JPH0116443B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an operation control device that appropriately controls the operation of a combine harvester that travels in a field, reaps grain culms planted in the field, and threshes the harvested grain culms. That is, the present invention aims to provide a novel operation control device for a combine harvester, which greatly improves the accuracy of harvesting operations using a combine harvester. Regarding the illustrated embodiment, the configuration of the combine harvester operation control device according to the present invention will be described. The combine shown in FIG.
Grain culms to be planted in a field are separated by a grass cutting board 2 at the forefront, and are raised by a grain culm lifting device 3 which is raised slightly backward from the position of the grass cutting board 2. Also, the planted grain culm is harvested at the base of the plant using the cutting blade 4 located behind the weeding plate 2, and the harvested grain culm is
A horizontal conveyance belt 5 and a vertical conveyance belt 6 on the plant side and the tip side,
7, the grain is conveyed to the threshing section 8 on the machine body,
Feed chain 9 along one side of threshing section 8
While transporting the harvested grain culm backwards, the tip side of the harvested grain culm is fed into the threshing section 8 for threshing, and the threshed grains are sorted and then transferred to the other side of the machine. As if it were received by Toppsatsuka 10,
The combine harvester is configured such that the feed chain 9 is provided with a rear upward extension portion 9a,
The present invention provides a combine harvester in which waste straw leaving the threshing part 8 is carried out by the extension part 9a, and an engine 11 constituting a driving source is mounted on the rear part of one side of the machine body. is implemented as follows. That is, for convenience of explanation, first, the configuration of the threshing section 8 in the illustrated combine harvester will be briefly explained with reference to FIG.
A handling barrel 13 is rotatably provided in the handling chamber 12 with its axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft. , the grains are separated from the tip of the harvested grain culm and threshed by a large number of handling teeth 14 installed thereon. Also in the handling room 12,
A plurality of dust-feeding valves 15 are supported so as to be adjustable in distance relative to the handling cylinder 13 by rotational displacement.
A dust feed valve 15 is provided to change and regulate the degree of dust discharge from the inside. The threshing section 8 is also equipped with a crimp net 16 located below the above-mentioned handling drum 13, and this crimp net 16 collects grains, fine straw waste, etc. from the threshed grains that are dropped onto the crimp net 16. The leakage material is discharged from the dust outlet at the rear end of the crimp net 16. From the bottom to the rear of the crimp net 16, a swing sorting mechanism is provided which includes a feed pan 17 from the front to the rear, a chaff sheave 18 and a grain sheave 19 arranged vertically in parallel, and a stroke rack 20. A winch 21 and a dust exhaust fan 22 are provided at the frontmost and rearmost positions of the inner lower part, respectively. The above-mentioned swinging sorting mechanism 17-20 is made to swing back and forth and up and down, and the feed pan 17 at the forefront of the mechanism moves the crimp net 1 along with the swinging.
While transporting the leakage from 6 backwards, heavy grains are sorted to the lower layer and light straw waste etc. to the upper layer. From the grains falling from the feed pan 17 to the chaff sieve 18, straw waste is further removed by the sorting air sent from the winnowing machine 21, and the above grains are
It is sorted again by passing through the chaff sieve 18, and from this chaff sieve 18, a finer grain sieve 19 is discharged. supplied to. Also feed bread 17
From the straw waste that is transferred from the straw to the straw rack 20 with the help of the windmill 21, as the straw rack 20 swings, grains mixed in are separated forward and transferred onto the chaff sheave 18. At the same time, the ear pieces and some of the grains are separated to the lower layer and supplied to the lower second port 24 through the through holes of the straw rack 20. In the swinging sorting mechanism shown in FIG. 2, an upper stroke rack 25 is provided above the stroke rack 20 described above, and the upper stroke rack 25 is swung to assist the sorting action of the stroke rack 20 described above. The plan is to encourage the removal of straw waste. Due to the action of the straw rack 20 itself, the suction wind of the dust exhaust fan 22, and furthermore the sorting wind from the winnower 21, the straw waste leaving the stroke rack 20 is discharged toward the rear of the machine from the No. 3 dust exhaust port 26. Ru. The grains supplied to the first port 23 as described above are conveyed toward the other side of the machine by the first conveyor 27 in the first port 23, and are transferred to the top feeder 10 by a grain frying conveyor (not shown). It will be done. Further, the ear pieces etc. supplied to the second port 24 as described above are returned to the handling chamber 12 by the second thrower 28 and are reprocessed within the handling chamber 12. In order to detect the degree of threshing sorting in the threshing section 8, the following sorting degree detector is provided.
