JPS64910B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a charging generator control device for charging a storage battery with the rectified output of an alternator driven by an internal combustion engine installed in a vehicle or the like.

[Conventional technology]

A conventional charging generator control device of this type is shown in FIG. 1 and will be described. In FIG. 1, an alternating current generator 1 is installed in a vehicle (not shown) and is driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown). This alternator 1 has an armature coil 101 and a field coil 1 connected in a three-phase star shape.
02, and 103 is the armature coil 10.
1, to which a neutral working load (not shown) is connected. 2 is a full-wave rectifier which rectifies the AC output of the alternator 1, and 201 is a full-wave rectifier;
A rectified output end, 202 is a second rectified output end, and 203 is a third rectified output end, which is a grounded end. Reference numeral 3 denotes a voltage regulator, which controls the output voltage of the alternator 1 to a predetermined value by controlling the field current flowing through the field coil 102, and is composed of the following parts.

That is, a diode 301 is connected to both ends of the field coil 102 to absorb intermittent surges generated in the field coil 102. Output transistors 302 and 303 connect the field current of the field coil 102 in and out, and are connected to each other in a Darlington manner. 304
constitutes a base circuit of the transistor 303 with a resistor. A control transistor 305 controls the output transistors 302 and 303 on and off. A zener diode 306 detects the output voltage of the alternator 1 and becomes conductive when it reaches a predetermined value. 307,
308 is a resistor forming a voltage dividing circuit, which connects the second rectified output terminal 202 and the third rectified output terminal 20, respectively.
3, that is, between the positive and negative output terminals, and a is the voltage dividing point of the resistors 307 and 308. Reference numeral 309 denotes an initial excitation resistor (hereinafter referred to as a resistor) for protecting the charging indicator 6 from disconnection, and is connected to the storage battery 4 and the second rectified output terminal 202 via the key switch 5.

The operation of the conventional charging and power generation control device configured as described above will be explained. First, when the key switch 5 is closed when starting the internal combustion engine, the transistor 30 is passed from the storage battery 4 to the key switch 5 and the resistor 304.
Current flows through the bases of transistors 2 and 303, and transistors 302 and 303 conduct. Therefore, from the storage battery 4, the key switch 5, the charging indicator light 6, the resistor 309, the field coil 102, and the transistor 30
A current flows through the field coil 102 through the coils 2 and 303, and a field magnetomotive force is generated. At this time, a current flows through the charging indicator lamp 6, so it lights up to indicate the non-charging state of the storage battery 4.

In this state, when the engine starts and the alternator 1 is driven, the armature coil 1
01 to induce AC output. This AC output is full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier 2, and a positive voltage is output to the first rectified output terminal 201 and the second rectified output terminal 202, and a negative voltage is output to the third rectified output terminal 203. When the rotational speed of the engine increases and the voltage at the second rectified output end 202 of the alternator 1 exceeds a predetermined value, the voltage dividing point a
The potential of zener diode 306 and transistor 305 become conductive, and transistors 302 and 302 become conductive.
303 is cut off, reducing the field current. As a result, the output voltage of the alternator 1 decreases, the zener diode 306 becomes non-conductive, the field current increases again, and therefore the output voltage of the alternator 1 increases. In this way, transistors 302, 30
3 quickly repeats conduction and non-conduction to control the output voltage of the alternator 1 to a predetermined value and charge the storage battery 4.

On the other hand, when the second rectified output terminal 202 becomes equal to the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4, the potential at both ends of the charging indicator lamp 6 decreases and goes out, indicating the charging state of the storage battery 4.

Further, at the neutral point 103 of the alternator 1, a first
Since a voltage that is 1/2 of the voltage at the rectifier output terminal 201 and the second rectifier output terminal 202 is generated, this voltage may cause other loads (not shown) installed in the vehicle (for example, a starter to re-enter). prevention relay, etc.).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Conventional charging generator control devices are configured as described above, but in diesel engines that do not require an ignition device and have no electrical load for engine operation, the following problems occur when the storage battery 4 is fully charged. Occasionally, points occurred.

