JPH0127026B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention is a method for displaying photographs on the surface of ceramic plates such as ceramic plates, porcelain plates, glass plates, ceramic plates, etc. by sintering (vitrification) pigments for painting. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a formed photographic ceramic plate.

[Background technology] Photographs made by printing on general photographic paper are generally made by exposing one (three layers in the case of color) photosensitive agent layer formed on photographic paper in advance to light through a negative film to form a latent image. The method used is to develop the image in a developer, then stop the development, and desilver it with a fixer.However, in the case of photographs made by printing on general photographic paper, the color-forming components are originally from the photosensitizer. Because it is bonded and has photosensitivity, and because there are limits to the photosensitizer itself that can be used in the manufacturing process of photographic paper, and it oxidizes over time, the color development state inevitably changes as time passes. In other words, there was the problem of ``fading'' and it was almost impossible to maintain the same color tone for many years, and since the base material was paper, it could not be used for long-term preservation and display. I had a problem that I couldn't solve.

In addition, as a method of displaying photographs on ceramic plates such as ceramic plates or porcelain plates, a photograph printed on ordinary photographic paper (or photographic paper itself made extremely thin) is attached to the surface of the ceramic plate, etc. is laminated with a type of synthetic resin that is cured by ultraviolet rays,
A method of protecting the photograph is adopted, but in this case, the above-mentioned "photograph printed on photographic paper" is used.
However, it still had the same problems as described above, and the mere fact that the base material of photographic paper was made of a ceramic plate did not solve the problems mentioned above.

Next, by screen printing itself, or by using a transfer technique in which the transfer paper printed by screen printing or other printing techniques is transferred to a ceramic plate, and at this time, ink mainly containing decorative pigments is used. A photograph or pattern is formed on the surface of a ceramic plate, etc., and this is sintered (vitrified).
Various methods have been proposed in the past.
In the case of these conventional methods, the pigment for painting is sintered (vitrified) on the surface of the ceramic plate, so the coloring of the photograph or pattern is semi-permanent, and since the base material is also a ceramic plate, long-term storage is possible. By using this technique, the problem of ``photographs printed on photographic paper'' is solved, but for example, those using the screen printing method cannot be used for painting. Since printing is carried out using pigment-based ink through the mesh of the screen, the mesh can be clogged by the pigment used for painting, so it is necessary to perform a high degree of halftone dot resolution on the photograph or pattern, that is, to make the mesh of the screen sufficiently small. In addition, even when methods such as gravure printing are used, the ink containing the above-mentioned painting pigments does not cover fine dots and lines, so it is still necessary to perform a high degree of halftone resolution. However, even if this method can be put to practical use for something as simple as a picture, it is unreasonable to apply it to something that requires high resolution, such as a photograph. Since these printing methods use printing ink in which pigments are dispersed in a solvent, it is impossible to reduce the thickness of the printing layer below a certain level. Not only are the layers formed in a raised state, making it impossible to obtain a natural appearance as a photograph, but also, in the case of a color photograph, the resolution of halftone dots is poor, resulting in color that uses an optical illusion. In other words, there is a problem in that it is not possible to express intermediate tones and brightness, and it is necessary to prepare separate color plates for each color tone. Also, screen printing or transfer of printed matter is not used. Therefore, the manufacturing process and the equipment for it are large-scale, and although it is still suitable for mass production, in which the same photograph or design is to be displayed on many ceramic plates, it is not suitable for single-item or small-quantity production. In this case, there was a problem of further cost increase.

Furthermore, as a method of painting on ceramic plates,
There is a conventional technique shown in Publication No. 51-109915,
This conventional technology involves applying a substance whose adhesion to powder changes with radiation on the surface of ceramics, forming an adhesive pattern with radiation to adhere powder such as pigment, and firing this. ``By sintering a powder image onto ceramics,'' and although it has been disclosed that photographic technology is partially used when painting ceramics, it is not considered at all in general painting techniques. This is the most important thing in photographic technology. There is no disclosure of technology for reproducing intermediate tones and brightness, and this conventional technology cannot display photographs on ceramic plates. However, in such prior art, since a substance whose adhesion to powder changes due to radiation (hereinafter referred to as "changeable substance") is applied to the ceramic surface, " The "transformable material" layer becomes considerably thicker than the diameter of the powder, and for this reason, even if one were to consider using a photographic original plate with halftone resolution, in reality, such a photographic original plate could not be used to create an adhesive pattern. It is almost impossible to create a precise image like a photograph. That is, since the adhesion to powder occurs when its surface has semi-fluidity, when a substance has adhesion, it means that the substance becomes semi-fluid.
For this reason, when a thick layer of "variable substance" is formed on the ceramic surface using the "coating" technique as in this conventional technique, the powder sinks into this layer of "variable substance".
Powder may be dispersed within the "transformable substance" layer, or powder may overlap in many layers within this layer, and even on its surface, powder may adhere in many layers. As a result, blurring of outlines occurs, making it almost impossible to draw precise images, and it becomes unthinkable to use photographic originals that have undergone halftone dot separation. Not being able to obtain point precision also means not being able to obtain intermediate tones or intermediate brightness, which not only makes it impossible to take black-and-white or color photographs, but also requires repeated painting for each color. It requires a process, and is practically impractical for anything other than simple painting.