That is, in the illustrated case, this detector is constituted by a grain loss detector 29 that detects the proportion of grains contained in the dust discharged from the third dust exhaust port 26, in other words, the amount of grain loss. As shown in FIG. 2, it is installed to hang down from the upper edge of the dust exhaust end of the third dust exhaust port 26 in a rearward downward direction. The grain loss detector 29 includes a piezoelectric element such as a piezoelectric ceramic disk, and is configured to output a voltage spike or voltage pulse in response to pressure when it receives pressure. Therefore, when the dust discharged from the third dust exhaust port 26 hits the surface of the detector 29 and receives pressure, the grain loss detector 29 generates a voltage pulse with a frequency and amplitude corresponding to the pressure. Output. Such voltage pulses naturally
The frequencies of the pulses P ₁ and P ₂ are different depending on whether the surface of the piezoelectric element is hit by grains or light straw waste, etc., as shown in FIG. 3. In order to see the sorting status from the amount of lost grains discharged as No. 3 waste, as shown in Figures 3 and 8,
A bandpass filter 30 connected to the main body of the Glen loss detector 29 and forming a part of the detector 29
However, it is provided. This band pass filter 3
0, as shown in Fig. 3, only the voltage pulse _P1 with a frequency corresponding to grains is filtered, and the voltage pulse _P2 corresponding to straw waste is cut and transmitted to the secondary side. do not have. As shown in Figure 8,
Connected to the bandpass filter 30 is an amplifier 31 for amplifying the voltage pulse P ₁ corresponding to the grain. A monomulti 32 is provided, which is turned on for a certain period of time when a voltage pulse is input, and outputs a rectangular voltage pulse having a certain frequency and amplitude. An integrator 3 connected to this monomulti 32 integrates the output pulse of the monomulti 32.
3 is provided, and an amplifier 34 is provided connected to this integrator 33.
A Glenn loss detection circuit C is formed by 9-34. As described above, the degree of threshing sorting in the threshing section 8 can be determined from the amount of grains in the third waste,
The grain loss detection circuit C outputs a voltage signal Vloss proportional to the amount of lost grains at its output terminal. FIG. 1-9 shows a first embodiment. In this first embodiment, the above-mentioned dust feeding valve 15 is activated in accordance with the voltage signal Vloss from the above-mentioned Glen loss detection circuit C. The operation of the combine harvester is controlled by adjusting the opening degree and the vehicle speed of the combine harvester. Here, the dust feeding valve 15 will be specifically explained. As shown in FIG. 4, the dust feeding valve 15 is
A plurality of dust feeding valves 15 are provided on the top wall 12a of the handling chamber 12, each rotatably supported around a vertical pin 35, and these dust feeding valves 15 are provided at the base end of each dust feeding valve 15 on the upper surface side of the top wall 12a. It is pivotally connected to the interlocking plate 36 by a vertical pin 37.
