JPS646797B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS646797B2 JPS646797B2 JP56082257A JP8225781A JPS646797B2 JP S646797 B2 JPS646797 B2 JP S646797B2 JP 56082257 A JP56082257 A JP 56082257A JP 8225781 A JP8225781 A JP 8225781A JP S646797 B2 JPS646797 B2 JP S646797B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- concentration
- gas mask
- layer height
- palladium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101100269850 Caenorhabditis elegans mask-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は有毒なガスや粉塵の吸入による疾病か
ら人体を保護する防毒マスクに関するものであ
り、特に一酸化炭素（以下COと記す）の除去に
関してその効果を最も発揮し、水分の存在する室
温でも低濃度から高濃度までのCOを酸化して除
去する防毒マスクを提供するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a gas mask that protects the human body from diseases caused by inhalation of toxic gases and dust, and is particularly effective in removing carbon monoxide (hereinafter referred to as CO). The present invention provides a gas mask that oxidizes and removes CO from low to high concentrations even at room temperature in the presence of moisture.
一酸化炭素用防毒マスクは、炭鉱・鉱山などの
坑内における火災・爆発によつて発生した高濃度
のCOが充満している箇所を突破・脱出する際に
着用するものであり、一酸化炭素酸化触媒として
ホプカライト触媒が用いられていた。ホプカライ
ト触媒は室温においてCOをCO2へ一次反応式に
て酸化するため高濃度のCOを高性能でCO2へ酸
化する長所があるが、水分によつて酸化能力が低
下する欠点があるため、ホプカライト触媒を用い
た一酸化炭素用防毒マスクは長時間使用できなか
つた。 Carbon monoxide gas masks are worn when breaking through and escaping from areas filled with high concentrations of CO caused by fires and explosions in coal mines and mines. A hopcalite catalyst was used as a catalyst. Hopcalite catalysts oxidize CO to CO 2 at room temperature using a first-order reaction formula, so they have the advantage of oxidizing high concentrations of CO to CO 2 with high performance, but they have the disadvantage that their oxidation ability decreases due to moisture. Carbon monoxide gas masks using hopcalite catalysts could not be used for long periods of time.
発明者等は以前に一酸化炭素用防毒マスクを考
えたが、低濃度のCO雰囲気下で使用することを
対象としたものであり、高濃度のCO雰囲気下で
は一酸化炭素酸化触媒として使用している触媒の
特性より満足な酸化能力が得られない不都合があ
つた。 The inventors had previously considered a gas mask for carbon monoxide, but it was intended for use in a low-concentration CO atmosphere, and could not be used as a carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst in a high-concentration CO atmosphere. However, due to the characteristics of the catalyst, a satisfactory oxidation ability could not be obtained.
本発明は従来の一酸化炭素用防毒マスクのかか
る欠点を補い、高濃度のCOを含んだ湿り空気中
でも、経時変化がなく安定してCOを酸化する防
毒マスクを提供するものである。 The present invention compensates for these drawbacks of conventional gas masks for carbon monoxide, and provides a gas mask that oxidizes CO stably without changing over time, even in humid air containing a high concentration of CO.
以下、本発明の一実施例の構成について説明す
る。 The configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
第１図は防毒マスクの断面図である。１は防毒
マスク、２は触媒（）、３は触媒（）、４は
COを含んだ空気、５は呼吸部、６は頭部締めひ
もである。 FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the gas mask. 1 is a gas mask, 2 is a catalyst (), 3 is a catalyst (), 4 is a
Air containing CO, 5 is the breathing part, and 6 is the head strap.
