JPH0126774B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to bulge processing in which a portion of a tube is bulged in a mold by internal pressure and axial load to form a desired shape.

BACKGROUND ART Bicycle parts such as various pipe joints, hanger lugs, and head lugs have been conventionally formed by a method called a hydraulic bulge process. This hydraulic bulge processing method is a plastic processing method in which a material tube is held in a split mold, and high hydraulic pressure is applied to the material tube, as well as an axial compressive load to bulge a portion of the material tube. .

Fig. 1 shows an example of a conventional device for performing such hydraulic bulge processing. Pistons 4a, 4b are pressurizing pistons 5a, 4b of pressurizing cylinders 9a, 9b,
5b is a packing cylinder, 6 is a hydraulic pump, 7 is a high-pressure fluid introduction hole, 8 is a pressure booster, 10 is a hydraulic pump, and 12 is a hydraulic pressure generator.

Briefly explaining how to perform bulge processing using such a device, first, a material tube is inserted into the upper and lower split molds 2a and 2b, and the mold clamping piston 3 of the mold clamping cylinder 11 is pressed. Then, the split molds 2a and 2b are held together. Next, the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 6 is supplied to the packing cylinders 5a, 5b, and the pressurizing pistons 4a, 4b are advanced, and the tips of the pressurizing pistons 4a, 4b are pressed against both end surfaces of the material tube 1. and seal. In this state, the high pressure liquid generated by the hydraulic pump 10 and the pressure booster 8 is supplied into the material tube 1 from the high pressure liquid introduction hole 7, and the pressure liquid generated by the hydraulic pump is supplied to the pressurizing cylinders 9a, 9b and the packing. - It is supplied to the cylinders 5a and 5b, and compresses the material tube 1 in the axial direction to expand it into a predetermined shape.

In the case of the hydraulic bulge processing device as described above, the hydraulic pressure P applied inside the material tube 1 acts on the end surfaces of the pressure pistons 4a and 4b, causing the pressure pistons to move (1).
It will be pushed back with the load shown in the formula.

F ₀ = π/400D ²・P ...(1) Here, F ₀ : Reaction force generated by liquid pressure (Kg) D : Inner diameter of material pipe (mm) P : Fluid pressure applied inside material pipe ( Kgf/
cm ² ) This load increases as the diameter of the material pipe to be formed increases.
It becomes very large, for example, the inner diameter of the material pipe is 400 mm,
When performing bulge processing with a hydraulic pressure of 1000Kgf/ ^cm2 , the load is
It will be around 1260 tons. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a load that balances this load with the pressure cylinders 9a and 9b, and when combined with the load applied to the material tube 1, the pressure cylinders 9a and 9b have the ability to generate a very large load. The disadvantage was that the equipment cost was extremely high.

In addition, when forming many bulges 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d on the material tube 1 as shown in FIG. Mold 2a, 2b or
With the mold clamping piston 3 that moves only upwards and downwards, it is impossible to remove the processed pipe from the mold after molding, so it has been impossible to perform molding.

Furthermore, in the conventional hydraulic bulge processing apparatus, the material tube 1 is carried into the split molds 2a and 2b.
Alternatively, the method of transporting the processed pipes from the split molds 2a and 2b after forming has been carried out manually or by cranes, etc., which has drawbacks such as taking a long time to bring in and take out the material pipes and reducing processing efficiency. Was.

An object of the present invention is to facilitate the carrying of a material pipe into a split mold or the carrying out of a processed pipe from a split mold.

The present invention provides a split mold and a restraining cylinder for clamping the split mold so as to be movable in the horizontal direction. A mandrel that can be inserted into the material tube is provided at the tip of the rod that contacts one end, and this mandrel is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction,
The present invention is characterized in that a support device is provided at the bottom of the split mold for transporting the material tube between the inside of the split mold and the lower part of the split mold.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9. FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic bulge processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Split mold 2 with tapered surface finish on the outer periphery
The hydraulic bulge processing device, which bulges out a part of the gap 1 inserted into the blanks 1 inserted in c, 2d, 2e, and 2f, and forms it into a desired shape, has a tapered surface finish on the inside and each part that restrains the split mold. A restraining cylinder 14 and a cylinder 15 for moving the restraining cylinder that holds the restraining cylinder 14.
a mandrel 16 that is inserted into the material tube 1 and has a high-pressure liquid introduction hole 7; and a pressure cylinder 9 that applies an axial compressive load to the material tube 1 via the pressure piston 4 and the pressure rod 17. , a rod cylinder 1 for moving the mandrel 16 in the axial direction.
8, a fixing rod 19 for preventing the mandrel 16 from shifting, a stopper 20 that fits into the fixing rod 19, a stopper cylinder 21 for inserting and removing the stopper 20, and a holding frame for receiving the reaction force of the device. It is composed of 22.

Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows a view from A to A in FIG.
c, 2d, 2e, 2f in the radial direction, and the mold cylinder 26.
a mold support stand 27 that holds the mold support stand 27;
a support roller 28 that holds the restraining cylinder and moves on the holding frame 22; a restraining cylinder support stand 29a that holds the restraining cylinder 14; and a support that holds the restraining cylinder support stand 29a and moves on the holding frame 22. roller 2
9. Note that 24 in FIG. 3 is a seal ring. Further, in this embodiment, axial compression is performed using a pressurizing cylinder 9 provided only on one end side. The left side of the mandrel 16 is a pressure receiving rod corresponding to the pressure rod 17, that is, a pressure rod. Furthermore, the holding frames 22 are provided on the left and right sides when viewed from the axial direction of the material tube 1. A mold cylinder 26 for dividing the split mold 2 is provided facing in the radial direction. In particular, the mold cylinder 26 for dividing the lower molds 2c and 2f is the mold 2c and 2f.
is installed to move horizontally. This reduces the height of the device. As shown in FIG. 6, between the divided molds 2c and 2f, there is a material pipe (processing pipe) 1 and an arm 3 of the support device.
A mold cylinder 26 is provided so as to provide a space through which the metal mold 6 passes.

In FIG. 6, a device for carrying in and out a material tube (processed tube) 1 is provided below this bulge processing device. The lower surface of the bulge processing device is open, and the arm 36 can be raised and lowered. Details of this loading/unloading device will be described later.

The procedure for bulge processing in such a configuration will be explained below.

First, before the material tube 1 is set in the split mold 2, the situation is as follows.

The rod of each cylinder 15 is retracted, and each restraining cylinder 14, 14 is removed from the split mold 2. The rod of the mold cylinder 26 is retracted, and each of the split molds 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f is split radially outward. The stopper 20 of the cylinder 21 is retracted. The cylinder 18 moves the fixing rod 19 backward, so that the tip of the mandrel 16 is positioned to the left of the left end of the split mold 2. The cylinder 9 also retracts the pressure rod 47. The mold support stand 27 is placed at a predetermined position.

In this state, the material tube 1 is placed on the arm 36 and carried into the split mold 2.

Next, the rod 19 is advanced using the cylinder 18, and the mandrel 16 at the tip thereof is inserted into the material tube 1. This prevents the material tube 1 from falling even when the arm 36 is lowered. Subsequently, the mandrel 16 is advanced, and the cylinder 9
The pressure rod 17 is advanced and the tip of the mandrel 16 is inserted into the pressure rod 17.

Next, the arm 36 is lowered.

Once the support has been lowered, the cylinder 26
is operated to move each mold toward the axis, forming one split mold 2. As a result, the material tube 1 becomes the split mold 2.
is set within.

Next, operate the cylinder 15 to
4 and 14 are advanced toward the center of the split mold 2 and brought into contact with the tapered surface.

Also, by operating the cylinder 21, the stopper 20
is inserted into the groove of the rod 19 to prevent the rod 19 from retreating.

In this state, pressure liquid generated by a water pressure pump (not shown) is supplied into the material pipe 1 from the high pressure introduction hole 7 to exhaust the air inside the material pipe, and then the pressurized rod 1
7 is pressed against the end surface of the material tube 1 by the pressure piston 4 to seal it.

Finally, the high pressure liquid is introduced into the material pipe 1 from the high pressure liquid introduction hole 7.
At the same time, high pressure liquid is also supplied to the pressurizing cylinder 9 to compress the material tube 1 in the axial direction.

As a result, the material tube 1 swells into a predetermined shape.

The material tube 1 after the swelling process is removed from the split mold 2 in the following manner.

First, the cylinder 9 is used to retract the pressure rod 17.

Next, the rod of each cylinder 15 is retracted and each restraining cylinder 14, 14 is completely removed from the split mold 2 in the left-right direction. The restraining cylinders 14, 14 are rollers 29
Since it is supported by the holding frames 22, 22 via the support frame 22, it will not fall. Next, the rods of each cylinder 26 are contracted and the molds 2c, 2d, 2e, and 2f are moved outward to break the split mold 2. Even if the split mold 2 is broken, the material tube 1 is supported by the mandrel 16 and will not fall out.

