JPS649056B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a bag-breaking machine, and more specifically, a bag-breaking machine that breaks garbage bags and the like by being thrown into the machine by a weight that swings within a rotating drum. Regarding machines. This is used in the field of processing equipment that removes garbage from plastic bags or the like before crushing it, and aims to recycle household garbage that has been packed in bags and collected.

[Prior art]

In order to process household waste, etc., it may be necessary to reduce its volume by applying a crusher. Unlike food waste, such garbage is somewhat larger, and moreover, the collection bags often contain reusable items. Recently, in response to requests for the reuse and recycling of waste products, empty bottles and cans are being collected from plastic bags and other garbage bags. Therefore, workers manually tear open the bag with a knife or the like to remove the garbage, and then sort out what is usable from among the garbage.

Since the work of tearing such bags is not easy, mechanization is desired, and for example, a bag-breaking device for separately collected garbage is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 147161/1983. In this case, a large number of protruding blades are attached to the inner surface of a rotating drum that is slightly inclined in the axial direction, and a dam plate that swings in the rotational direction of the drum is supported within the drum. According to this, the thrown plastic bags, etc. are moved in the rotational direction of the drum by the protruding blades, and when they come into contact with the dam plate, their movement is attempted to be stopped. Plastic bags are torn apart. Since the drum is slightly inclined toward the discharge port, the separated garbage will naturally move.
It is discharged along with torn plastic bags.

However, according to such a bag-breaking device, the dam plates are arranged in the axial direction of the drum, so if the plastic bags moving in the circumferential direction are not held down by the dam plates many times, they will break inside the drum. Even the protruding blade provided cannot sufficiently tear the plastic bag. That is, only the protruding blade has a bag-breaking function, and the dam plate only holds the plastic bag but does not have the function of actively tearing it. In addition, since the dam plate does not have a cross-sectional shape that widens along the circumferential direction of the rotating drum, the time that the plastic bag is caught between the dam plate and the protruding blades on the inner surface of the rotating drum is shortened, and the bag is not exposed to the dam plate. If the bag is moved under the ground, the bag will no longer be torn and the dam plate will often not be able to crush the bag enough. Therefore, problems arise such as it takes time to break the bags and a large number of plastic bags that are not broken remain in the drum. In addition, the movement of trash from broken bags to the discharge port at the end of the drum relies solely on the axial inclination of the rotating drum, which makes it impossible to increase the discharge speed and limits the throughput. There are problems that arise.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to prolong the time spent pushing and crushing plastic bags in a drum and scratching the surface of the bag in order to break the plastic bags. To provide a bag tearing machine capable of quickly and efficiently tearing bags with an extremely simple structure, and also capable of quickly discharging dust inside the torn plastic bags to the outside of a rotating drum. .

[Structure of the invention]

The characteristics of the bag tearing machine of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. A weight 12 having a cross-sectional shape that expands along the direction is swingably supported around a support shaft 10 that extends longitudinally through the rotating drum 2. A plurality of bag-breaking blades 12 are mounted so as to face the inner circumferential surface of the rotating drum 2.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples thereof. FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of the bag tearing machine, in which a rotary drum 2 is rotatably supported by front and rear rollers 1A and 1B, and a load in an inclination direction is supported by a roller (not shown), which is tilted in its axial direction. It is installed. Since the drum 2 is open at its front and rear ends, each end is closed by a front wall 4 and a rear wall 5 which are erected and fixed to a base 3. An input port 4a and a discharge port 5a are opened in each of the walls 4 and 5, and the chute 4
b, 5b are attached. The rotating drum 2 is rotated by a drive means (not shown) in a downwardly inclined state toward the discharge port 5a, and a spiral blade 6 is attached to the inner periphery of the rotating drum 2.

This spiral blade 6 is discontinuous in the circumferential direction, and is provided with a large number of protruding pawls 9 for moving an object to be destroyed, such as a plastic bag 8 containing garbage 7, in the circumferential direction. The interval between the adjacent blades 6, 6 is narrow on the input port side, and wide on the discharge port side, or no blades are provided at all. In the illustrated example, there are two spirals near the weight 12, which will be described later.
Plastic bags 8, etc. that have not been torn are removed by the blade 6.
It is designed to be placed on top. Note that the trash 7 that has been torn and taken out and the damaged plastic bag fit into the spiral groove 6a formed between the adjacent blades 6, so that the tearing of the next plastic bag 8 is not hindered, and the drum 2, they are sequentially moved toward the discharge port 5a. As mentioned above, the spiral blade 6 is discontinuous, and as shown in FIG. 1, at the discontinuous part 6b located below the drum due to rotation, the garbage 7 passes there by its own weight. Then, it moves to the adjacent spiral groove 6a, and its movement within the drum toward the discharge port 5a is accelerated.

