JPS649141B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS649141B2 JPS649141B2 JP22469984A JP22469984A JPS649141B2 JP S649141 B2 JPS649141 B2 JP S649141B2 JP 22469984 A JP22469984 A JP 22469984A JP 22469984 A JP22469984 A JP 22469984A JP S649141 B2 JPS649141 B2 JP S649141B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- tool
- air
- grinding
- distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B24D3/32—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds for porous or cellular structure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
技術分野
本発明は、曲面を有する部材の研摩・研削工具
に関し、光学部材の研摩・研削に適したものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a polishing/grinding tool for a member having a curved surface, and is suitable for polishing/grinding an optical member.
従来技術
従来、この種の研摩工具は、その一例を第６図
に示すようにして用いられていた。第６図は、上
記研摩工具によつて光学用レンズを研摩するため
の研摩加工機の要部概要を示す。図において符号
１は従来の研摩工具であり、周知のように研摩砥
材が均一に結合された半球面体からなり、工具回
転軸７の上端部に一体的に支持されている。上記
工具１によつて研摩される凹面レンズ２は、レン
ズ保持具３により保持されている。保持具３の上
面に設けられた凹部３ａには、かんざし４の下端
部に設けられたかんざし球部４ａが嵌入し、かん
ざし４は、レンズ保持具３に適当な荷重を加えな
がら、不図示の揺動機構により矢印の方向に揺動
する。こうして、レンズ保持具３を介してレンズ
２の被研摩面を、回転軸７上で回転している工具
１の研摩面に押圧摺動させて研摩する。このとき
レンズ２は、工具１の研摩面を揺動しながら工具
１の回転にならつて従属回転し、所定の研摩が行
なわれる。符号５は周知のクーラント（切削油）
供給用パイプを示し、同パイプによつてクーラン
ト６が研摩工具１の露呈した研摩面に注がれる。Prior Art Conventionally, this type of polishing tool has been used as shown in FIG. 6, an example of which is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows an outline of the main parts of a polishing machine for polishing an optical lens using the polishing tool described above. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a conventional polishing tool, which is made of a hemispherical body in which polishing abrasive material is uniformly bonded, as is well known, and is integrally supported at the upper end of a tool rotating shaft 7. The concave lens 2 to be polished by the tool 1 is held by a lens holder 3. A hairpin bulb 4a provided at the lower end of the hairpin 4 fits into a recess 3a provided on the upper surface of the holder 3, and the hairpin 4 is inserted into the lens holder 3 while applying an appropriate load. The swing mechanism swings in the direction of the arrow. In this way, the surface to be polished of the lens 2 is pressed and slid onto the polishing surface of the tool 1 rotating on the rotating shaft 7 via the lens holder 3, thereby being polished. At this time, the lens 2 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the tool 1 while swinging on the polishing surface of the tool 1, and predetermined polishing is performed. Code 5 is a well-known coolant (cutting oil)
A supply pipe is shown by which coolant 6 is poured onto the exposed abrasive surface of the abrasive tool 1.
ところで、このような従来のレンズの研摩・研
削加工においては、研摩工具１の研摩面が加工す
べきレンズ２の被研摩・研削面に均等に接触して
おらず、しかも、かんざし４の揺動機構により押
圧力が必ずしも均等にならない。従つて、従来の
研摩・研削工具の研摩・研削加工による摩耗量は
一様とならず予定の量と異なつてくる。例えば、
第７図に示すように、研摩工具１の研摩面の中心
部１ｂの摩耗量をtb、周辺部１ａの摩耗量をtaと
すればtb≠taとなる。このように研摩工具１の研
摩面が均等に摩耗しないで、tb＞ta、またはtb＜
taとなるに対応して研摩工具の研摩面の曲率半径
Ｒは、第８図に示すように研摩時間ｔの長さに応
じて増減し、所定の曲率半径となるようにレンズ
２を研摩することは困難となる。 By the way, in such conventional lens polishing/grinding processing, the polished surface of the polishing tool 1 does not come into even contact with the polished/grinded surface of the lens 2 to be processed, and moreover, the swinging of the hairpin 4 The pressing force is not necessarily equal depending on the mechanism. Therefore, the amount of wear due to polishing and grinding of conventional polishing and grinding tools is not uniform and differs from the expected amount. for example,
As shown in FIG. 7, if the amount of wear at the central portion 1b of the polishing surface of the polishing tool 1 is t b and the amount of wear at the peripheral portion 1a is t a , then t b ≠ t a . In this way, the polishing surface of the polishing tool 1 is not worn evenly, and t b > t a or t b <
Corresponding to t a , the radius of curvature R of the polished surface of the polishing tool increases or decreases depending on the length of the polishing time t, as shown in FIG. 8, and the lens 2 is polished to a predetermined radius of curvature. It becomes difficult to do so.