防毒マスク１の呼吸するための空気流路に触媒
（）２は前流に、触媒（）３は後流に設けら
れ、触媒（）の層高を触媒（）の層高より大
とした。人の呼吸によつて吸引されたCOを含む
空気４は、触媒（）２と触媒（）３に接触す
ることによつてCOがCO2へ酸化され、浄化され
た空気となる。人は口・鼻を呼吸部５に当てるこ
とによつて、COを多量に含まない浄化された空
気を吸うことが出来る。防毒マスク１は頭部締め
ひも６によつて人の口・鼻に固定される。 A catalyst ( ) 2 was provided in the front stream and a catalyst ( ) 3 was provided in the rear stream of the breathing air flow path of the gas mask 1, and the layer height of the catalyst () was made larger than the layer height of the catalyst (). Air 4 containing CO, which is inhaled by human breathing, comes into contact with catalyst (2) and catalyst (2) 3, whereby CO is oxidized to CO 2 and becomes purified air. A person can inhale purified air that does not contain a large amount of CO by touching the breathing part 5 with the mouth and nose. The gas mask 1 is fixed to a person's mouth and nose by a head strap 6.
上記触媒（）２はホプカライト触媒である。
また上記触媒（）３は、アルカリとセメント材
と粉末活性炭の混練成型物に、ルテニウム、ロジ
ウム、白金の群から選択した１種以上とパラジウ
ムを同時に、もしくはパラジウムのみを担持させ
た触媒である。 The catalyst (2) is a hopcalite catalyst.
Further, the above catalyst (3) is a catalyst in which one or more selected from the group of ruthenium, rhodium, and platinum and palladium are supported simultaneously or only palladium is supported on a kneaded molded product of alkali, cement material, and powdered activated carbon.
以下、実施例にもとづいてその効果を説明す
る。 The effects will be explained below based on examples.
触媒（）は、MnO2：CuO＝60：40（wt％）
のホプカライト触媒を用いた。触媒は硝酸マンガ
ンと硫酸銅の混合水溶液にアンモニア水を滴下し
て得た水酸化物を水洗し、乾燥・焼成（300℃で
2h）する調製手順で得たものである。 Catalyst () is MnO 2 :CuO=60:40 (wt%)
A hopcalite catalyst was used. The catalyst is made by dropping ammonia water into a mixed aqueous solution of manganese nitrate and copper sulfate, washing the hydroxide with water, drying and calcining it (at 300℃).
2h).
触媒（）は、アルカリとして炭酸カリウム、
セメント材としてアルミン酸石灰を用い、炭酸カ
リウム：粉末活性炭：アルミン酸石灰＝10：30：
60（wt％）の組成の混練成型物に、白金とパラジ
ウムを各0.3wt％ずつ同時に担持したものを用い
た。 Catalyst () is potassium carbonate as alkali,
Using lime aluminate as the cement material, potassium carbonate: powdered activated carbon: lime aluminate = 10:30:
A kneaded molded product having a composition of 60 (wt%) and simultaneously supporting 0.3 wt% each of platinum and palladium was used.
白金とパラジウムの担持は、塩化パラジウムと
塩化白金酸を溶解させた溶液に前記組成の混練成
型物を浸漬し、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムによつて
還元する操作手順によつて行つた。触媒は、白
金・パラジウムを担持した後、水洗・乾燥するこ
とによつて得られる。 Platinum and palladium were supported by an operation procedure in which a kneaded molded product having the above composition was immersed in a solution in which palladium chloride and chloroplatinic acid were dissolved, and the mixture was reduced with sodium borohydride. The catalyst is obtained by supporting platinum and palladium, followed by washing with water and drying.
防毒マスクの効果は、流通系反応装置を用いて
評価した。内径16mmの反応管に触媒を充填し、
2000ppmのCOを含んだ空気を10／minの流量
で流し、触媒通過後のCO濃度を測定してCO転換
率を求めている。なお、このCO酸化反応は20℃、
相対湿度50％の条件で行つた。 The effectiveness of the gas mask was evaluated using a flow reactor. Fill a reaction tube with an inner diameter of 16 mm with catalyst,
Air containing 2000 ppm of CO is flowed at a flow rate of 10/min, and the CO concentration after passing through the catalyst is measured to determine the CO conversion rate. Note that this CO oxidation reaction takes place at 20°C.
