JPS645305B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 1. Technical Field of the Invention The present invention performs simulated calculations similar to those in an actual plant in response to the operations of an operator undergoing plant operation training or the operations of an instructor from an instructor console, and displays the results. This invention relates to a plant simulator that displays and outputs plant status signals to various lamp indicators on a simulating control panel.

2. Prior Art Figure 1 shows the schematic configuration of a conventional plant simulator.The simulated control panel 1 is the same type and has the same functions as the control panel of the actual plant. The status of the plant can be grasped using the various lamps and indicators above. The operation signal Ut from the simulated control panel 1 operated by the trainee is read into the arithmetic and control unit 3 via the input device 2 as a contact/analog quantity. Based on the operation signal Ut and the previous plant state signal C _t-1 stored in the storage device 4, this arithmetic and control device 3 generates a plant state drive signal Dt so as to perform the same behavior as the actual plant.
The system is comprised of a control device simulating section 31 that generates a signal Ct, and a plant characteristic simulation calculating section 32 that generates a plant status signal Ct that simulates the dynamic characteristics of the plant. Then, this plant status signal Ct is displayed and outputted to various lamps, indicators, etc. on the simulated control panel 1 as a plant status display signal At via the output device 5. In addition, the instructor's operations received via the instructor console 6 are read as control information It from the input device 2 to the arithmetic and control device 3, and execution of simulation operations is started or stopped, or an abnormal state of the plant is simulated.

The above configuration makes it possible to simulate a plant.
However, the conventional device described above is not provided with a function to reduce or enlarge the time axis of the simulated plant operation at this time.

As a result, there were problems in which training could not be carried out efficiently, such as plant conditions that were not very meaningful for training purposes to be simulated for long periods of time, and plant conditions to be simulated for training purposes to change rapidly.

In order to eliminate such defects in the plant simulator, the plant response time to operator operations should be set to 1/N times the actual plant response time, or
It is possible to have a time axis reduction/enlargement function that increases the time axis by N times. A function that reproduces plant status transitions on a simulated operation panel) enables skipping during use, improving efficiency by speeding up operation training, and expanding the time axis allows for accurate detailed operations. It can be used for training, steady understanding of plant status, and analysis of minute parts when using the replay function.

Furthermore, when scaling down the time axis, for example, considering a 1/N reduction simulation of the time axis, the calculation part with the PID element in the control device simulation unit 31 and the plant characteristic simulation calculation unit 32 perform processing. There are two methods: either shorten the period ΔT by 1/N times, or use the modified calculation period ΔT=N・Δt obtained by using the processing period ΔT and multiplying the pair calculation period Δt by N times. Conceivable. but,
It is extremely difficult to reduce the processing period ΔT to 1/N in terms of the calculation processing capacity of the hardware, and it is considered more effective to use a modified calculation period N·Δt that is N times the paired calculation period Δt.

However, the physical models and control models of the calculation units with PID elements in the plant characteristic simulation calculation unit 32 and the control device simulation unit 31 usually have various time constants and integration constants ranging from several seconds to several tens of minutes. . Therefore, according to the time axis reduction method using the modified calculation period N・Δt, the stability of the system is impaired due to the magnitude relationship with these time constants and integral constants, making the plant simulation unstable, and in real-time operation. Something that has been functioning normally now becomes abnormal, causing problems in driving training.

For example, the integral calculation is the following equation (1): Y _o = Y _o-1 + Δt/TX _o ...(1) (where, Y _o : current output value, Y _o-1 : previous output value, X _o : input value, T: integral constant, Δt: calculation period), but as shown in Figure 2a, the integral value obtained in real-time processing is modified by multiplying the calculation constant by 4 as shown in Figure 2b. When the time axis is reduced to 1/4 using the period, Y _o '=0, no integral value is obtained at all, and no control signal is applied to the plant characteristic simulation calculation section 32. Furthermore, if we consider a correction operation in which the input value X _o is kept constant and the integral value exceeds the limit value L, it is pulled back within the limit range as shown in Fig. 3. In real-time processing, the minute control signal ΔY _o , Part 4 when reducing the time axis by 1/4
The control signal ΔY _o ' doubles, and as a result of the correction action added by such a large control signal,
Plant simulation may become unstable.

3. Purpose of the Invention In view of the above points, the present invention makes it possible to reduce and expand the time axis in a plant simulator, and further eliminates the instability of the plant simulation operation when the time axis is reduced. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant simulator that eliminates the differences between the two and enables efficient training.

4. Structure of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the present invention uses a modified calculation period N·Δt obtained by multiplying the pair calculation period Δt of a physical model or control model representing plant characteristics by N times when the time axis is reduced. The present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a time axis management device that executes a plant simulation operation and limits the correction calculation period N·Δt according to various time constants of the model, that is, the fluctuation period of the model.

5 Embodiments of the Invention The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

(a) Configuration FIG. 4 shows a plant simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and 7 indicates a time axis management device. It is.