Next, the arm 36 is raised to support the material tube 1.

Next, the rod of the cylinder 21 is retracted and the stopper 20 is removed from the groove. And cylinder 1
Fixing rod 19 can be removed by shortening rod 8.
is horizontally moved to the left together with the mandrel 16, and the mandrel 16 is removed from the inside of the material tube 1.

Thereafter, the arm 36 supporting the material tube 1 is lowered and the processed material tube is extracted out of the processing device.

As described above, the split mold 2 is divided so as to provide a passage space for the material pipe (processed pipe) 1 on the lower side, and the arm 36 of the support device on which the material pipe (processed pipe) 1 is mounted is raised and lowered. The material tube 1 is carried in and out.

When transporting, the mandrel 16 is inserted into the raised material tube 1 to support the material tube 1,
Thereafter, the split molds 2 are matched, and the restraining cylinder 14 is advanced to perform mold clamping. Therefore, the material tube 1 can be easily fed into the split mold and can be automated.

Furthermore, when carrying out, even if the split mold 2 is divided, the material tube (processed tube) 1 is supported by the mandrel 16 and does not fall, so the arm 36 can be raised to transfer and then lowered. Therefore, unloading can be carried out easily and can be automated. Further, since the material tube 1 is supported by the arm and lowered, the sound of the material tube 1 falling when the split mold 2 is opened can be prevented.

In addition, if the split mold is divided into many parts, it will be difficult to shrink the mold, but the shaft end of the split mold 2 is tapered and a restraining cylinder 14 that matches this is provided.
Since the shaft end of the split mold 2 is inserted into the mold for shrinking the mold, centering and shrinking can be easily performed.

In addition, the mold clamping force for the split mold 2 is the restraint cylinder 1
4 does not come out of the split mold 2, the restraining cylinder 1
Since the rigidity of the cylinder 26 can bear the burden, a large force is not required.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
e and 2f are automatically opened and closed by a mold cylinder 26 attached to a mold support stand 27. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to mold the bulge part 13 in a complicated shape on the raw material tube 1, and in addition, the split molds 2c, 2d, 2e, 2
The clamping of the mold f and the removal of the processed pipe from the mold after molding can be carried out in a short time, allowing for extremely efficient processing.

Further, a mandrel 16 is inserted into the material tube 1. Therefore, the time for supplying high pressure liquid into the material tube 1 can be shortened.

In addition, pressurize the tip of the mandrel 16 with the pressure rod 14.
The pressure rod 17 is inserted into the pressure rod 17 through a seal ring 24, thereby reducing the area on which the hydraulic pressure P acts on the end surface of the pressure rod 17. As a result, the load F ₀ that pushes back the pressurizing piston 4 is also expressed by equation (2), and can be made smaller than the conventional bulge machining device shown by equation (1).

F ₀ = π / 400 (D ² - D ₀ ² ) P ... (2) where D ₀ : Outer diameter of mandrel (mm) For example, when performing bulge processing with a pipe diameter of 400 mm and a hydraulic pressure of 1000 Kgf/cm ² , If the outer diameter of the mandrel 16 is 380 mm, this load will be approximately 123 tons, which is much smaller than the load calculated using equation (1).
Therefore, the capacity of the pressurizing cylinder 9 can be made smaller compared to conventional hydraulic bulge processing equipment.
Equipment costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 5, the mandrel 16 inserted into the material tube 1 is attached to the end of the fixing rod 19 with a tie rod 30 so that it can be easily replaced depending on the inner diameter of the material tube 1 to be processed. It's becoming like that.

Next, the loading/unloading device for the material tube 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9.

In FIG. 6, 31 is a tilted table;
2 is an arm, 33 is an arm lifting cylinder, 34
35 is a track, 36 is an arm, 37 is an arm lifting cylinder, and 38 is a truck moving cylinder.

This will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 7, 8, and 9. First, the rod of the arm lifting cylinder 33 is advanced, and the lever 39 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As a result, one end of the arm 32 is lowered, and the material tube 1 placed on the inclined table 31 rolls on the table and the arm 32
When the arm 32 is further lowered, the one end 32a of the arm 32 enters the space of the cart 34, and the material tube 1 on the one end 32a is placed on the cart 34.
Listed on 4. In this case, the next material tube 1a placed on the table 31 is placed on the other end 3 of the arm 32.
2b is raised to hold it and prevent it from rolling down on the table.

