JPH0123242B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a cutting tool used for cutting in a machine tool such as a lathe, and particularly relates to a cutting tool that reduces cutting power.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, a cutting tool in a machine tool receives cutting resistance from a workpiece (workpiece) during cutting, and a large amount of power is consumed by this.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in a conventional cutting tool, for example, a shank 2 as a cutting tool is fixed to a tool rest 1 of a lathe with a mounting bolt 3, and a tip 2a of this shank 2 is fixed to a tool rest 1 of a lathe. A blade part 4 made of a carbide chip is attached by brazing to the blade part 4.

Therefore, the above-mentioned cutting tool presses the outer circumferential surface of the rotating workpiece W by the cutting protrusion amount t, and also presses the cutting tool in the axial direction (lengthwise direction) of the workpiece W.
By multiplying the feed amount f by
can be cut to predetermined dimensions. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when cutting the workpiece W with a feed amount f using the single blade portion 4, a feed component force (cutting resistance force) Fγ in the opposite direction to the feed amount f is applied. receive.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
is the feed component force as a reaction force to the feed amount f
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the shank 2 by the inclined cutting tool with the blade portion 4 inclined downward to the right receives a feed component force Fl in the same direction as the feed amount f. .

Further, the absolute value of the inclination angle α of the blade portion 2 is 0 to
The range is 90°, and the larger this angle of inclination α is, the more
The feed forces Fγ and Fl also become large, and the inclined cutting tool requires larger feed forces Fγ and Fl than a normal cutting tool without an inclination. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, two cutting tools may be used in the tool post 1 in order to increase cutting efficiency.

That is, in another specific example shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
A rough machining blade part 4a and a finishing blade part 4b are attached at substantially the same angle of inclination.

This allows rough cutting and finishing cutting to proceed simultaneously by feeding in the same direction, but in this case, compared to the specific example of one cutting tool mentioned above, The feed component force Fγ is approximately doubled, and a feed power corresponding to this is required.

In general, the finished surface roughness (R max) is
From the relational expression between the feed amount (f) and the nose R (γ) of the cutting tool, it is expressed as R max≒f ² /8γ.

Therefore, in order to obtain a good finished surface, it is necessary to reduce the feed amount f or to increase the nose radius of the cutting tool.

However, in the other specific examples mentioned above, the preceding rough machining blade part 4a and the following finishing blade part 4b
and are fixed to the same tool post 1, if the feed rate f of the cutting tool is reduced, the cutting efficiency due to rough machining will decrease, making it difficult to satisfy both machining efficiency and finished surface roughness at the same time. It is.

On the other hand, in another conventional example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an inclined taper part 2b is formed at the tip 2a of the shank 2, and the blade part 4 is attached to the presser member 5 on this taper part 2b. Therefore, the cutting tool is removably fixed, and as shown in FIG.
When cutting by tilting the tool by an angle α, there are disadvantages such as an increase in the feed force Fγ compared to a normal cutting tool.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is provided with at least one or more shank in the tool rest, and each blade part inclined in opposite directions is attached to the tip of the shank. The present invention provides a cutting tool that reduces cutting resistance by offsetting each other when cutting a workpiece, and also aims to save energy during cutting.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention provides a tool rest with at least one or more shank, and each tip of the shank is provided with each blade portion inclined in opposite directions, and the blade portions are provided with blades inclined in opposite directions. The cutting protrusion of the blade is formed to be shorter than the cutting protrusion of the trailing blade, thereby reducing the cutting resistance by offsetting each other, thereby saving power.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to an illustrated embodiment.

It should be noted that the present invention will be described with the same reference numerals attached to the same constituent members as in the above-described specific example.

In FIGS. 9 and 10, reference numeral 1 denotes a tool rest for a machine tool such as a lathe, and two shank 2 are detachably attached to this tool rest 1 by means of respective mounting bolts 3. It is installed,
Each tip 2a of each shank 2 is provided with blade portions 4a and 4b inclined in opposite directions, and the cutting protrusion of the blade portion 4a for rough machining preceding in the feeding direction is provided. The amount is formed to be shorter than the cutting protrusion amount of the finishing blade portion 4b that follows.

In other words, the leading rough machining blade 4a has a higher angle in the cutting direction than the trailing finishing blade 4b.
It is fixed by being shortened by the cutting protrusion amount _t2 .
Further, the inclination angle α ₁ of the leading blade part 4a is set within the range of -30 to -70°, and the inclination angle α ₂ of the trailing blade part 4b is set within the range of 30 to 70°. has been done.
Furthermore, the leading blade part 4a is cut by a cutting depth t ₁ from the surface of the workpiece W, and the trailing blade part 4b
has cut by the above-mentioned cutting protrusion amount t ₂ , so the double-edged portions 4 a and 4 b of the above-mentioned both shank 2 are inclined in opposite directions, and furthermore, are (t ₁ + t ₂ ) from the surface of the workpiece W. It is designed to be able to cut to a depth of .