そのため、従来の研摩工具１の研摩量を均等に
するために、工具１の回転駆動軸７の中心軸Ａ−
A′と、直立したかんざし４の状態（第６図参照）
にあるレンズ２の光軸Ｂ−B′とのなす角度θを
適度変更する手段が採られていた。すなわち、例
えばθを大きくすればta＞tbとなり、θを小さく
すればta＜tbとなることを利用していたのであ
る。 Therefore, in order to equalize the amount of polishing of the conventional polishing tool 1, the central axis A-
A' and the state of the hairpin 4 standing upright (see Figure 6)
Means has been taken to appropriately change the angle θ between the lens 2 and the optical axis B-B'. That is, for example, if θ is increased, t a >t b , and if θ is decreased, t a <t b .
しかし、研摩されるレンズの加工径をＤ、曲率
半径をＲとした場合、レンズ球面を曲率中心から
見込む角の半角（レンズ半角）α、すなわち
Sin-1（Ｄ／2R）が90゜（半球レンズ）に近くなる
と、研摩工具の表面積や前記相対角θは幾何学的
な制約を受けて、前記工具の表面積をレンズ表面
積に対して大きくすることができず、工具の摩耗
は早くなると共に、上記相対角θを小さくするこ
とができないために、ta＞tbとなりtaとtbとを等
しくすることが不可能となる。従つて第８図に示
すように、例えば凹レンズの場合は研摩時間に比
例して曲率半径が小さくなる方向に変化し、凸レ
ンズの場合は反対に曲率半径が大きくなる方向に
変化する。このため、従来の工具は曲率半径の変
化が一方的となり、曲率半径の安定した加工が不
可能となる欠点を有していた。 However, if the processing diameter of the lens to be polished is D and the radius of curvature is R, then the half angle (lens half angle) α of the angle of the spherical lens surface from the center of curvature, i.e.
When Sin -1 (D/2R) approaches 90° (hemispherical lens), the surface area of the polishing tool and the relative angle θ are subject to geometrical constraints, and the surface area of the tool is made larger than the lens surface area. Since the relative angle θ cannot be made small, t a >t b and it is impossible to make t a and t b equal. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, in the case of a concave lens, the radius of curvature changes in proportion to the polishing time, and in the case of a convex lens, the radius of curvature changes in the opposite direction, in proportion to the polishing time. For this reason, conventional tools have the disadvantage that the radius of curvature changes unilaterally, making it impossible to perform machining with a stable radius of curvature.
発明の目的
本発明は、研摩・研削工具中に、気胞の含有構
成の異なる領域を設けることによつて、工具の研
摩・研削面の摩耗量が全面に亘つて均一になるよ
うにし、前述した従来の研摩・研削工具が有する
欠点を解決することを目的とする。Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides a polishing/grinding tool with regions with different gas vesicle content compositions, thereby making the amount of wear on the polishing/grinding surface of the tool uniform over the entire surface. The purpose is to solve the drawbacks of conventional polishing and grinding tools.
