small diameters to the upper area of the sorting cylinder is avoided, and the waste is avoided. The load on the inclined spiral blades is reduced, contributing to improved sorting efficiency.

c If grains belonging to small diameters are discharged outside the sorting tube at the lower area of the perforated tube part of the sorting tube, the height of the vertical grain sorter can be lowered, and the height of the sorter can be lowered. Contributes to overall miniaturization.

d) By reducing the load on the inclined spiral blades, no unreasonable lifting force is applied to the grains, which prevents damage to the grains (especially grain size) and contributes to improved yield.

e) Conventionally, the limit of sorting performance was 80-85%, but it can be improved to 95-99% at once.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings all show the present sorting machine; Figure 1 is an overall sectional view, Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the inclined spiral blade, and Figure 3 shows the sorting situation using the inclined spiral blade of Figure 2. FIG. 1... Outer shell body, 2... Supply area, 3... Sorting area,
4... Removal area, 8... Sorting tube, 10... Porous cylinder section, 14... Grain receiving chamber, 20... Spiral body, 20a...
... Rotating shaft, 21... Spiral blade, 21a... Inclined spiral blade, Y... Circumferential gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotating shaft is erected at the center of the interior of the cylindrical sorting cylinder, and spiral blades are provided around the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, protruding downwardly in a radially outward direction,
A vertical grain sorting machine characterized in that a circumferential gap approximately 2 to 3 times the average diameter of grains is provided between the outer edge of the spiral blade and the inner circumferential wall of the sorting cylinder.