(b) For example, when a vehicle with a diesel engine turns on its headlights when passing through a tunnel during the day, an electrical load is applied to the storage battery 4, and the storage battery is charged by the power generation control of the alternator 1. However, after passing through the tunnel, the headlight is turned off and the electrical load on the storage battery 4 disappears, and if the completely no-load state continues, the AC generator 1
The storage battery 4 is continuously charged with the output of , reaching a fully charged state, and a so-called battery floating phenomenon occurs in which charging current is not accepted. At this time, generator control predetermined value V _G (first predetermined value)
There is a relationship between V _G V _B and the storage battery voltage V _B , and since there is no load on the storage battery 4, it takes several seconds until V _G >V _B due to self-discharge of the storage battery 4.
During this time, the Zener diode 306 and the transistor 305 are conductive, and the transistor 302 and
303 is cut off, so no field current flows. Therefore, the armature coil 101 of the alternator 1
The voltage induced in the field coil 102 is caused only by the residual magnetic flux of the field core around which the field coil 102 is wound, and becomes very low. Therefore, the load connected to the neutral point 103 of the alternator 1 ceases to operate.

(b) During normal operation, the first and second rectified output ends 20
The voltage 1,202 is the net voltage obtained by rectifying the voltage generated by the armature coil 101, and this voltage value is controlled to a predetermined value optimal for charging the storage battery 4.
However, if the condition described in (a) occurs and the field current continues to be cut off, the field current becomes O(A) and the alternator 1 generates almost no voltage. However, at this time, the voltage of the storage battery 4 is indirectly applied to the second rectified output end 202 via the charging indicator light 6. Therefore, for several seconds, it appears as if the output of the alternator 1 is being controlled so as not to drop below a predetermined value.

(c) The storage battery 4 remains fully charged, and the field current becomes O.
After becoming (A), transistors 302 and 303
Even if the field coil 102 is energized by conducting, the rise of the field current is delayed due to the circuit constant of the field coil 102. For this reason, a time delay occurs before the generator output reaches the predetermined value.

This invention has been made to solve the above problems. That is, when the storage battery is fully charged,
The field current of the alternator is cut off and the output decreases,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging generator control device that can prevent a load connected to the neutral point of an alternator from malfunctioning and can accurately control the alternator.

[Means to solve the problem]

A charging generator control device according to the present invention has a field coil and an armature coil, a load is connected to an end of the armature coil, and a field current of the field coil causes the armature coil to An alternator whose output voltage is controlled; a rectifier connected to the output end of the alternator to rectify its output; a storage battery charged by the output of the rectifier; The output voltage of the alternator is directly or indirectly detected to detect the output voltage of the alternator.
A first circuit that controls the voltage to a predetermined value, and a voltage regulating circuit together with this first circuit, detects the voltage at the end of the armature coil of the alternating current generator, and adjusts the voltage of the storage battery based on this detected voltage. When the voltage exceeds the first predetermined value, the armature coil end voltage of the alternator is set to a second voltage lower than the first predetermined value.
By providing a second circuit that controls the voltage to a predetermined value, malfunction of the neutral point load is prevented and the alternator is accurately controlled.

[Effect]

The charging generator control device according to the present invention includes a second circuit that detects the voltage at the end of the armature coil of the alternator and controls the field current of the alternator based on the detected voltage, and charges the storage battery. The first best choice for
The output voltage of the alternator is controlled to a predetermined value, and the voltage at the armature coil end of the alternator is
Since the output voltage of the alternator is controlled to the second predetermined value which is lower than 1/2 of the predetermined value of Malfunction of the load connected to the coil end can be prevented.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the same parts as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted, and the explanation will focus on the parts that are different from FIG. 1.

Comparing Figure 2 with Figure 1, the voltage regulator 3
is different from FIG. 1, and in FIG. 2, the first control transistor 30 is connected from the base of the transistor 303 via the diode 310.
5' collector. The collector of this first control transistor 305' is connected to a resistor 30.
4', it is connected to a connection point between the key switch 5 and the charging indicator light 6. The emitter of this first control transistor 305' is connected to the third rectified output terminal 2.
It is connected to 03.

Second rectified output end 202 and third rectified output end 203
Resistors 307' and 308' are connected in series between the resistors 307' and 308', and a voltage dividing point a between the resistors 307' and 308' is connected to the base of the first control transistor 305' via a Zener diode 306' It is connected to the.