発明の概要
砥材中の気胞の含有構成が異なる領域を工具回
転軸を中心に同心環状に配置した砥材を研摩・研
削工具として用いることにより、砥材と被加工物
との接触面積率を径方向に変化させて摩耗性を径
方向に沿つて変化させる。Summary of the Invention By using an abrasive material as a polishing/grinding tool in which regions with different gas vesicle content compositions are arranged in a concentric ring around the tool rotation axis, the contact area ratio between the abrasive material and the workpiece can be reduced. The abrasiveness is varied in the radial direction by varying the abrasiveness along the radial direction.
前記気胞の含有構成の差異は、砥材中に形成す
る気胞密度（単位体積当りの気胞の数）の差異に
より発生できる。また、砥材の単位体積中に含ま
れる気胞の体積または形状の差異によつても発生
することができる。 The difference in the composition of the air spores can be caused by a difference in the air spore density (number of air sacs per unit volume) formed in the abrasive material. It can also occur due to a difference in the volume or shape of air cells contained in a unit volume of the abrasive material.
気胞の含有構成の異なる領域は、気胞密度、気
胞の体積、または形状等の気胞の含有構成が工具
回転軸を中心として径方向に階段状に変化するよ
うな分布、または連続的に滑らかな直線もしくは
曲線状の分布を有する。 A region with a different air vesicle content structure is a distribution in which the air spore content structure, such as air vesicle density, air vesicle volume, or shape, changes stepwise in the radial direction around the tool rotation axis, or a continuous smooth straight line. Or it has a curved distribution.
また、特殊な形状の曲面を研摩・研削するため
に前記分布は、単調に増減するもの以外に１以上
の極値を有する高次関数的に変化するものを採用
することもできる。 Furthermore, in order to polish or grind a curved surface of a special shape, the distribution may be one that varies in a high-order function having one or more extreme values, instead of one that monotonically increases and decreases.
このように前記気胞の含有構成の異なる領域に
おける気胞の分布は研摩・研削量が均一になるよ
うに被加工面の形状に応じて実験的に求めること
ができる。 In this way, the distribution of air spores in regions with different air spore content compositions can be determined experimentally depending on the shape of the surface to be processed so that the amount of polishing and grinding is uniform.
実施例
以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて説明す
る。第１図Ａ，Ｂは本発明の第一実施例を示す研
摩工具１１の縦断面及び横断面をそれぞれ示す。
この研摩工具１１は、外観の形状及びその素材は
従来のものと変わらないが、内部に気胞（図中の
小さな丸）を含有している。その１個の気胞の体
積はほぼ同一であり、単位体積当たりの気胞の数
で表わされる気胞密度が異なる研摩砥材の領域１
２，１３及び１４によつて工具１１が構成されて
いる。領域１２，１３及び１４は工具回転軸Ｏを
中心として同心環状に一体に結合されており、各
領域の気胞密度Ｃをそれぞれ１２ａ，１３ａ及び
１４ａとするとき１２ａ＞１３ａ＞１４ａなる関
係を有する。気胞密度の大小は砥材の研摩面積
（被研摩面との接触面積）の大小に影響を及ぼし、
研摩工具の摩耗量を制御することができる。すな
わち研摩工具１１の研摩面の中心部を構成する領
域１２は気胞密度Ｃが最高１２ａになつているの
でその上端の摩耗の度合は大きく、周辺部の研摩
面となる領域１４は気胞密度Ｃが最小１４ａにな
つているので摩耗の度合は小さくなつている。従
つて、従来の工具では研摩が困難であつたレンズ
の半角αが90゜に近いレンズでも、前記気胞密度
１２ａ〜１４ａの分布を実験によつて設定するこ
とにより、研摩工具１１の周辺部の摩耗量taと工
具の中心部の摩耗量tbを等しくすることができ
る。第１図Ｃは前記気胞密度Ｃの分布を示し、気
胞密度Ｃを縦軸に、研摩工具１１の工具回転軸Ｏ
からの半径方向の距離を横軸に示す。この実施例
の気胞密度Ｃは径方向に沿つて階段状に変化して
いる。Embodiments Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on illustrated embodiments. 1A and 1B show a longitudinal section and a transverse section, respectively, of a polishing tool 11 showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
This polishing tool 11 has the same external shape and material as the conventional one, but contains air cells (small circles in the figure) inside. Region 1 of the abrasive material in which the volume of one air spore is almost the same, and the density of air spores expressed as the number of air sacs per unit volume is different.
