JPS649265B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a base material suitable for cement mortar finished walls, tile finished walls, etc. used in houses and other buildings. In wooden houses, the interior and exterior walls are often finished with cement mortar for fire prevention or aesthetic reasons. Conventionally, such a mortar finishing method consists of finely arranging small boards in horizontal rows between pillars and nailing them, then pasting waterproof paper such as asphalt roofing or lath wire mesh on top of this to create a base, and then applying mortar as an undercoat on top of this. A method of applying a finishing coat of mortar after curing has been adopted. However, this construction method is complicated and takes a long time to complete, and over time, cracks may develop on the finished surface of the mortar, and since the mortar is held only by the lath mesh, it may peel off from the cracked area due to vibration. It had the disadvantage of causing accidents such as In addition, in recent years, methods have been seen in which wooden boards are coated with asphalt-based materials or resins whose main component is unvulcanized butyl rubber are used as base materials for mortar walls, but these methods affect the coating properties of the mortar,
It has a major drawback of poor adhesion. In addition, a mixture containing cement as the main material and synthetic resin emulsion added thereto may be painted, or a mixture containing cement and synthetic resin emulsion as the binding material and sand or crushed stone added as aggregate may be painted in an uneven shape. There is also a method of using it as a wall base material, but since it is mainly made of cement, it is very hard, has poor cutting suitability during construction, and the saw teeth are severely worn away, and the base material is difficult to install. If rainwater hits the base material before the mortar is placed, it will absorb moisture because it lacks water resistance, and if mortar is placed before it dries, it will not adhere well and the surface will be painted in an uneven pattern. As a result, the required amount of mortar is large, and during construction, it is difficult to treat the joints between the base materials, and the reliability of waterproofing is low. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, to provide not only excellent adhesion of mortar, waterproof properties, and cutting workability, but also to provide good mortar placement work, It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight construction base material with good heat insulation properties, which does not cause surface cracks and can be used as a base for tiled walls or simply as a base for painting. . That is, the present invention uses 100 parts by weight of cement, 4 to 15 parts by weight of an aqueous emulsion of a synthetic resin that has adhesive properties to the substrate, and 20 to 400 parts by weight of an inorganic lightweight aggregate with low water absorption and an apparent specific gravity of 0.5 or less. Department,
It is configured to form an adhesive layer containing 0.05 to 1.5 parts by weight of a foaming surfactant and containing pores on a substrate. When an adhesive layer with such a composition is formed, during the formation process, a waterproof layer rich in synthetic resin emulsion and cement, which provides high waterproofness and adhesion strength, is formed on the substrate side in the adhesive layer, and the upper layer is Contains a large amount of closed pores, has a high adhesive strength with mortar, does not impair water resistance, retains the moisture necessary for hardening and setting of mortar, and forms a layer with excellent cutting processing suitability. By doing so, the desired purpose can be achieved. The present invention will be explained in more detail below. The substrates used in the present invention include wood-based substrates such as plywood, hardboard, and particle board, and inorganic substrates such as pulp cement boards, asbestos cement calcium silicate boards, and asbestos slate boards.
It is preferable to have a smooth surface and an appropriate amount of water absorption so as not to prevent the above-mentioned separation by the adhesive layer. As mentioned above, the composition of the adhesive layer is cement 100
4 to 15 parts by weight of synthetic resin aqueous emulsion
parts by weight, 20 to 400 parts by weight of inorganic lightweight aggregate, and 0.05 to 1.5 parts by weight of foaming surfactant. As the cement, ordinary Portland cement can be used, but the cement is not limited to any hydraulic material containing silicate, such as silica cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, and early strength Portland cement. Cement not only acts as a filler or extender pigment, but also strengthens the adhesive layer as it hardens itself, and since it has the same ingredients as mortar, it also has the effect of improving adhesion with mortar. have
Regarding the quantitative relationship with components other than cement, if the amount of cement mixed in is too small, the effect of cement addition will not be realized, and on the other hand, if it is too large, the adhesive strength with the base material will decrease and the waterproofness will decrease. This is not preferable because it also reduces suitability for cutting workability. Synthetic resin emulsions that have good adhesion to substrates and are fireproof and heat resistant include acrylic esters, vinylidene chloride, chloroprene,
Examples include emulsion polymers made of one or more polymerizable monomers such as styrenes. Solid content 30
~65% of normal commercially available products can be used. In addition to thermoplastic synthetic resins, these also allow modification with self-crosslinking type or thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins. The mixing ratio of these synthetic resin emulsions with cement is 4 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement.
~15 parts by weight. This is because if the mixing ratio is less than 4 parts by weight, the required strength and waterproofness as a base material cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 15 parts by weight, the fluidity of the kneaded adhesive will be low, making it difficult to manufacture. This is because it may be difficult or the adhesive may have too many bubbles, reducing its strength. These synthetic resin emulsions have excellent adhesion to substrates and water resistance, and after drying, they have excellent waterproof properties and excellent adhesion to mortars. As an inorganic lightweight aggregate with low water absorption and an apparent specific gravity of 0.5 or less, it is best to use one with internal voids.
Examples include hard perlite made from obsidian, foamed glass bulbs, and artificial lightweight bodies. The reason for using such aggregates is that if a lightweight aggregate with high absorbency is used, a large amount of water will be used in the mixture, which will shrink as it dries, increasing cracks. It absorbs the moisture necessary for hardening and setting of mortar, and the strength of cement becomes insufficient.