The resistors 307' and 308' constitute a first voltage divider circuit that indirectly detects the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4. Also, the zener diode 306' is connected to the resistor 3
09 and the charging indicator light 6, the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4 is indirectly detected, and conduction occurs when this terminal voltage reaches a first predetermined value that is optimal for charging the storage battery 4.

Further, the collector of a transistor 313 is connected via a resistor 312 to the connection point between the charging indicator 6 and the key switch 5, and this collector is connected to the base of the transistor 303 via a diode 311.

The base of the transistor 313 is connected to a voltage dividing point b between resistors 315 and 316 via a second Zener diode 314. This second zener diode 314 is connected to the armature coil 1 of the alternator 1.
When the neutral point 103 of 01 reaches a second predetermined value that is lower than 1/2 of the first predetermined value that is optimal for charging the storage battery 4, conduction occurs.

Further, the resistors 315 and 316 are connected in series between the neutral point 103 and the third rectified output end 203, and constitute a second voltage divider circuit that detects the neutral point voltage of the alternator 1. A filter capacitor 317 connected in parallel to the resistor 316 is for smoothing the ripple voltage generated at the neutral point 103 of the alternator 1.

Next, the operation of the charging generator control device of the present invention configured as described above will be explained.

(b) Alternator control, storage battery charging, and display during normal operation from engine startup When the key switch 5 is closed when the engine is started,
From the storage battery 4 through the key switch 5, a resistor 304',
A base current flows to the transistors 302 and 303 via the diode 310, the resistor 312, and the diode 311, and the transistors 302 and 303 become conductive.

As a result, from the storage battery 4 to the key switch 5, charging indicator light 6 and resistor 309, to the field coil 10.
2. A current flows through the field coil 102 via the transistors 302 and 303, and a field magnetomotive force is generated. At this time, a current flows through the charging indicator lamp 6, so it lights up to indicate the non-charging state of the storage battery 4.

When the engine is started in this state and the alternating current generator 1 is driven, an alternating current output is induced in the armature coil 101 according to the rotational speed of the alternating current generator 1. This AC output is full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier 2, and a positive voltage is generated at the first rectified output terminal 201 and the second rectified output terminal 202, and about half of the positive voltage is generated at the neutral point 103. Voltage is generated. Furthermore, a negative voltage is generated at the third rectified output terminal 203.

As the output voltage of the alternator 1 gradually increases, the voltage at the voltage dividing point b increases, and the voltage at the neutral point 103 increases.
When the voltage reaches a second predetermined value, the second Zener diode 314 transistor 313 becomes conductive, and the resistor 3 that was supplying the transistors 302 and 303 becomes conductive.
Current through 02 is cut off. However, at this time, the transistor 305' is still cut off, so the base current passing through the resistor 304' flows to the transistor 305'.
It continues to be supplied to 2,303. For this reason,
Transistors 302 and 303 are conductive, and field current continues to flow through field coil 102.

When the rotational speed of the alternator 1 further increases and the output voltage of the second rectified output terminal 202 exceeds the first predetermined value, the zener diode 306' and the transistor 305' become conductive, and the resistor 304' becomes conductive. The base current passed through the transistors 302 and 30 is cut off.
3 is cut off to reduce the field current. As a result, the output voltage of the alternator 1 decreases, the zener diode 306' becomes non-conductive, the field current increases again, and the output voltage of the alternator 1 increases. This operation is repeated to control the output voltage of the alternator 1 to a first predetermined value that is optimal for charging the storage battery 4.

On the other hand, the voltage at the second rectified output end 202 increases,
When the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4 becomes approximately equal to the terminal voltage, the potential across the charging indicator lamp 6 decreases and goes out, indicating the charging state of the storage battery 4.