Therefore, when the interlocking plate 36 is moved forward and backward in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, the dust feeding valve 15 is rotated around the vertical pin 35, and this rotational displacement causes the dust feeding valve 15 to move upward and downward from the top of the handling cylinder 13. By changing the relative angle to the arrangement direction of the handling teeth 14, which are arranged in a spiral manner, and appropriately narrowing, fully closing or fully opening the dust exhaust passage between the handling teeth 14, The rate of dust discharged from inside the handling room 12 is regulated as appropriate. The dust feeding valve 15, the specific structure of which has been explained above, is configured to change and adjust its opening degree by displacing the interlocking plate 36 using a dust feeding valve adjustment lever 40 shown in FIG. . As shown in FIG. 5, a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 41 for operating a lever is provided, the end of which is pivotally supported on the fuselage, and a piston rod 41 of this hydraulic cylinder 41 is provided.
a to the dust-feeding valve adjustment lever 40 as shown in the figure to maintain the dust-feeding valve 15 at the standard opening degree.
The cylinder 41 is contracted by supplying hydraulic oil to the cylinder 41, and the lever 40 is rotated in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 5, thereby closing the dust feeding valve 15. The re-opening after the dust feeding valve 15 is closed is the oil chamber 41.
When the hydraulic oil is discharged from b, the lever operating hydraulic cylinder 41 is extended by the return spring 41c,
It is done. As shown in FIG. 5, a hydraulic pump 44 supplies hydraulic oil at a hydraulic pressure set by a relief valve 43 from an oil tank 42 to the oil chamber 41b of the lever operating hydraulic cylinder 41.
is provided, and the hydraulic oil supply by this hydraulic pump 44 is carried out between the pump 44 and the hydraulic cylinder 41.
This is selectively performed by an electromagnetic switching valve 45 between them. That is, the electromagnetic switching valve 45
is normally at the neutral position N shown in the figure under spring bias, that is, the neutral position N where both the oil chamber 41b and the hydraulic pump 44 are connected to the oil tank 42 and the hydraulic cylinder 41 is kept in the extended position, and by the excitation of the solenoid 46. a working position that is displaced;
It has an operating position where the hydraulic pump 44 is connected to the oil chamber 41b and the hydraulic cylinder 41 is contracted. Next, in the order of explanation, the configuration of the traveling drive section of the illustrated combine harvester will be explained. The drive wheel 47 that drives the crawler 1 receives rotational drive from the drive section inside the transmission case 48 shown in FIG. ,
The drive section within the transmission case 48 is constructed with a hydrostatic transmission shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a variable displacement hydraulic pump 49 driven by the engine 11 and a fixed displacement hydraulic motor 50 which are interlocked and connected in the direction of the drive wheels 47 are connected. The hydraulic pump 49 and the hydraulic motor 50 are connected by a pair of oil supply/discharge circuits 51 and 52 that form a closed circuit, and the angle of the swash plate 49a of the hydraulic pump 49 can be changed and adjusted by operating a speed change lever 53. The hydrostatic transmission is configured to change and control the oil discharge direction and discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 49, and thereby change and control the rotation direction and rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 50. It is set up. 6th
In the figure, 54 is a high pressure relief valve that sets the oil pressure of the high pressure side circuit in the oil supply and discharge circuits 51 and 52;
Reference numerals 55 and 56 are a pair of check valves that allow oil to flow only from the oil supply and drainage circuits 51 and 52 toward the high pressure relief valve 54, and 57 operates from the oil tank 58 to the oil supply and drainage circuits 51 and 52. An oil replenishment circuit for replenishing oil, 59 a charge pump inserted into the oil replenishment circuit 57 and driven by the engine 11 to replenish hydraulic oil, 60 a low pressure relief valve for setting the oil pressure of the oil replenishment circuit 57, 61; 62 are each
These are a pair of check valves that allow oil to flow only from the oil supply circuit 57 to the oil supply and discharge circuits 51 and 52. As shown in FIG. 7, a hydraulic cylinder 63 for lever operation is provided with the end of the cylinder body pivotally supported on the fuselage. 49a is connected to the shift lever 53 for operating the lever, so that the shift lever 53 can be rotationally displaced by the expansion and contraction movement of the lever operating hydraulic cylinder 63. And the hydraulic cylinder 63
In order to selectively operate the lever operating hydraulic cylinder 63, an oil supply circuit 66 that guides the hydraulic oil set at the relief valve 65 from the oil tank 58 by a hydraulic pump 64 toward the lever operating hydraulic cylinder 63; Oil supply and drainage circuits 67 and 68 connected to the extension oil chamber and contraction oil chamber of the cylinder 63, respectively.