In addition, for lightweight aggregates with apparent specific gravity greater than 0.5,
This is because it gets mixed into the waterproof layer on the base material side that separates and settles in the adhesive layer, making it impossible to obtain high waterproof properties. The appropriate amount of such inorganic lightweight aggregate to be added is 20 to 400 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement. This is not preferable because if the mixing ratio is too high, the fluidity of the mixed adhesive and the strength of the adhesive layer will decrease. In addition, if the amount is too small, the effect of adding lightweight aggregate will not be realized. The effect of adding these lightweight aggregates is that they reduce the weight, are convenient for providing the necessary thickness to the adhesive layer due to the filling effect, and maintain the closed cells inherent in the adhesive layer, making the mortar It retains the moisture necessary for hardening and setting, improves cutting suitability, which is a drawback of cement-added products, and facilitates cutting during construction of base materials. Finally, as the foaming surfactant, alkali-resistant maleated resin, alkylaryl sulfonate, alkylaryl ether sulfate salt, etc. are used. These surfactants not only improve the fluidity of the mixed adhesive, but also form closed cells during mixing, providing an adhesive layer with many pores that make it effective as a substrate. It has water permeability resistance and the effect of retaining the appropriate amount of moisture necessary for hardening when applying mortar. The amount of the foaming surfactant to be added is preferably 0.05 to 1.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement, including the surfactant as a stabilizer contained in the synthetic resin emulsion, based on the weight ratio of the foaming surfactant to the cement. The amount is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight. This is because if it is less than 0.05 parts by weight, a sufficient foaming effect cannot be obtained, and if it is added more than 1.5 parts by weight, the amount of bubbles becomes too large and a high-strength adhesive layer cannot be obtained. Although the adhesive layer is composed of the above-mentioned components, when actually manufactured, it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of water. However, since this water scatters when the adhesive layer is formed (drying), almost no water remains in the adhesive layer after the base material is completed. In the present invention, the surface of the base material, that is, the surface of the adhesive layer, may be in a substantially smooth state, or may be in a state in which some of the inherent pores (usually about 0.2 to 2.0 mm) are exposed. . In the case of exteriors where painting is applied directly to the surface of the base material,
Although a smooth surface condition may be preferable,
For applications such as mortar coating, it is preferred that the surface condition be such that some of the pores are exposed.
To obtain the latter surface condition, the surface of the adhesive layer may be ground by means such as brushing or sanding. As a result, the contact area of the surface to be adhered increases by several steps, and together with the anchoring effect of the mortar, the adhesion force is improved and cracks on the mortar surface are prevented. Grinding the surface of the adhesive layer by 0.1~
Removal of 0.5 mm is sufficient, but it does not matter which part of the layer containing the pores is removed as long as the pores are exposed on the surface. An example of such a base material is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In the figure. Reference numeral 1 is a substrate, and 2 is an adhesive layer. Since the present invention has the above-mentioned adhesive layer, the synthetic resin emulsion and the cement-rich layer produced on the substrate side have extremely strong adhesion to the substrate, and it is also highly waterproof, and has a porous layer on the surface side. The layer has excellent cutting workability and has appropriate heat insulation properties, so it can contribute to energy saving, so it has excellent effects not only on mortar-finished walls, but also on tile-finished walls, painted-finished base walls, etc. Especially when used on mortar base walls,
The upper layer of the adhesive layer has a high adhesion to the mortar, making it possible not only to construct a durable mortar wall, but also because there is no extreme unevenness on the surface, the thickness of the mortar can be reduced, and as a result, the amount of mortar required for construction can be reduced. It also has the effect of reducing the amount of materials required and shortening the period required for construction. Examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 Adhesives having the composition shown in Table 1 were thoroughly stirred and mixed with a mortar mixer, and a slurry fluid mixture with a flow value of 270 mm was applied smoothly using a spreader using a 5 mm structural plywood as a substrate and left for 2 hours. After drying, it was force-dried using a hot air dryer at 105°C for 10 minutes, and then the surface was ground by brushing to 0.2 mm to obtain a base material. Physical property values are shown in Table 2. Example 2 Adhesives having the composition shown in Table 1 were thoroughly stirred and mixed using a mortar mixer, and a slurry fluidity mixture with a flow value of 300 mm was applied smoothly using a spreader using a 5 mm structural plywood as a substrate and allowed to stand for 2 hours. After drying, it was force-dried with a hot air dryer at 105°C for 10 minutes, and then the surface was ground by brushing to 0.2 mm to obtain a base material. Physical property values are shown in Table 2.

【table】

[Table] * This measurement was performed using a Ken/Ken type tensile testing machine.
** This measurement was based on JIS R-5201.
As can be seen from the description of the above examples, the architectural base material according to the present invention not only has excellent mortar adhesion, waterproof properties, and suitability for cutting, but also has excellent mortar adhesion, waterproof properties, and suitability for cutting. When the mortar was placed and used in actual construction, the workability of placing the mortar was good, and no surface cracks occurred in the mortar. Note that all of the above examples have a structure with a surface that exposes a part of the internal pores, but this is done in consideration of the use as a mortar base material, and the structure is smooth and smooth. In the case of applications such as gun spray painting using a base material with a similar surface condition, the physical property values such as adhesion to the base material, water permeability, and processing suitability in Table 2 apply as long as the composition is the same. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a sectional view thereof. 1...Substrate, 2...Adhesive layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 100 parts by weight of cement, 4 to 15 parts by weight of an aqueous emulsion of synthetic resin that has adhesive properties to the substrate, and 20 to 400 parts by weight of inorganic lightweight aggregate with low water absorption and apparent specific gravity of 0.5 or less. 1. A construction base material comprising an adhesive layer containing 0.05 to 1.5 parts by weight of a foaming surfactant and containing pores on a substrate. 2. The architectural base material according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer has a substantially smooth surface condition. 3. The adhesive layer has a surface state in which some of the inherent pores are exposed.
Architectural base material as described in Section 1.