Inside such a rotating drum 2, there is a central axis 2.
A support shaft 10 is provided that runs vertically downward from point a, and also passes through the front wall 4 and rear wall 5 shown in FIG. has been done. A weight 12 having a cross-sectional shape extending along the circumferential direction of the rotating drum 2 is fixed to the support shaft 10 so as to be swingable about the support shaft 10. This weight 1
A plurality of bag-breaking blades 13 are attached to the outer circumferential surface 12a of the rotary drum 2 along the circumferential direction so as to face the inner circumferential surface of the rotary drum 2. In this example, the cross-sectional shape of the weight 12 is approximately fan-shaped, but even if other shapes are adopted, the area for pressing and crushing the plastic bag 8 against the protruding blade 9 on the helical blade 6 will be the same as described above. It is sufficient if it is wider in the circumferential direction than the dam plate, etc. Incidentally, since the support shaft 10 is located below the central axis 2a of the rotating drum 2, the distance between the weight 12 and the blade 6 gradually narrows, making it easier for the plastic bag 8 to enter. Weight 12
When the plastic bag 8 is inserted between the blade 6 and the weight 12 rotates together with the rotating drum 2,
The distance between the weight 12 and the inner end 6c of the blade becomes wide as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. That is, when the plastic bag 8 rises too high, the contact force with the weight 12 is weakened, and the weight 12 is swung back forcefully under its own weight. It acts by tearing off the top of the. Note that if the bag tearing blade 13 is also arranged in the axial direction of the weight 12 as shown in FIG.
can be broken at once. Furthermore, the shape may be a sharp one or a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. Further, they may be attached radially from the support shaft 10 of the weight 12, but if they are tilted in the rotation direction 2A of the rotating drum 2 as shown in FIG. This is convenient because it does not involve things like this. By the way, one side 12b of the weight 12 is flat because when a hard object other than the plastic bag 8, such as a vacuum cleaner, approaches, the weight 12 swings and the side 12b faces downward. This is a consideration in order to prevent damage or deformation of the blade by passing them between the blade and the spiral blade 6.

According to the embodiment having such a configuration, the plastic bag 8 can be easily broken using the bag breaking blade 13 in the following manner, and the garbage 7 can be quickly moved within the drum 2.

When the plastic bags 8 containing the garbage 7 are sequentially introduced from the input port 4a, they are moved in the circumferential direction by the protruding pawls 9 attached to the spiral blade 6 as the rotary drum 2 rotates. The weight 12 is attached to the support shaft 10 regardless of the rotation of the rotating drum 2.
When the plastic bag 8 reaches there, it will be sandwiched between the bag-breaking blade 13 on the outer periphery of the weight 12 and the spiral blade 6, and the contact force will cause the bag to hang down. The weight 12 rotates in the rotation direction 2A of the rotating drum 2. The plastic bag 8 is moved to be further lifted by the protruding claw 9,
When the distance between the bag-breaking blade 13 and the spiral blade 6 becomes wider and the contact force weakens, the weight 12 is suddenly swung back by its own weight. At this time, a plurality of bag tearing blades 13 attached to the outer circumferential surface 12a of the weight 12 rub against the top of the plastic bag 8 to tear it. If the line connecting the tips of the bag-breaking blades 13 has an arc shape that bulges in the same direction as the rotating drum 2, the time that the plastic bags 8 are broken becomes longer and
Most of the plastic bags 8 are torn by repeated shaking.

The garbage 7 is taken out from the torn plastic bag 8 and fits into the spiral groove 6a. Therefore, when the next plastic bag 8 reaches the weight 12, the same operation is repeated and the garbage 7 is sequentially moved along the spiral blade 6 toward the discharge port 5a. The width of the spiral groove 6a is narrowed around the weight 12 because it is necessary to place the plastic bag 8 thereon as described above, but each time the discontinuous part 6b of the blade 6 is below the drum 2, The garbage moves to the adjacent spiral groove under its own weight, and is quickly moved to the discharge port 5a. Please note that reusable items such as fragile empty bottles and empty cans that can be used as scraps,
It is ejected with almost no damage as it only rubs against the arcuate inner surface of the rotating drum 2. Other garbage is sent to a separate crusher to reduce its volume and, if necessary, is incinerated or otherwise disposed of.

In the embodiments described above, intermittent spiral blades are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum, but the blades themselves may be in the form of a large number of rings arranged in the axial direction of the drum. It is only necessary that the garbage can be moved toward the discharge port by the force of the garbage's own weight generated by the inclination of the rotating drum via the discontinuous portion formed therein. It is preferable to provide a protruding edge on the blade because it can help the plastic bag move in the circumferential direction, but it is preferable to use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drum or the frictional force of the blade to move the plastic bag in the circumferential direction. If the blade can be moved in the circumferential direction, the protruding blade may not be provided.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As can be seen from the detailed description of the embodiments above, the present invention provides for
Intermittent blades are installed in the circumferential direction, a weight with a cross-sectional shape that spreads along the circumferential direction of the rotating drum is swingably supported, and a plurality of bag-breaking blades are attached along the outer circumferential surface of the rotary drum. , the time for the weight to press against the plastic bag located between it and the blade becomes longer, and moreover, the bag-breaking blade actively breaks the plastic bag when the weight is swung back. At this time, the contact distance of the bag-breaking blade is long, and biting and tearing are performed more efficiently, and the bag is broken extremely easily, reliably, and quickly. Furthermore, the discontinuous portion of the blade allows the garbage to be transferred to the adjacent groove, making it possible to speed up the discharge of the garbage from the drum and improve the throughput of the bag tearing machine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bag tearing machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a side view of a weight. 2... Rotating drum, 6... Blade, 10...
Support shaft, 12... Weight, 12a... Outer peripheral surface, 13
...Breaking blade.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Blades are attached intermittently in the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of a rotating drum installed at an angle, and a weight having a cross-sectional shape expanding along the circumferential direction of the rotating drum is provided. , is swingably supported around a support shaft that runs longitudinally through the rotating drum, and a plurality of bag-breaking blades are opposed to the inner circumferential surface of the rotating drum along the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the weight. A bag breaking machine characterized by being installed in the following manner.