As shown in FIG. 5, this time axis management device 7 includes a reduction ratio setting section 71 that sets a reduction ratio N during time axis reduction simulation, a multiplication section 72 that generates a time axis reduction sampling time signal b, and each model. A limit value setting unit 73 that sets the maximum calculation period at which the model operates stably for each, compares the time axis reduction sampling time signal b and its limit value f,
If it is bf, it consists of a comparison unit 74 that switches the contact S3 to the illustrated state, and contacts S1 and S2 that are switched to the illustrated state by the time axis reduction simulation switching signal d, which act independently on each physical model and control model, and For those that do not perform time axis reduction, real-time processing is performed and the system is configured to be able to run without restrictions.

Further, the reduction ratio N of the reduction ratio setting section 71 can be changed by, for example, a time axis reduction command signal e inputted via the instructor console 6 by the instructor's operation. On the other hand, each limit value f of the limit value setting unit 73 is set and stored in advance by performing a plant simulation operation while changing the reduction ratio N, and as a result, determining the maximum calculation cycle at which each model can operate stably. put.

(b) Effect With the above configuration, the time axis management device 7 operates as shown in FIG. 6, and a plant simulation is performed. That is, when real-time processing is to be performed by the instructor's operation, contacts S1 and S2 are switched to the opposite positions as shown in the figure, and the calculation period signal a is directly applied to the calculation control device 3 as the signal C, and is processed at the normal calculation period. A plant simulation similar to the conventional one will be performed.

On the other hand, when performing a time axis reduction simulation, the instructor uses the time axis reduction simulation switching signal d to
While switching S1 and S2 to the illustrated state, the reduction ratio N of the reduction ratio setting section 71 is selected and set by the time axis reduction command signal e. As a result, the multiplier 72 generates a reduced time axis sampling time signal b=N·a, which is compared with the limit value f set by the limit value setting unit 73 in the comparator 74 . As a result, if b<f, let b be the modified calculation cycle signal C,
Moreover, if it is bf, f is added to the arithmetic and control unit 3 as a modified arithmetic cycle signal C. At this time, the actual processing cycle performed by the arithmetic and control unit 3 is determined by the hardware and is constant, but the sampling cycle of the processed data, for example, the plant status signal Ct is processed at a cycle C _Nt that is N times that of the sampling cycle. Plant simulation is performed N times faster.

(c) Effects In this way, by performing time axis reduction simulation on each model, it is possible to speed up plant simulation and to achieve efficient plant simulation with model stability.

For example, when considering a thermal power plant, real-time processing such as boiler heating, pressurization, and condenser vacuum raising takes a considerable amount of time, and no significant changes are observed, so training is particularly important. But not,
Regarding the arithmetic and control unit model that simulates these, implementing time axis reduction simulation will lead to faster training.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the time axis reduction simulation was explained, but the time axis expansion simulation is, for example,
This can be easily implemented by increasing the actual processing cycle in the arithmetic and control unit 3 by N times.

6 Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the function of reducing and enlarging the time axis of plant simulation operations, and at the same time,
Unstable elements that occur when the time axis is reduced can be removed, and a plant simulator that can be used over a wide range of applications, particularly suitable for operation training, can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional plant simulation device, Figures 2a, b, and 3 are explanatory diagrams for explaining problems that occur during time axis reduction simulation, and Figure 4 is an implementation of the present invention. A configuration diagram of the plant simulation device according to the example, FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of the time axis management device, and FIG. 6 is a detailed diagram of the time axis management device.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the time axis management operation. 1... Simulation control panel, 2... Input device, 3... Arithmetic control device, 4... Storage device, 5... Output device,
6...Instructor console, 7...Time axis management device, 31...Control device simulation section, 32...Plant characteristic simulation calculation section, 71...Reduction ratio setting section, 72...
. . . Multiplication section, 73 . . . Limit value setting section, 74 . . . Comparison section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A simulated control panel operated by an operator trainee, an instructor console operated by a training instructor to control the plant simulation, an input device for inputting operation signals of the simulated control panel and the instructor console, and an input device from the input device. an arithmetic and control device that inputs information and uses various models to simulate the functions of the plant control device and simulate the physical characteristics of the plant;
A plant simulation comprising: an output device that receives necessary information from the arithmetic and control device and displays and outputs the information to the simulated control panel and instructor console; and a storage device that stores information of the arithmetic and control device as necessary. The apparatus includes at least a reduction ratio setting section that sets a time axis reduction ratio, a multiplication section that outputs an operation cycle signal of the set reduction ratio, and a limit in which each maximum operation cycle corresponding to the various models is stored in advance. a value setting section, and a pair calculation period of each of the simulated calculations processed by the calculation control device by outputting a calculation period signal equal to or less than the maximum calculation period set in the limit value setting portion to the calculation control device. In addition to reducing the time axis by multiplying by N, a time axis management device is provided that limits the maximum calculation cycle at that time according to the characteristics of the various models, thereby making it possible to reduce or expand the time axis of the simulated plant operation. Features of plant simulation equipment.