The truck 34 carrying the material tube 1 moves along the track 3 to the position of the arm 36 by advancing the rod of the truck moving cylinder 38, as shown in FIG.
Move over 5. At this time, since the arm 36 is lowered, the tip of the arm 36 enters the space of the cart 34 and is located below the material tube 1.

Next, in FIG. 9, the arm 3 is moved forward by advancing the rod of the arm lift cylinder 37.
6 in the direction of the arrow, and place the material tube 1 into the open split molds 2c, 2d, 2e, and 2f. The subsequent operations are as described above.

As mentioned above, split molds 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f
By providing a means for transporting the raw material tube 1 into the pipe or transporting the formed processed pipe from the split molds 2c, 2d, 2e, and 2f, bulge processing can be carried out continuously and efficiently, significantly shortening processing time. This makes the work more efficient. Furthermore, the configuration of the device can be simplified. During removal, the material tube does not fall from the split mold, so it is not damaged and noise generation can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the pressure medium is liquid, but in principle it may be rubber or gas.

As described above, the present invention opens the split mold so that a space is provided on the bottom side of the split mold for the passage of the material pipe or the processed pipe, and applies axial compression to the material pipe while the split mold is open. The material pipe or the processed pipe is supported by the supporting member, and the supporting device on which the material pipe or the processed pipe is mounted is moved up and down between the lower part thereof and the inside of the split mold through the space, so that the material pipe or the processed pipe is moved into the split mold. This makes it extremely easy to attach the material tube and take out the processed tube from the split mold, and the structure can be simplified and automated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional hydraulic bulge processing device.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a bulge molded product with a complicated bulging shape, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a hydraulic bulge processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the mandrel portion shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is an overall view showing one embodiment of the means for carrying in and out the material pipe in the present invention, and FIG. The figure is an enlarged view of the main part before loading the pipe onto the trolley shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a diagram of the material pipe delivery state of the device shown in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is the
It is an enlarged view of another important part in the figure. 1...Material tube, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f...Split mold, 9...Pressure cylinder, 14...Restriction cylinder, 16...Mandrel, 17...Pressure rod,
18... Rod cylinder, 19... Fixing rod, 20... Stopper ring, 22... Holding frame,
26... Mold cylinder, 27... Mold support stand, 31... Table, 32, 36... Arm,
33, 37... Arm lifting cylinder, 34...
Cart, 35... Track, 38... Cart movement cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. This is for regulating the bulging shape of the material tube, and is installed with its axial direction as the horizontal direction, and when viewed from the axial direction, the molds on the left and right of the lower part are The molds on the left and right sides of the upper part are divided so that they can be moved in the radial direction, and when these four molds are combined into one, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft end is A split mold having a tapered portion that becomes smaller in diameter toward each shaft end, and four first cylinders that are installed in the direction of movement of each of the molds and connect the respective molds. a pressurizing rod that contacts one axial end of a horizontally arranged blank tube; and a second cylinder device that moves the pressurizing rod in the axial direction when compressing the blank tube in the axial direction. a mandrel that is in contact with the other shaft end of the material tube and can enter the inside of the material tube; and a tip of the mandrel is connected between the inside of the split mold and the outside of the split mold, which are combined into one. a moving means for moving the mandrel in the axial direction so as to move; a fixing means for fixing the mandrel so as not to move in the axial direction when compressing the material tube in the axial direction; an internal pressurizing device that pressurizes the inside of the material tube; two restraining cylinders having tapered holes that contact the respective tapered portions of the split molds combined together; moving the restraining cylinder located on the side of the second cylinder device between a state in which it is in contact with the tapered part of the split mold and a position axially outward from the shaft end of the split mold; a third cylinder device fixed to the side of the second cylinder device, and a state in which the other restraining cylinder is in contact with the other tapered portion of the split mold; A fourth member that is moved between a position axially outward from the shaft end of the mold and that is fixed to the side of the fixing means.
a pair of holding frames that are parallel to the axial direction of the material tube and installed on both sides of the restraining cylinder in the radial direction and support the fixing means and the second cylinder device; a restraining cylinder support stand protruding from the restraining cylinder toward the respective holding frames and movably supported by the holding frames; and a restraining cylinder support stand located outside the split mold when viewed from the axial direction of the split mold. a mold support stand that is movable in the axial direction and fixes the four first cylinder devices; the split mold; the pair of holding frames; It is installed below the mold support stand, and when the left and right molds at the bottom of the split mold are open, the inside of the split mold and the split mold are passed between the left and right molds. A bulge processing device consisting of a support device that horizontally transports the material tube between the bottom and the bottom.