2, 13 and 14 constitute a tool 11. The regions 12, 13, and 14 are integrally connected in a concentric ring shape around the tool rotation axis O, and have a relationship of 12a>13a>14a when the air cell density C of each region is 12a, 13a, and 14a, respectively. The size of the air pore density affects the size of the polishing area of the abrasive material (the area of contact with the surface to be polished).
The amount of wear on the polishing tool can be controlled. In other words, the region 12 constituting the center of the polished surface of the polishing tool 11 has a maximum air bubble density C of 12a, so the degree of wear at its upper end is large, and the peripheral region 14, which forms the polished surface, has a air cell density C of 12a. Since the minimum diameter is 14a, the degree of wear is reduced. Therefore, even for a lens whose half angle α is close to 90°, which is difficult to polish with conventional tools, by setting the distribution of the air bubble densities 12a to 14a through experiments, the peripheral part of the polishing tool 11 can be polished. The amount of wear t a and the amount of wear t b at the center of the tool can be made equal. FIG. 1C shows the distribution of the air bubble density C, with the air cell density C as the vertical axis and the tool rotation axis O of the polishing tool 11.
The horizontal axis shows the radial distance from The air cell density C in this example changes stepwise along the radial direction.
第２図Ａ，Ｂは本発明の第二実施例を示す研摩
工具の縦断面及び横断面を示す。この場合も、工
具を構成する砥材中に気胞を含有している点では
第一実施例のものと同様であるが、本実施例では
気胞含有構成の差異を、各気胞の体積または形状
の差異によつて発生せしめている。研摩砥材中の
気胞の大きさが異なる領域１５，１６及び１７に
より研摩工具が構成されており、領域１５，１６
及び１７は工具回転軸O′を中心として同心環状
に一体に結合されている。領域１５，１６及び１
７中に含有される単一の気胞の体積C′をそれぞれ
１５ａ，１６ａ及び１７ａとするとき１５ａ＞１
６ａ＞１７ａなる関係にある。このような気胞の
体積C′の分布によつても研摩面の中心部である領
域１５の上端面が最も摩耗の度合が大きくなり、
周辺部となる領域の上端面が最も摩耗の度合いが
小さくできる。従つて、この第二実施例による研
摩工具によつても、レンズの半角αが90゜近いレ
ンズに対して気胞の体積C′の分布を適切に選択す
ることにより研摩が可能となる。 FIGS. 2A and 2B show a longitudinal section and a transverse section of a polishing tool showing a second embodiment of the present invention. This case is also similar to the first example in that the abrasive material constituting the tool contains air vesicles, but in this example, the difference in the air sac structure is determined by the volume or shape of each air sac. It is caused by differences. A polishing tool is constituted by regions 15, 16 and 17 in which air pores in the abrasive material have different sizes, and regions 15, 16
and 17 are integrally connected in a concentric ring shape around the tool rotation axis O'. Areas 15, 16 and 1
When the volumes C' of single air sacs contained in 7 are respectively 15a, 16a and 17a, 15a>1
The relationship is 6a>17a. Due to this distribution of the volume C' of the air vesicles, the degree of wear is greatest on the upper end surface of the region 15, which is the center of the polished surface.
The degree of wear can be minimized on the upper end surface of the peripheral region. Therefore, even with the polishing tool according to the second embodiment, it is possible to polish a lens whose half angle α is close to 90° by appropriately selecting the distribution of the volume C' of the air vesicles.
