JPS64912B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a rotor having a laminated core with gears,
The stator relates to a synchronous machine whose field is a permanent magnet in which a multiphase distributed winding is wound around a stator groove of a laminated core.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a permanent magnet field synchronous machine, or a hybrid type step motor, is a homopolar type in which magnetic flux is passed in the axial direction of a permanent magnet attached to a rotor.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the structure of a conventional homopolar step motor, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX'.

11 is a rotating shaft made of a non-magnetic material; 12 is a cylindrical permanent magnet with N and S poles magnetized in the direction of the rotating shaft; toothed portions 13 and 14 are provided on both sides of the magnet; and the permanent magnet is fixed to the rotating shaft 11. be done. The teeth 13 and 14 are positioned so that their teeth and grooves alternately overlap.

Reference numeral 15 designates a stator core whose outer periphery is surrounded by an outer frame 17 and around which a coil 16 is wound.Protrusions of stator poles facing the rotor teeth 13 and 14 are provided on the protrusions, and the protrusions are provided with teeth. The rotor teeth 13, 14 and the stator core 15 are both made of laminated iron cores.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

For this reason, if you aim to create a universal motor using ferrite magnets, you will not be able to obtain a high air magnetic flux density, and you will not be able to obtain a motor with a large torque/inertia ratio. This homopolar type has a structure that has long been known as slow thin, unipolar high frequency generators, etc.

Currently, slow-thin type hybrid step motors on the market use high magnetic flux density materials such as alnico and layered earth as permanent magnets, and in order to reduce inertia and increase output torque, the (core lamination/diameter) ratio If it is designed to be large, difficult construction methods such as stacking two or three permanent magnets with the core will have to be used.

As described above, conventional motors have permanent magnets mounted far away from the cavities of the stator and rotor. For this reason, the leakage magnetic flux was large and the magnet utilization rate was poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet field synchronous machine in which the magnet utilization rate of the permanent magnets forming the field is significantly improved and the rotational torque can be increased compared to the conventional example.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the present invention, a thin plate magnet is pasted facing the empty part of the stator to increase the utilization rate, and the demagnetizing force directly received by the armature magnetomotive force is absorbed by permanent magnets with high coercive force (for example, layered magnets). magnets, etc.).

That is, the configuration of the present invention is as follows.

The rotor consists of a cylindrical laminated iron core salient pole element with salient poles arranged at equal pitches around the outer circumference, and the number of salient poles is N _r
shall be.

The stator is a laminated core armature that has winding slots formed on its inner peripheral surface so as to face the rotor with a space in between.
A thin plate of permanent magnet with high coercive force is attached, and the magnetic poles are magnetized at equal pitches with a number of magnetic poles N _s so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities. N _s = 2 (N _r ±N _p )
have the following relationship. Here, N _p is the number of pole pairs of the winding magnetomotive force.

The stator groove is half-open or closed like a normal induction motor, and multi-phase 2N _p- pole distributed windings are wound around it.

[Effect]

With the above structure, the magnetism of the armature teeth is replaced by an alternating magnetic field that corresponds to the polarity of the highly antimagnetic thin plate permanent magnet attached to the surface, so it can be multi-phased and contributes to torque or thrust. The surface facing the magnetic field can be increased.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the number of rotor teeth N _r =4,
N _s = 2, where the number of stator grooves and the number of magnet poles N _s are equal
The case where (4+1)=10 is shown.

A 2N _p =2-pole multiphase distributed armature winding 33 with an integer N _p =1 is provided in the stator groove 32 .

Layer earth permanent magnets 34 are attached to the stator tooth surface formed on the inner periphery of the stator 31, and the polarity of the magnetic poles adjacent to the stator tooth surface alternates between N and S poles, and has 10 magnetic poles with electrical angles of 180° phase. It constitutes the magnetic field of

When the salient pole of the rotor 35 coincides with the magnetic north pole of the stator tooth, an south pole is induced in the salient pole, and then
A north pole is induced at the salient pole 180° apart. The magnetic flux φ creates a two-pole magnetic path as shown by the arrow.