The test was conducted at a relative humidity of 50%.
第２図は触媒層高25mmにおける触媒（）、触
媒（）のCO転換特性である。触媒（）は空
気中の水分によつて触媒表面が被われているため
活性が低下し、時間とともにCO転換率が低くな
つてくる。触媒（）は水分によつて活性が低下
せず、時間が経過しても初期値を維持している。 Figure 2 shows the CO conversion characteristics of catalyst () and catalyst () at a catalyst layer height of 25 mm. Since the catalyst surface is covered with moisture in the air, its activity decreases and the CO conversion rate decreases over time. The activity of the catalyst () does not decrease due to moisture and maintains its initial value over time.
第３図は、触媒層高75mmにおける触媒（）単
独、触媒（）単独ならびに本発明にかかわる触
媒（）と触媒（）を組合わせた場合のCO転
換特性である。本発明は触媒（）を触媒層高50
mmで前流に触媒（）を触媒層高25mmで後流に配
置しており、同一層高の単独触媒（）および触
媒（）より優れたCO転換特性を示す。この理
由は触媒（）がCOの濃度に関係なく同一の転
換特性を示す酸化反応形態であることと、触媒
（）が低濃度になるほど高いCO転換特性を示す
酸化反応形態であることに起因する。そのため触
媒（）を前流に配置すると後流に配置した触媒
（）へのCO流入濃度が低下し、それにともない
触媒（）のCO転換特性が単独使用の場合より
向上する効果が生じる。またこのCO転換率向上
の効果は触媒（）の層高が高いほど低濃度の
COが触媒（）へ流入するため、一層向上する。
このため触媒（）の層高を触媒（）の層高よ
り大きくする構成が優れたCO転換特性を示すこ
とになる。 FIG. 3 shows the CO conversion characteristics of catalyst () alone, catalyst () alone, and a combination of catalyst () and catalyst () according to the present invention at a catalyst layer height of 75 mm. The present invention uses a catalyst () with a catalyst layer height of 50
The catalyst () is placed in the upstream with a catalyst layer height of 25 mm and the catalyst () is placed in the downstream with a catalyst bed height of 25 mm, exhibiting better CO conversion characteristics than a single catalyst () and a catalyst () with the same bed height. The reason for this is that the catalyst () is an oxidation reaction form that exhibits the same conversion characteristics regardless of the CO concentration, and the catalyst () is an oxidation reaction form that exhibits higher CO conversion characteristics as the concentration decreases. . Therefore, when the catalyst () is placed in the upstream, the concentration of CO flowing into the catalyst () placed in the downstream decreases, and this has the effect of improving the CO conversion characteristics of the catalyst () compared to when it is used alone. In addition, the effect of improving the CO conversion rate is that the higher the layer height of the catalyst (), the lower the concentration.
Since CO flows into the catalyst (), it is further improved.
For this reason, a configuration in which the layer height of the catalyst () is larger than the layer height of the catalyst () exhibits excellent CO conversion characteristics.
また、水分の存在下でのCOを長時間安定して
高性能に除去する。これは、前流に設けた触媒
（）によつて低濃度のCOが触媒（）に流入
し、それにともなつて触媒（）のCO除去特性
がアツプすることに起因する。この除去特性のア
ツプは触媒（）の層高が厚いほど低濃度のCO
が触媒（）に流入して特性のアツプとなる。し
たがつて水分による除去特性の低下は一層少なく
なる。さらに高濃度で高性能にCOを除去する触
媒（）と、低濃度で高性能にCOを除去する触
媒（）を併用することにより低濃度から高濃度
までその濃度に関係なくCOが高性能に除去でき
る。 It also removes CO in the presence of moisture stably for a long time and with high performance. This is due to the fact that a low concentration of CO flows into the catalyst (2) provided upstream, and the CO removal properties of the catalyst (2) increase accordingly. This removal characteristic increases as the layer height of the catalyst () increases, resulting in a lower concentration of CO2.
flows into the catalyst () and its properties increase. Therefore, the deterioration of the removal properties due to moisture is further reduced. Furthermore, by using a catalyst that removes CO with high performance at high concentration () and a catalyst that removes CO with high performance at low concentration (), CO can be removed with high performance regardless of the concentration from low to high concentration. Can be removed.