前記第一、及び第二実施例においては、気胞密
度Ｃまたは気胞の体積C′が工具回転軸を中心とし
て径方向に階段状に変化するものであつたが、気
胞密度Ｃまたは体積C′を連続的に滑らかに変化さ
せても良い。第３図Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃは気胞密度Ｃを連
続的に変化させた例を示し、それぞれ工具の縦断
面、横断面、及び工具回転軸O″を中心とする気
胞密度Ｃの分布を示す（第三実施例）。この場合、
分布が連続しているのでより精密な加工が可能と
なる。 In the first and second embodiments, the air vesicle density C or the air spore volume C' changed stepwise in the radial direction around the tool rotation axis. It may be changed continuously and smoothly. Figures A, B, and C show an example in which the air bubble density C is continuously changed, and show the distribution of the air bubble density C around the longitudinal section, cross section, and tool rotation axis O'' of the tool, respectively. Third embodiment).In this case,
Since the distribution is continuous, more precise machining is possible.
以上の実施例においては、研摩対象として半球
に近いレンズを研摩するために、第４図Ａ，Ｂに
示すように工具の中心部（工具回転軸）の気胞密
度Ｃまたは気胞の体積C′を大きくしたが、レンズ
の半角が0゜に近い、いわゆる浅面レンズを研摩す
る場合は、気胞密度Ｃまたは気胞の体積C′（気胞
の含有構成）が第４図Ｃ，Ｄに示すように径方向
に階段状または連続的に増大するような分布が用
いられる（第四実施例）。 In the above embodiment, in order to polish a nearly hemispherical lens as an object to be polished, the air pore density C or the air pore volume C' at the center of the tool (tool rotation axis) is determined as shown in FIGS. 4A and B. However, when polishing a so-called shallow lens whose half angle is close to 0°, the air vesicle density C or the air sac volume C' (the composition of the air sacs) should be increased as shown in Figure 4 C and D. A distribution that increases stepwise or continuously in the direction is used (fourth embodiment).
これまでの実施例では、気胞の含有構成が径方
向に沿つて単調に変化するものであつたが、機械
的条件などの加工条件の制約によつて径方向に
NRクセ（ニユートンリングの不規則）が生じる
場合には、気胞の含有構成（ＣまたはC′）が径方
向に沿つて第５図Ａ，Ｂに示すように１以上の極
値を有する高次関数状に、NRクセに応じた分布
を設定することができる（第五実施例）。 In the previous examples, the composition of the air vesicles changed monotonically along the radial direction, but due to constraints on processing conditions such as mechanical conditions,
When NR habit (Newton ring irregularity) occurs, the content structure (C or C') of the air vesicle has a high value of 1 or more extreme values along the radial direction, as shown in Figure 5A and B. A distribution according to the NR habit can be set in the form of the following function (fifth embodiment).
以上の実施例においては、研摩を目的としてい
たが、レンズなどの研削工程（カーブジエネレー
ト工程）において、ダイヤモンドカツプ砥石に応
用し、レンズの半角の大きい半球に近いレンズに
ついても容易に球面を創成することができる（第
六実施例）。 In the above examples, the purpose was polishing, but it can also be applied to a diamond cup grinding wheel in the grinding process (curve generate process) of lenses, etc., to easily grind spherical surfaces even for lenses with a large half-angle close to a hemisphere. (Sixth Example)
また、メタルダイヤモンド砥石やレジノイド砥
石などの研削工具に応用すると、精研削工程にお
いても、研摩工程と同様の効果を得ることができ
る（第七実施例）。 Furthermore, when applied to grinding tools such as metal diamond grindstones and resinoid grindstones, the same effects as in the polishing process can be obtained even in the precision grinding process (seventh embodiment).
発明の効果
加工条件が被加工物の形状などにより制約を受
けて一般的な砥石では、工具に一様な摩耗が生じ
ないような場合でも、砥石中の気胞の含有構成を
適切に分布せしめることにより砥石の摩耗を均一
にすることができるので工具の研摩面の形状が時
間的に変化せず、極めて精度の高い、安定した加
工を行うことができる。Effects of the Invention Even when the machining conditions are restricted by the shape of the workpiece, etc., and the tool does not wear uniformly with a general grindstone, the composition of air cells in the grindstone can be appropriately distributed. This makes it possible to uniformly wear the grindstone, so the shape of the polished surface of the tool does not change over time, making it possible to perform stable machining with extremely high precision.