An electromagnetic switching valve 69 as shown is provided between the two. This electromagnetic switching valve 69 connects the oil supply circuit 66 toward the oil tank 58 and blocks the ends of both oil supply and discharge circuits 67 and 68.
a neutral position N where the motor stops at a fixed extension/retraction position, and a speed increasing position where the solenoid 70 is energized and moved to, where the oil supply circuit 66 is connected to the oil supply/discharge circuit 67 and the oil supply/discharge circuit 68 is connected to the oil tank 58. , the lever operation hydraulic cylinder 63 is extended, and the speed change lever 53 is rotationally displaced in the direction of arrow B so that the angle of the swash plate 49a is increased in the normal rotation direction of the hydraulic pump 49. The operating position and the deceleration operating position moved by the excitation of the solenoid 71, in which the oil supply circuit 66 is connected to the oil supply and discharge circuit 68, and the oil supply and discharge circuit 67 is connected to the oil tank 58, and the oil pressure for lever operation is 3 positions N, a deceleration action position in which the cylinder 63 is retracted and the gear shift lever 53 is rotationally displaced in the direction opposite to the arrow B so that the angle of the swash plate 49a is decreased in the normal rotation direction of the hydraulic pump 49;
, is equipped with. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 72 denotes a lower limit speed regulating switch disposed within the rotation locus of the gear shift lever 53, and as described later, this lower limit speed regulating switch 72 is used for the control shown in FIG. It is incorporated into the circuit and the gear shift lever 5
3 rotationally displaces the pump swash plate 49a in the direction opposite to arrow B to a certain angle in the forward rotation direction of the hydraulic pump 49, the lever 53 is turned off and the vehicle speed in the forward direction of the aircraft is reduced. Regulate the speed so that it does not drop below a certain level. Further, in FIG. 7, reference numeral 73 is an electromagnetic short-circuit valve that selectively short-circuits both the oil supply and discharge circuits 67 and 68 between the electromagnetic switching valve 69 and the hydraulic cylinder 63 for lever operation. , normally takes the illustrated non-short circuit position U under the bias of a spring, and is moved to the short circuit position S by energizing the solenoid 74. A power source 75 and a manual switch 76 are connected to the solenoid 74, and when the manual switch 76 is turned on, the electromagnetic short circuit valve 73 is moved to the short circuit position S. In the short-circuit position S of the electromagnetic short-circuit valve 73, the speed change lever 53 can be freely operated manually. In addition, the solenoid 7 of the electromagnetic switching valve 69
0, 71 can be configured to be excited and magnetized by a manual switch, and the angle of the swash plate 49a can be changed by the hydraulic cylinder 63 even during manual operation.
Of course it is possible. In the first embodiment illustrated in Figures 1-9,
Voltage signal from the aforementioned Glen loss detection circuit C
According to the Vloss, both the electromagnetic switching valves 45 and 69 described above are displaced by the control circuit shown in FIG.
In addition to controlling the operation of the combine harvester, it also increases and decreases the vehicle speed of the combine harvester. Before explaining the configuration of the above-mentioned control circuit for this purpose, the control logic will be explained first. As shown in FIG. , and an underloss zone L having a smaller amount of loss than the proper loss zone M, and the upper and lower limits of the proper loss zone M are respectively set to the output voltage signal Vloss of the Glen loss detection circuit C described above. As shown in FIG. 9, the voltage corresponds to the appropriate zone upper limit voltage Vomax and the appropriate zone lower limit voltage Vomin. The three grain loss zones M, H, and L described above are a proper sorting degree zone, an insufficient sorting degree zone, and an overprecision zone, respectively, based on the sorting degree of grain threshing. As shown in Table 1 below, the control logic is assembled into three control areas to control the opening degree of the dust feed valve 15 and control the increase/decrease in vehicle speed.