本発明により、水分の多い雰囲気下でも高濃度
のCOを室温で長時間安定して酸化するので、人
は浄化された空気を吸うことができる。また、使
用する触媒の量も低減できるので軽量となり、着
用しやすくなる。寿命に関しても、水分による性
能劣下が少ないので長時間使用でき、頻繁に交換
する必要がない、緊急の場合などに長時間浄化さ
れた空気を吸引できる等の利点がある。 The present invention oxidizes highly concentrated CO stably at room temperature for a long time even in a humid atmosphere, allowing people to breathe purified air. Additionally, the amount of catalyst used can be reduced, making it lighter and easier to wear. In terms of lifespan, it has the advantage that it can be used for a long time because there is little deterioration in performance due to moisture, there is no need to replace it frequently, and purified air can be sucked for a long time in emergencies.
第１図は本発明の一実施例における防毒マスク
の断面図、第２図は触媒（）・（）のCO酸化
特性図、第３図は触媒（）と触媒（）から成
る触媒層のCO酸化特性図である。
１……防毒マスク、２……触媒（）、３……
触媒（）。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a gas mask according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a CO oxidation characteristic diagram of the catalyst () and (), and Fig. 3 is a CO oxidation characteristic diagram of the catalyst () and the catalyst layer consisting of the catalyst (). It is an oxidation characteristic diagram. 1... Gas mask, 2... Catalyst (), 3...
catalyst().
Claims (1)
媒（）、後流に、炭酸カリウム：粉末活性炭：
アルミン酸石灰＝10：30：60（wt％）の組成の混
練成型物に白金とパラジウムを同時に担持させた
触媒（）を設け、触媒（）の層高を触媒
（）の層高より大としたことを特徴とする防毒
マスク。[Claims] 1. Hopcalite catalyst (MnO 2 :CuO = 60:40 (wt%)) in the upstream of the air flow path for breathing, potassium carbonate: powdered activated carbon in the downstream:
A catalyst () on which platinum and palladium were simultaneously supported was provided in a kneaded molded product with a composition of lime aluminate = 10:30:60 (wt%), and the layer height of the catalyst () was larger than that of the catalyst (). A gas mask that is characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56082257A JPS57195475A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Gas mask |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56082257A JPS57195475A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Gas mask |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57195475A JPS57195475A (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| JPS646797B2 true JPS646797B2 (en) | 1989-02-06 |
Family
ID=13769390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56082257A Granted JPS57195475A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Gas mask |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57195475A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS612877A (en) * | 1984-06-16 | 1986-01-08 | 株式会社フジクラ | Gas mask |
| JPS6171068A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-04-11 | デ−タイ−スト株式会社 | Smoke preventing gas mask |
| DE3507486C2 (en) * | 1985-03-02 | 1987-01-02 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Carbon monoxide breathing air filter |
| WO2004083072A1 (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 2004-09-30 | Takeo Kumada | Dispenser for paste-like substance and method of pushing out paste-like substance |
| GB2282329A (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-04-05 | Coal Ind | Respiratory protective equipment |
| CN116585976B (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-12-05 | 湖北嘉裕生物技术有限公司 | Granulation and polishing integrated machine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4222638Y1 (en) * | 1965-11-25 | 1967-12-22 | ||
| JPS5858103B2 (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1983-12-23 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | carbon monoxide gas mask |
| JPS5560471U (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-24 |
-
1981
- 1981-05-28 JP JP56082257A patent/JPS57195475A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57195475A (en) | 1982-12-01 |
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