また、被加工物の形状に応じて、適正な気胞の
含有構造（ＣまたはC′）の分布を備えた研摩・研
削工具を加工する形状毎に予め用意しておけば、
従来加工が困難であつた形状の部材に対しても、
機械的加工条件を複雑に操作することなく、工具
を交換するだけで短時間に効率良く加工すること
が可能となる。 In addition, if a polishing/grinding tool with an appropriate distribution of air vesicle-containing structure (C or C') is prepared in advance for each shape to be processed, depending on the shape of the workpiece,
Even for parts with shapes that were difficult to process in the past,
Machining can be performed efficiently in a short period of time simply by changing tools without complicated manipulation of mechanical processing conditions.
第１図Ａ，Ｂは本発明の第一実施例の研摩工具
の構成を示す縦断面図及び横断面図、第１図Ｃは
第１図Ａ，Ｂに示す研摩工具の径方向に沿つた気
胞密度Ｃを示す分布図、第２図Ａ，Ｂは本発明の
第二実施例の研摩工具の構成を示す縦断面図及び
横断面図、第３図Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃは本発明の第三実施
例の研摩工具の構成を示す縦断面図、横断面図及
び気胞密度の分布図、第４図Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄは本
発明の第四実施例の研摩工具の径方向に沿つた気
胞の含有構造（ＣまたはC′）の分布図、第５図
Ａ，Ｂは本発明の第五実施例の研摩工具の気胞の
含有構造（ＣまたはC′）の分布図を示す。また第
６図は、従来の研摩工具を適用した研摩加工機の
一例を示す要部構成図、第７図は従来の研摩工具
の研摩態様を示す右半部の断面図、第８図は従来
の研摩工具の研摩時間による工具曲率半径の変化
を示す特性図である。図における符号と主要部の
名称との対応は以下の通りである。
１，１１……研摩工具、２……凹面レンズ、３
……レンズ保持具、４……かんざし、７……工具
回転軸、１２，１３，１４，１５，１６，１７…
…領域。
1A and 1B are longitudinal and transverse sectional views showing the structure of a polishing tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1C is a view along the radial direction of the polishing tool shown in FIGS. 1A and B. A distribution diagram showing air vesicle density C, Figures 2A and B are longitudinal and cross-sectional views showing the structure of the polishing tool of the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 3A, B, and C are the distribution diagrams of the polishing tool of the second embodiment of the present invention. A longitudinal cross-sectional view, a cross-sectional view, and a distribution diagram of air bubble density showing the structure of the polishing tool of the third embodiment, and Figures 4A, B, C, and D are taken along the radial direction of the polishing tool of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figures 5A and 5B show distribution diagrams of the air vesicle containing structures (C or C') of the polishing tool of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a main part configuration diagram showing an example of a polishing machine using a conventional polishing tool, Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the right half of the conventional polishing tool showing the polishing mode, and Fig. 8 is a conventional polishing machine. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing changes in tool curvature radius depending on polishing time of the polishing tool. The correspondence between the symbols in the figure and the names of the main parts is as follows. 1, 11... Polishing tool, 2... Concave lens, 3
... Lens holder, 4 ... Hairpin, 7 ... Tool rotation axis, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17...
…region.