When alternating current is applied to the armature winding 33, the stator teeth
S ₁ to _{S 5} , S ₁ ′ to _{S 5} ′, for example, S ₁ , S ₁ ′, S ₂ , S ₅ ,
A two-pole main magnetic field is generated in which S ₅ ' is the north pole and S ₂ ', S ₃ , S ₃ ', S ₄ and S ₄ ' are the south poles. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet 34 is superimposed on this main magnetic field, and a rotating magnetic field is formed in the air space in which the strength of the magnetic field alternates between adjacent magnetic poles.

The rotor salient pole r ₁ coincides with the rotor tooth S _1. At this time, the magnetic flux is S ₁ → r ₁ → r ₃ → S ₃ '→ S ₁ , and a large turning loop returns to S 1 → S ₅ → r ₄ →S ₄ ′→S ₅ and S ₂ →r ₂ →
A minor loop that returns from S ₂ ′ to S ₂ occurs, and both depend on the output torque due to the rotating magnetic field.

When the rotor 35 rotates 30 degrees clockwise due to the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding, the rotor salient pole r ₂ and the stator tooth S ₂ first align, and the large loop of the magnetic path is connected to the stator tooth.
Moving from S ₁ to stator tooth S ₂ .

Next, rotor salient pole r ₃ and stator tooth S ₃ coincide, and the magnetic path moves to stator tooth S ₃ , and rotor salient pole r ₄ and stator tooth S ₄ coincide, and the magnetic path moves to stator tooth S 3. Move to stator tooth S ₄ .

When the rotating magnetic field of the stator is replaced four times in this manner, the rotor 35 rotates 120 degrees.

The machine thus operates as an eight-pole synchronous machine.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention.

In this other embodiment, the synchronous rotary machine of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention is developed in a plane and formed into a linear motor.

A salient pole element 35' extending the rotor 35 into a rail shape,
The stator 31' is a movable armature 31'.

The relationship between the number N _s of magnetic poles of the movable armature 31' and the number N _r of salient poles of the salient pole element 35' is set as N _s =2 (N _r ±N _p ) as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

Since the operation is simply that rotation in one embodiment is replaced with propulsion, the explanation will be omitted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Thus, according to the present invention, when the structure is compared to that of a conventional electric motor, the magnetism of the armature teeth is replaced by an alternating magnetic field corresponding to the magnetism of the highly coercive thin plate permanent magnet attached to the surface, so that the winding start-up is reduced. Not only can the magnetic force be improved, but it is also easy to create multiple phases.

Furthermore, the surface facing the magnetic field that contributes to torque or thrust can be increased.

Moreover, the structure of the salient pole element is simple and strong, and the structure is highly reliable and can withstand high speeds, high temperatures, and shocks.

Furthermore, the armature of an existing induction motor can be used to easily convert it into a synchronous machine.

Possible applications of the present invention include stepping motors, AC tachogenerators, high-frequency power generators, and high-speed motors.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are a side sectional view, a front sectional view, and a third sectional view showing the structure of a conventional homopolar step motor.
The figure is a front sectional view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a linear motor as another embodiment of the invention. 1-8...Stator teeth, 1'-9'...Rotor teeth, 11
... Rotating shaft, 12 ... Permanent magnet, 13, 14 ... Rotor, 15 ... Stator, 16 ... Coil, 17 ... Outer frame yoke, 31 ... Stator, 32 ... Stator groove, 33 ... Armature winding, 34...Permanent magnet (for example, rear earth magnet), 35...Rotor, 31'...Movable armature, 35'
...Salient pole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An armature consisting of a laminated iron core having equally spaced slots for storing multipolar excitation windings and a permanent magnet for creating a bias magnetic field, and a salient pole element having tooth-like salient poles arranged at equal pitches. _In a _{synchronous machine consisting of} ,
and a permanent magnet field characterized in that N _s high-resistance permanent magnet thin plates are attached to the magnetic pole surface facing the salient pole of the armature so that the polarity alternates between adjacent teeth, thereby making the permanent magnet field multipolar. synchronous machine.