Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JPS644911B2 - - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JPS644911B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS644911B2
JPS644911B2 JP56165605A JP16560581A JPS644911B2 JP S644911 B2 JPS644911 B2 JP S644911B2 JP 56165605 A JP56165605 A JP 56165605A JP 16560581 A JP16560581 A JP 16560581A JP S644911 B2 JPS644911 B2 JP S644911B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
laminated
transparent
laminate
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56165605A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5867441A (en
Inventor
Toshio Nishihara
Akira Shingu
Masao Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teijin Ltd
Original Assignee
Teijin Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teijin Ltd filed Critical Teijin Ltd
Priority to JP56165605A priority Critical patent/JPS5867441A/en
Priority to DE8282305523T priority patent/DE3271844D1/en
Priority to EP19820305523 priority patent/EP0077672B1/en
Priority to US06/435,184 priority patent/US4465736A/en
Publication of JPS5867441A publication Critical patent/JPS5867441A/en
Publication of JPS644911B2 publication Critical patent/JPS644911B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、選択光透過性又は透明導電性機能を
有する積層体に関し、特に合わせ窓用に良好な選
択光透過性又は透明導電性機能を有する積層体に
関する。 安全性が要求される透明な開口部、例えば自動
車,電車,飛行機等の窓、あるいは建物窓の一部
には合わせガラス窓が用いられている。合わせ窓
の基体構成は、ガラス板等の透明体で熱可塑性樹
脂層を挟んだものであるが、合わせガラスにさら
に機能性を付与する目的からフイルムをさらに介
在させることがなされている。例えば、結露防止
効果のための透明な導電膜フイルムを介在させる
方法、あるいは可視光線は通すが近赤外線は通し
にくくすることにより光選択透過機能をもつたフ
イルムを介在させたりする方法が提案されてい
る。しかしながら、フイルムを介在した合わせ窓
で外観の良好なものは、フイルムの膜厚が約
130μm以上のものを用いないと得られなかつた。 フイルムの膜厚を薄くしていくと、合わせ窓の
透視性は良好であるが、合わせ窓の表面からの反
射像を見た時、像に細かな凹凸が生じ、実用には
供しえないものであつた。一方、一般にフイルム
の表面に機能を持たせるためにフイルムの表面に
薄膜加工を施す方法があるが、この薄膜加工は、
真空容器内でなされることが多く、その加工性,
生産性の点からは(例えば連続生産)フイルムの
膜厚の薄い方が良好である。 したがつて、上記薄膜加工に適した、例えば
25μmといつた薄い膜厚のフイルムを用いて、外
観良好な合わせ窓を製造することができれば種々
の機能を有する合わせ窓を得ることが可能とな
る。 本発明者らは、かかる目的を達成しうる良好な
フイルムの特性について検討した結果、フイルム
の膜厚と熱収縮特性を一定の条件下におくことに
より、フイルムを介在させた良好な合わせ窓が得
られることを見出し、本発明に到達した。即ち、
本発明は、透明なフイルム上に、選択光透過性又
は透明導電性機能を有する薄膜を積層してなる積
層体において、該積層体のフイルムとして、フイ
ルムの膜厚d(μm)とMD,TD両方向の熱収縮
率E(%)が以下の式 E≧−0.006×d+0.75 d≦125 を満足するフイルムを用いることを特徴とする積
層体である。本発明において用いられるフイルム
は、上記式を満足するものであるが、さらに好ま
しくは下記式 10≧E≧−0.006×d+0.75 125≧d≧10 を満足するものである。 さらに好ましくは100≧d≧10、特に好ましく
は80≧d≧10である。フイルムのコスト低減ある
いは機能性付与の際の生産性の点からフイルムは
厚さが小さいほど好ましい。また衝突時の安全性
確保の点からは、フイルムの厚さが大きすぎると
エネルギーの吸収がし難くなり好ましくない。 本発明におけるフイルムの熱収縮率Eとは、以
下の如き値である。 30cm×30cmの試験用フイルムを切り出し、各辺
から2.5cmの所に、各辺について5個の印をつけ、
所定温度の熱風乾燥器中で30分間、フリー状態で
熱処理する。熱処理後の対向辺の印間の距離をL
(cm)とすると、熱収縮率E(%)は、 E=25−L/25×100 で与えられる。熱収縮率を定義するための温度
は、120℃である。またフイルムの収縮率とは、
フイルムの機械方向(MD)及び巾方向(TD)
の両者を意味し、ともに上式を満足しなければな
らない。 フイルムの材質としては、ポリエチレンテレフ
タレート樹脂,ポリビニルアルコール,ポリプロ
ピレン,ポリエチレン,ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂,ポ