Claims (1)
て、砥材中の気胞の含有構成が異なる領域を備
え、該領域を工具回転軸を中心として同心環状に
配置した砥材を用い剛性体に形成したことを特徴
とする研摩、研削工具。 ２ 前記気胞の含有構成の差異を、砥材中に形成
する気胞密度の差異によつて発生せしめたことを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の研摩、研
削工具。 ３ 前記気胞の含有構成の差異を、砥材中に形成
する気胞の体積または形状の差異によつて発生せ
しめたことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の研摩、研削工具。 ４ 前記気胞の含有構成が異なる領域は、工具回
転軸を中心として径方向に気胞の含有構成が階段
状に変化する分布を有することを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第１、第２または第３項記載の研摩、
研削工具。 ５ 前記気胞の含有構成が異なる領域は、工具回
転軸を中心として径方向に気胞の含有構成が連続
的に変化する分布を有することを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第１、第２または第３項記載の研摩、
研削工具。 ６ 前記気胞の含有構成は単調に変化するのでは
なく、１以上の極致を有する分布に従つて変化す
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１、第２、
または第３項記載の研摩、研削工具。[Scope of Claims] 1. A tool for polishing or grinding a member having a curved surface, using an abrasive material having regions with different gas vesicle content compositions and arranged in a concentric ring shape around the tool rotation axis. A polishing and grinding tool characterized by being formed into a rigid body. 2. The polishing and grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein the difference in the composition of the gas vesicles is caused by a difference in the density of the gas sacs formed in the abrasive material. 3. The polishing and grinding tool according to claim 1, wherein the difference in the composition of the gas vesicles is caused by a difference in the volume or shape of the gas sacs formed in the abrasive material. 4. Claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the regions with different air vesicle content structures have a distribution in which the air vesicle content structures change stepwise in the radial direction around the tool rotation axis. Polishing as described in section
Grinding tools. 5. Claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the regions in which the air vesicle content structure differs have a distribution in which the air vesicle content structure changes continuously in the radial direction centering on the tool rotation axis. Polishing as described in section
Grinding tools. 6. Claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the content structure of the air vesicles does not change monotonically, but changes according to a distribution having one or more extremes.
Or the polishing or grinding tool described in item 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22469984A JPS61103768A (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1984-10-25 | Polishing and grinding tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22469984A JPS61103768A (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1984-10-25 | Polishing and grinding tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61103768A JPS61103768A (en) | 1986-05-22 |
| JPS649141B2 true JPS649141B2 (en) | 1989-02-16 |
Family
ID=16817853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22469984A Granted JPS61103768A (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1984-10-25 | Polishing and grinding tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61103768A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01177975A (en) * | 1987-12-29 | 1989-07-14 | Kawada Eng:Kk | Self-cavity generating grinding stone made in resinoid bonding system |
| DE102004003131A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-08-11 | Carl Zeiss | Apparatus and method for polishing an optical surface, optical component, and method of manufacturing a polishing tool |
| JP2014061553A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-04-10 | Olympus Corp | Grinding wheel and method of manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61100358A (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1986-05-19 | Canon Inc | Polishing pad |
-
1984
- 1984-10-25 JP JP22469984A patent/JPS61103768A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61103768A (en) | 1986-05-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20070077872A1 (en) | Precision control of sharpening angles | |
| JPH0343146A (en) | Non-contact processing method for spherical surface | |
| US2188365A (en) | Grinding tool | |
| JPS649141B2 (en) | ||
| JPH08206953A (en) | Grinding / polishing method, grinding / polishing tool and manufacturing method thereof | |
| Venkatesh et al. | Ductile streaks in precision grinding of hard and brittle materials | |
| JPS6351824B2 (en) | ||
| JP3466880B2 (en) | Processing method of spherical shape such as lens | |
| JP3630950B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of spherical lens | |
| US3577690A (en) | Method of making one-piece multifocal lens blanks | |
| JP2001025948A (en) | Spherical grinding wheel | |
| JPS63183B2 (en) | ||
| JP3625858B2 (en) | Grinding and polishing wheel | |
| JPS583646Y2 (en) | grinding wheel | |
| JPH0549428B2 (en) | ||
| JP2001038506A (en) | Single crystal diamond tool and manufacture thereof | |
| US6640795B1 (en) | Dresser, polishing apparatus and method for producing an article | |
| JPH05253825A (en) | Manufacture of optical lens, and optical lens | |
| JPH04240071A (en) | Method and device for polishing ring-shaped grinder element | |
| JPH03131478A (en) | Diamond wheel for polishing stone material | |
| US7150676B2 (en) | Dual motion polishing tool | |
| JPH0569309A (en) | Super finishing method | |
| JP2002205254A (en) | Optical element grinding / polishing tool shape production method and grinding / polishing tool shape production grinding tool | |
| JPH02284874A (en) | Grinding stone | |
| JP2026015833A (en) | Dressing tools, how to use grinding stones, and grinding stones |