(b) AC generator control when the storage battery is fully charged. Diesel engines do not require an ignition device, there is no headlight or other light during the day, and the electrical load on the AC generator 1 is only for charging the storage battery 4. When, storage battery 4
is charged continuously until it is fully charged. At this time, the generator control predetermined value V _G and the storage battery voltage V _B have a relationship of V _B V _G , and the storage battery 4 does not receive charging current.
The self-discharge of the storage battery takes several seconds for V _G > V _B to allow normal alternator control. During this time, the transistors 302 and 303 are cut off, so no field current flows, and the output voltage of the alternator 1 decreases exponentially depending on the circuit constant. Therefore, the voltage value at the neutral point 103 also decreases to about 1/2 of the terminal voltage value at the second rectified output terminal 202,
When this voltage value falls below the second predetermined value,
The zener diode 314 and the transistor 313 are cut off, and the storage battery 4 is connected to the key switch 5 and the resistor 31.
2. Transistor 30 via diode 311
Base current flows again through transistors 2 and 303, and transistors 302 and 303 become conductive.

As a result, the field current increases again, and the AC output voltage induced in the armature coil 101 increases. In this way, the neutral point 103 of the alternator 1
The voltage is controlled at a second predetermined value that is lower than 1/2 of the first predetermined value. Therefore, even if the storage battery 4 is fully charged and the field current does not flow and the output voltage of the alternator 1 decreases, the voltage at the neutral point 103 remains at the second
does not fall below a predetermined value, so this neutral point 1
A neutral point operating load driven by the voltage of 0.03 will not malfunction.

(c) Fully charged state release characteristics of the storage battery When the alternator 1 is controlled with the second predetermined value, the voltage at the second rectified output terminal 202 also becomes a value lower than the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4, so that the battery is fully charged. This will cause the voltage of the storage battery to drop quickly. That is, when the second predetermined value at which the neutral point 103 is controlled is replaced with the voltage at the second rectified output end 202 and compared with the first predetermined value, the second predetermined value x 2 < the first predetermined value. be. After the storage battery 4 is fully charged, the output voltage of the alternator 1 decreases, and when the voltage rises again, the output voltage is lower than the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4 as described above. Therefore, the voltage drop due to self-discharge of the fully charged storage battery 4 is accelerated, making it easier to return to generator control using the first predetermined value.

In the above embodiment, the case where the voltage at the neutral point 103 is detected is explained, but when the voltage at the alternating current generator 1
The output terminal voltage, that is, the output terminal voltage of the neutral point 103 or one phase of the armature coil 101 may be detected and controlled, and even in this case, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be achieved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a second circuit is provided which detects the armature coil terminal voltage of the alternator of the charging generator control device and controls the output voltage of the alternator based on this detected voltage. , the output voltage of the alternator is controlled to a first predetermined value that is optimal for charging the storage battery, and the output voltage of the alternator is also controlled to a second predetermined value lower than the first predetermined value. Therefore, since the accurate output voltage of the alternator is detected, its control is also performed accurately, so that the voltage at the end of the armature coil of the alternator does not fall below the second predetermined value, and the voltage at the end of the armature coil of the alternator does not fall below the second predetermined value. The load connected to the armature coil end driven by the terminal voltage will not malfunction, and when the storage battery is fully charged and controlled at the second predetermined value, the storage battery terminal This has the effect of reducing the voltage quickly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional charging power generation control device, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the charging power generation control device of the present invention. 1... Alternator, 101... Armature coil, 10
2... Field coil, 103... Neutral point, 2... Full wave rectifier, 201... First rectified output end, 202... Second rectified output end, 203... Third rectified output end, 3... Voltage regulator, 301 , 310, 311...diode,
302, 303, 305', 313...transistor, 304', 307', 308', 309, 31
2,315,316...resistance, 306', 314...
Zener diode, 4...storage battery, 5...key switch, 6...charging indicator light. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An alternating current generator that has a field coil and an armature coil, a load is connected to the end of the armature coil, and the output voltage of the armature coil is controlled by the field current of the field coil; A rectifier that is connected to the output end of this alternator and rectifies its output, a storage battery that is charged by the output of this rectifier, and an output of the alternator that directly or indirectly detects the voltage of the storage battery. a first circuit that controls the voltage to a first predetermined value that is optimal for charging the storage battery; the first circuit together with the first circuit constitutes a voltage adjustment circuit; , based on this detected voltage, the voltage of the storage battery becomes the first voltage.
Charging characterized by comprising a second circuit that controls the armature coil terminal voltage of the alternating current generator to a second predetermined value lower than the first predetermined value when the voltage exceeds the predetermined value. Generator control device.