リブチレンテレフタレート樹脂,ポリカーボネー
ト樹脂,アクリル樹脂,ポリアミド樹脂,その他
の樹脂が挙げられる。 透明導電性の付与として、例えば、酸化インジ
ウムと酸化錫からなる薄膜,酸化錫薄膜,金,
銀,銅,アルミニウム等の金属等の薄膜の積層が
挙げられる。 また、太陽エネルギーのうち、目に見えない熱
線の通過を妨げ、しかし、可視光線は通過させる
光選択透過性の機能性付与として、例えば、金,
銀,銅,アルミニウム,ニツケル,パラジウム,
錫,およびこれらの合金,あるいは混合物の金属
の薄膜、又はこの金属の薄膜の片面、又は両面に
誘電体を積層したものが挙げられる。 誘電体の例としては、チタンの酸化物,ビスマ
スの酸化物,硫化亜鉛,タングステンの酸化物,
インジウムの酸化物,ジルコニウムの酸化物,珪
素の酸化物等が挙げられる。 本発明の積層体は、特に合わせ窓に用いること
により、その効果を発揮するが、必ずしもこれに
限定されない。 合わせ窓の構成は、基本的には、透明板,熱可
塑性樹脂層,透明導電性、又は、光選択透過性積
層体,熱可塑性樹脂層,透明板と順次積層された
ものからなる。 透明板は、無機又は有機の透明な板状物であ
り、無機ガラス,有機ガラスとして知られている
ものが好ましい。 化学的耐久性の点からは、無機ガラスが好まし
い。熱可塑性樹脂とは、透明板に適切な接着力を
有し、透明性良好で、積層体加工温度で、充分な
やわらかさを有するものが良く、例えば、ポリビ
ニルブチラール樹脂,SBR,NBR,ネオプレ
ン,ポリイソプレン,ブチルゴム,塩化ゴム,ポ
リイソブチレン,ポリアクリル酸ユーステル,ポ
リ酢酸ビニル,ポリビニルエーテル,ポリ塩化ビ
ニル,ポリエチレンプロピレンコポリマー,ポリ
エステル等が挙げられる。 透明板がガラス板のときは、ポリビニルブチラ
ールが好ましい。 以下、実施例において、本発明を具体的に説明
する。 実施例1及び比較例1 可視光透過率86%の2軸延伸ポリエチレンテレ
フタレートフイルム(膜厚50μm)に、酸化イン
ジウム・酸化錫の被膜を設けた。製膜は、
InO3・SnO2(SnO2は全体の5wt%)のターゲツト
をAr/O2(O2:2%)の混合ガスで2×
10-3Torrの真空下でRFスパツタすることによつ
て、膜厚約500Åのものを得た。 この表面加工されたポリエチレンテレフタレー
トフイルムの120℃での熱収縮率は、MD,TD方
向、それぞれ2.0%,1.8%であつた。 該加工済ポリエチレンテレフタレートフイルム
の両面に厚さ380μmのポリビニルブチラールフイ
ルムをラミネーターで積層した。 該積層体をさらに2枚の厚さ3mmの並ガラス板
ではさみ、オートクレーブ中90℃で約40分間、減
圧処理した。 さらに、オートクレーブ中で、120℃で1.4Kg/
cm2の圧力をかけ、40分間放置した。 その後、圧力を加えたまま、室温まで冷却し
た。合わせガラスの外観は良好で反射像のムラム
ラは、認められなかつた。フイルムの熱収縮率が
MD,TDそれぞれ0.2%,0%のものを使用する
以外は、全く同じ条件で積層された合わせ窓の外
観は不良であつた。 実施例 2 種々の熱収縮率と膜厚を有する透明な2軸延伸
ポリエチレンテレフタレートフイルム上に、厚さ
100Åの酸化チタン膜,厚さ120Åの銀の膜,厚さ
200Åの酸化チタン膜を順次積層してなる、選択
光透過性の機能を有するフイルムを得た。酸化チ
タン膜は、反応制スパツタで設けた。 該フイルムの可視光透過率は79%,近赤外透過
率は41%であつた。 該フイルムの両面にそれぞれ380μmのポリビニ
ルブチラールフイルムを設け、さらに厚さ3mmの
ガラス板で積層し、オートクレーブ中に入れた。 温度90℃で約1時間減圧処理した後、120℃で
約50分間、13Kg/cm2の加圧下に放置し、その後、
室温に戻して圧力を抜き、サンプルを取り出し
た。 フイルムの熱収縮特性を膜厚と合わせガラスの
外観を表―1にまとめて記載した。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a laminate having selective light transmittance or transparent conductivity, and particularly to a laminate having good selective light transmittance or transparent conductivity for laminated windows. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Laminated glass windows are used for transparent openings that require safety, such as windows of automobiles, trains, airplanes, etc., or some building windows. The base structure of a laminated window is such that a thermoplastic resin layer is sandwiched between transparent bodies such as glass plates, but a film is further interposed in order to impart further functionality to the laminated glass. For example, methods have been proposed in which a transparent conductive film is used to prevent condensation, or a film that allows visible light to pass through but does not allow near-infrared rays to pass through, allowing selective transmission of light. There is. However, laminated windows with a film interposed that have a good appearance have a film thickness of approx.