Therefore, now, the work W with the diameter D ₀ is cut to the diameter D ₁ (=D ₀ −2t ₁ ) of the work W using the cutting depth t ₁ of the cutting blade 4a for rough machining, and then , the work W is finally cut to a diameter D ₂ (=D ₁ −2t ₂ ) by the cutting depth t ₂ of the finishing blade portion 4b. In this case, chips fall to the lower right in the preceding shank 2 where the blade portion 4a is inclined downward to the right;
The blade portion 4b falls to the lower left in the trailing shank 2 with a downward slope to the left. Also, when cutting, the depth of cut is
The rough cutting blade portion 4a is larger than the finishing blade portion 4b. In other words, by setting the relationship between the depths of cut so that t ₁ > t ₂ , the finishing accuracy of the finished surface is improved, and on the other hand, the double-edged portions 4 a and 4 b of both shank 2 are opposite to each other. Since they are inclined in the direction of , the cutting forces cancel each other out, thereby saving power. That is, both shank 2
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the cutting resistance caused by the double-edged portions 4a and 4b is in a direction that cancels out the directions in which the respective feed component forces Fγ and Fl act with respect to the feed direction f. In other words, a rightward feeding force Fγ is generated in the downward leftward blade portion 4b, and a leftward feeding force Fl is generated in the rightward downward downward blade portion 4a. In addition, when the absolute value of the inclination angle α is in the range of 0 to 90°, the larger the angle, the larger the feed force Fγ, Fl becomes, and the inclined blade parts 4a, 4b has a larger feeding force.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the respective feeding forces Fγ and Fl act in directions that cancel each other out, so that the cutting resistance is reduced and the two shank 2 are The power required to move the fixed turret 1 is saved.

Next, in another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, two shank 2 are integrally formed, and the tip portion 2a of this shank 2 is formed by branching into two parts. , blade portions 4a and 4b inclined in opposite directions are attached to both tip portions 2a, and the cutting protrusion of the trailing blade portion 4b is adjusted to the cutting protrusion amount of the leading blade portion 4a with respect to the feeding direction. It is formed to be shorter than the total protrusion amount, and has the same configuration as the specific example described above.

On the other hand, in another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the tip 2 of one shank 2 is
Each blade part 4a, 4b inclined in the opposite direction to a
In addition, the cutting protrusion amount of the leading blade portion 4a in the feeding direction is formed to be shorter than the cutting protrusion amount of the trailing blade portion 4b, and each blade portion 4a of the above-mentioned specific example is , 4b, the blade portions 4a, 4b of this specific example are formed to be inclined in opposite directions, thereby making the entire shank smaller. Moreover, FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate the relationship between the feed component forces Fγ and Fl in the specific examples shown in FIGS. 15 and 16,
This is the same content as the specific example described above.

Next, in another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, each shank 2 is fixed to a tool rest (not shown) facing the workpiece W, and Each blade part 4a, 4b inclined in opposite directions is attached to the part 2a, and the cutting protrusion of the blade part 4b follows the cutting protrusion amount of the preceding blade part 4a with respect to the feeding direction. It has the same structure as the specific example described above, so that the feed component forces Fγ and Fl act in directions that cancel each other out during cutting. This reduces cutting resistance.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 21 uses the cutting tool shown in FIG. , the radius of curvature R of the inner diameter of the workpiece W
The curved blade part is created with a radius of curvature S smaller than that of the curved blade part. Further, in this specific example, the end face can be cut using a normal lathe or a vertical lathe.

On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 22 is applied to cutting processing by boring work, and a pair of shank 2 is provided on a rotating tool post 1 so as to protrude in the diametrical direction. Each blade portion 4 inclined in opposite directions is provided at the tip portion 2a of both shank 2.
a, 4b are attached, and the cutting protrusion amount of the preceding blade portion 4a in the feeding direction is formed to be shorter than the cutting protruding amount of the trailing blade portion 4b.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the tool rest 1 is provided with at least one or two or more shank 2,
The tip portion 2a of this shank 2 is provided with blade portions 4a and 4b inclined in opposite directions, and the blade portion follows the cutting protrusion amount of the blade portion 4a which precedes in the feeding direction. Since it is formed to be shorter than the cutting protrusion of the blade 4b, the feeding forces Fγ and Fl caused by the respective blade parts 4a and 4b are reduced by canceling each other out, so that the cutting resistance is reduced. , it has excellent effects such as being able to save energy and being simple in structure and easy to handle.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional cutting tool, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the action of the cutting tool, and FIG. 5 is a conventional cutting tool. 6 is a front view of the same as above, FIGS. 7 and 8 are respective slope views of other conventional cutting tools, and FIG. 9 is a slope view of a cutting tool according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same as above, FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining the operation of the present invention, and FIG.
Figures 22 to 22 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Turret post, 2...Shank, 2a, 2b...Tip part, 3...Mounting bolt, 4a, 4b...Blade part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The tool rest is provided with at least one or two or more shank, and the tip of the shank is provided with each blade part inclined in directions opposite to the feed direction so as to cancel cutting resistance, and A cutting tool characterized in that the cutting protrusion amount of the preceding blade portion is formed to be shorter than the cutting protruding amount of the trailing blade portion.