[Table] To explain the specific circuit configuration with reference to FIG. 8, the output voltage signal Vloss of the Glen loss detection circuit C
The first comparator 77 is supplied to the positive input terminal, and the second comparator 77 is supplied to the negative input terminal.
A comparator 78 is provided, respectively. Then, by adjusting the power supply voltage to the negative input terminal of the first comparator 77 with the first and second variable resistors 79 and 80,
Introducing the above-mentioned appropriate zone upper limit voltage Vomax,
Further, the above-mentioned appropriate zone lower limit voltage Vomin is introduced into the positive input terminal of the second comparator 78 by further adjusting the voltage by lowering the voltage appropriately with the third variable resistor 81. Due to the above, the first
The comparator 77 determines that the output voltage Vloss of the Glen loss detection circuit C is the appropriate zone upper limit voltage.
When higher than Vomax (Vloss>Vomax), the excessive loss signal voltage Vh is output, and conversely, the second comparator 78 outputs the output voltage of the Glen loss detection circuit C.
One that outputs an underloss signal voltage V1 when Vloss is lower than the appropriate zone lower limit voltage Vomin,
It's summery. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8, the solenoid 46 of the electromagnetic switching valve 45 described above and the electromagnetic switching valve 6
Solenoids 70 and 71 of 9 are connected in parallel with surge absorbing diodes 82, 83, and 84, respectively, and are inserted into the control circuit with one end connected to the power terminal and the other end grounded. . On the ground side of each solenoid 46, 70, 71, an NPN transistor 85, 86, 8 whose emitter is grounded is connected.
7, the base of each transistor 85, 86, 87 is grounded via a pull-down resistor 88, 89, 90, so that each transistor 85, 86,
87 is always in the off state, and solenoid 4
No current flows through 6, 70, and 71. The control circuit illustrated in FIG. 8 also includes a first
A NAND circuit 91 and a second NAND circuit 92,
A first pulse generator 93 and a second pulse generator 94 are provided. And the first
A first comparator 77 is connected to the input side of the NAND circuit 91, both directly and indirectly via a monomulti 95. and is connected to the base of transistor 85. The monomulti 95 described above is configured to output a rectangular pulse for t seconds when the excessive loss signal voltage Vh is input from the first comparator 77. Further, to the input side of the second NAND circuit 92, the monomulti 95, which is connected to the first comparator 77, is connected via an inverter 98, and the first comparator 77 is directly connected. This second NAND circuit 9
The output side of 2 is connected via an inverter 99 to a first pulse generator 93, which is further connected via a resistor 100 to the base of a transistor 87. ing.
Furthermore, a second comparator 78 is connected to a second pulse generator 94 which is connected via a resistor 101 to the base of the transistor 86 . Considering the above circuit configuration, each of the transistors 85, 86, which is turned on by inputting a voltage signal to the base,
87 is turned on as shown in Table 2 below.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1.In addition to providing a sorting degree detector to detect the degree of sorting through grain threshing, an appropriate zone, an insufficient zone, and an over-precision zone for the degree of grain threshing are set, and depending on the output of the sorting degree detector, the degree of threshing is within the appropriate zone. A threshing unit operation control mechanism is provided to control the operation of the threshing unit so that the level of threshing is maintained at A combine harvester operation control system comprising a vehicle speed control mechanism that reduces the vehicle speed only when a threshing degree within the appropriate zone cannot be obtained even after a certain period of control operation of the threshing section operation control mechanism. Device.