It could not be obtained unless a material with a diameter of 130 μm or more was used. As the thickness of the film is reduced, the transparency of the laminated window is good, but when looking at the reflected image from the surface of the laminated window, fine irregularities appear in the image, making it unsuitable for practical use. It was hot. On the other hand, there is a method in which a thin film is generally applied to the surface of the film in order to give it functionality.
It is often done in a vacuum container, and its processability,
From the viewpoint of productivity (for example, continuous production), the thinner the film, the better. Therefore, suitable for the above-mentioned thin film processing, e.g.
If a laminated window with a good appearance can be manufactured using a film as thin as 25 μm, it will be possible to obtain a laminated window with various functions. The present inventors investigated the characteristics of a good film that can achieve this purpose, and found that by setting the film thickness and heat shrinkage characteristics under certain conditions, a good laminated window with a film interposed was created. The present invention has been achieved based on the discovery that the present invention can be obtained. That is,
The present invention provides a laminate in which a thin film having selective light transmittance or transparent conductivity is laminated on a transparent film. This laminate is characterized by using a film whose heat shrinkage rate E (%) in both directions satisfies the following formula: E≧−0.006×d+0.75 d≦125. The film used in the present invention satisfies the above formula, and more preferably satisfies the following formula: 10≧E≧−0.006×d+0.75 125≧d≧10. More preferably 100≧d≧10, particularly preferably 80≧d≧10. From the viewpoint of cost reduction of the film or productivity when imparting functionality, it is preferable that the film has a smaller thickness. Further, from the viewpoint of ensuring safety in the event of a collision, it is not preferable that the film thickness is too large because it makes it difficult to absorb energy. The heat shrinkage rate E of the film in the present invention is as follows. Cut out a 30cm x 30cm test film, make 5 marks on each side 2.5cm from each side,
Heat-treat in a free state for 30 minutes in a hot air dryer at a specified temperature. The distance between the marks on opposite sides after heat treatment is L
(cm), the thermal contraction rate E (%) is given by E=25-L/25×100. The temperature for defining heat shrinkage rate is 120°C. Also, the shrinkage rate of the film is
Film machine direction (MD) and width direction (TD)
Both must satisfy the above formula. Examples of the material of the film include polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, and other resins. For imparting transparent conductivity, for example, a thin film made of indium oxide and tin oxide, a thin film of tin oxide, gold,
Examples include lamination of thin films of metals such as silver, copper, and aluminum. In addition, among solar energy, gold,
silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, palladium,
Examples include thin films of metals such as tin, alloys or mixtures thereof, and thin films of these metals with dielectrics laminated on one or both sides. Examples of dielectrics include titanium oxide, bismuth oxide, zinc sulfide, tungsten oxide,
Examples include indium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, and the like. The laminate of the present invention exhibits its effects particularly when used in laminated windows, but is not necessarily limited thereto. The structure of the laminated window basically consists of a transparent plate, a thermoplastic resin layer, a transparent conductive or selectively transparent laminate, a thermoplastic resin layer, and a transparent plate laminated in this order. The transparent plate is an inorganic or organic transparent plate-like material, and preferred is what is known as inorganic glass or organic glass. In terms of chemical durability, inorganic glass is preferred. The thermoplastic resin is preferably one that has appropriate adhesive strength to the transparent plate, good transparency, and sufficient softness at the laminate processing temperature, such as polyvinyl butyral resin, SBR, NBR, neoprene, Examples include polyisoprene, butyl rubber, chlorinated rubber, polyisobutylene, polyacrylic acid euster, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene propylene copolymer, polyester, and the like. When the transparent plate is a glass plate, polyvinyl butyral is preferred. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained in Examples. Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 A biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 50 μm) with a visible light transmittance of 86% was coated with an indium oxide/tin oxide film. Film production is
A target of InO 3 /SnO 2 (SnO 2 is 5wt% of the total) was treated 2× with a mixed gas of Ar/O 2 (O 2 : 2%).
A film with a thickness of about 500 Å was obtained by RF sputtering under a vacuum of 10 -3 Torr. The heat shrinkage rate of this surface-treated polyethylene terephthalate film at 120°C was 2.0% and 1.8% in the MD and TD directions, respectively. A 380 μm thick polyvinyl butyral film was laminated on both sides of the processed polyethylene terephthalate film using a laminator. The laminate was further sandwiched between two 3 mm thick ordinary glass plates and subjected to reduced pressure treatment at 90° C. for about 40 minutes in an autoclave. Furthermore, in an autoclave at 120℃, 1.4Kg/
A pressure of cm 2 was applied and left for 40 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to room temperature while keeping the pressure applied. The appearance of the laminated glass was good, and no unevenness in the reflected image was observed. The heat shrinkage rate of the film is
The appearance of laminated windows laminated under exactly the same conditions except that 0.2% and 0% MD and TD were used, respectively, was poor in appearance. Example 2 On transparent biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate films with various heat shrinkage rates and film thicknesses,
100 Å titanium oxide film, 120 Å thick silver film, thickness
A film with selective light transmission function was obtained by sequentially stacking 200 Å titanium oxide films. The titanium oxide film was provided by reaction controlled sputtering. The visible light transmittance of the film was 79% and the near infrared transmittance was 41%. A 380 μm polyvinyl butyral film was provided on both sides of the film, which was further laminated with a 3 mm thick glass plate, and placed in an autoclave. After being subjected to reduced pressure treatment at a temperature of 90℃ for about 1 hour, it was left under a pressure of 13Kg/cm 2 at 120℃ for about 50 minutes, and then,
The temperature was returned to room temperature, the pressure was released, and the sample was taken out. Table 1 summarizes the heat shrinkage characteristics of the film, its thickness, and the appearance of the laminated glass. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 透明なフイルム上に、選択光透過性又は透明
導電性機能を有する薄膜を積層してなる積層体に
おいて、該積層体のフイルムとしてフイルムの膜
厚d(μm)とMD,TD両方向の熱収縮率E(%)
が以下の式 E≧−0.006×d+0.75 d≦125 を満足するフイルムを用いることを特徴とする積
層体。
[Scope of Claims] 1. In a laminate formed by laminating a thin film having a selective light transmittance or a transparent conductive function on a transparent film, the thickness d (μm) and MD of the film of the laminate are , Heat shrinkage rate E (%) in both TD directions
A laminate characterized in that it uses a film that satisfies the following formula: E≧−0.006×d+0.75 d≦125.
JP56165605A 1981-10-19 1981-10-19 Laminate Granted JPS5867441A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56165605A JPS5867441A (en) 1981-10-19 1981-10-19 Laminate
DE8282305523T DE3271844D1 (en) 1981-10-19 1982-10-18 Selectively light transmitting film and preformed laminar structure
EP19820305523 EP0077672B1 (en) 1981-10-19 1982-10-18 Selectively light transmitting film and preformed laminar structure
US06/435,184 US4465736A (en) 1981-10-19 1982-10-19 Selectively light transmitting film and preformed laminar structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56165605A JPS5867441A (en) 1981-10-19 1981-10-19 Laminate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5867441A JPS5867441A (en) 1983-04-22
JPS644911B2 true JPS644911B2 (en) 1989-01-27

Family

ID=15815525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56165605A Granted JPS5867441A (en) 1981-10-19 1981-10-19 Laminate

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5867441A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5981161A (en) * 1982-11-01 1984-05-10 帝人株式会社 Selective light transmitting film
JPS59201494A (en) * 1983-04-28 1984-11-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Transparent electromagnetic shielding member
JPS60225747A (en) * 1984-04-25 1985-11-11 帝人株式会社 Functional film
WO2011078137A1 (en) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 旭硝子株式会社 Laminated glass, and method for producing same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54120688A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-09-19 Teijin Ltd Laminate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5867441A (en) 1983-04-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4465736A (en) Selectively light transmitting film and preformed laminar structure
EP2988930B1 (en) Laminated glazing
JP5318113B2 (en) Electromagnetic radiation shielding device
CN1090559C (en) Method for producing laminated glass pane and substrate for manufacturing and application thereof
EP0303586A2 (en) Electrically heated laminated window
WO2014174310A1 (en) Laminated glazing
JP2865768B2 (en) Method for producing laminated safety glass comprising a plurality of layers, laminated safety glass produced by this method, and apparatus for implementing this method
JPH04234643A (en) Manufacture of safety glass with laminate structure
JP3352488B2 (en) Selective light transmission film for laminated glass and laminated glass
JPS644911B2 (en)
US5238743A (en) Thermoplastic sheet produced by multiple stretching steps at different temperatures
JPS5981161A (en) Selective light transmitting film
JPS60225747A (en) Functional film
JPS5867453A (en) Manufacture of clad window
JPS625849A (en) Functional film
CN214563507U (en) Laminated coated glass with same color on front and back surfaces
JPH02208630A (en) Light control laminate
JPH0337502B2 (en)
CN108349220B (en) Method for Laminating Composite Panels
JP3095500B2 (en) Laminated glass
JPH07157344A (en) Laminated glass
JPS63147844A (en) Laminate
JPS6311304B2 (en)
JPH06191906A (en) Laminated glass
JPS5867452A (en) Clad window