[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention is a "photograph" using a ceramic plate as a base material that enables long-term preservation and display, and a method similar to various printing methods in terms of dot separation. While adopting this method, the halftone dots used in halftone dot separation can be made as small as the original photographic film allows, improving clarity, and achieving the same degree of clarity and color tone as those printed on ordinary photographic paper. To provide a method for producing a photographic ceramic plate that has a "photographic" appearance that maintains the same color tone for a long period of time without the risk of fading, and that is easy to produce and can be manufactured at low cost. The purpose is to provide

[Disclosure of the Invention] Example 1 Figures 1 to 4 show a first example of the present invention. An ultra-thin film-like photopolymer layer 2 whose photosensitive or non-photosensitive areas become sticky is applied to the surface of a ceramic plate 1 such as a ceramic plate, porcelain plate, glass plate, ceramic plate, etc. 1st to laminate
a second step in which a negative or positive photographic original plate 3, which has undergone halftone dot separation in advance, is set in close contact with the ceramic plate 1 on which the photopolymer layer 2 is laminated and exposed; A third step is to powder-deposit a powdered painting pigment 4 having a desired color tone onto the photopolymer layer 2, which has become sticky at a desired portion.
and a fourth step of heating and firing the ceramic plate 1 in a kiln, removing the photopolymer of the photopolymer layer 2 by evaporation or incineration, and sintering the painting pigment 4 onto the surface of the ceramic plate 1. It is configured with the following. Here, the ceramic plate 1 is a ceramic plate, a porcelain plate, a ceramic plate, a glass plate, etc. In the case of a ceramic plate or a porcelain plate, even if an unglazed one is used, it does not stick to the surface like a tile. Although it is possible to use a glazed material, especially when using a ceramic board, there is an advantage that the thickness of the board itself can be used, as well as the fact that it is in a fairly high temperature state when taken out of the kiln. It has the advantage that it can be taken out without causing any cracks or the like even when it is cooled, and that it is particularly useful when using pigments with good color development during rapid cooling, and that it also improves productivity. In the following examples, an example in which a ceramic plate is used as the ceramic plate 1 will be described.

First, the first step will be explained. A very thin film-like photopolymer layer 2 is laminated onto a ceramic plate 1, for example, a ceramic plate, and the photopolymer layer 2 is made of a photopolymer whose photosensitive or non-photosensitive areas become sticky. Prepare a film body 6 as shown in FIG.
Using a laminating device 5 as shown in FIG.
The photopolymer layer 2 is attached to the surface of the ceramic plate 1, and lamination is performed on the surface of the ceramic plate 1. At this time, the polypropylene layer 8 provided as a release paper on the lower surface of the film body 6 is wound up by a take-up roller 11 in the laminating device 5, and the lower surface of the photopolymer layer 2 from which this polypropylene layer 8 has been peeled off becomes a ceramic plate. 1 surface, and a photopolymer layer 2 is laminated onto the ceramic board 1 surface. Here, polyester film layer 7
is for protection. Regarding the photopolymer layer 2, whether to use a type that makes the photosensitive area sticky or a type that makes the non-photosensitive area sticky is determined by the second step. It is determined whether the photographic original plate 3 in the process is a negative type or a positive type. Here, the laminating device 5 has a configuration as shown in FIG. The photopolymer layer 2 and the polyester film layer 7 that remain after being wound around the roller 11 are guided by the guide roller 14 and attached onto the ceramic plate 1, and then heat-pressed between the heat roller 15 and the pressure roller 16 to form the ceramic plate. Lamination is performed on the surface of the board 1. If a ceramic plate is used as the ceramic plate 1 here, it also has the advantage of better surface flatness than other plate materials.

Next, in the second step, halftone dot decomposition is applied in advance to the surface of the ceramic plate 1 on which the photopolymer layer 2 and the polyester film layer 7 are laminated, and thus onto the polyester film layer 7. The photographic original plates 3 thus prepared are aligned and placed in close contact with each other, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays as shown in FIG. 2b using a vacuum printing frame device 9 as shown in FIG. 2a. Here, the vacuum baking frame device 9 is
8 and a presser frame 19, the vacuum table 18 has a hollow chamber 20 inside, and this hollow chamber 20 is formed over almost the entire surface of the baqueum table 18, and the vacuum table 18 has a hollow chamber 20 therein. The work surface 21 on the upper surface of the work surface 18 is communicated with through communication holes 22 scattered over substantially the entire surface of the work surface.
In addition, the vacuum stand 18 is the vacuum pump 2.
3, and this vacuum pump 23
By operating this vacuum stand 18
The hollow chamber 20 inside can be vacuumed. Next, the presser frame 19 is pivoted at the rear of the vacuum table 18 so as to be openable and closable with respect to the work surface 21 of the vacuum table 18, and within the frame of the presser frame 19, which is formed as a square frame, a cover film is provided on the entire surface. 24
is installed. The cover film 24 is made of an elastic and flexible material that transmits ultraviolet light. Thus, during the exposure work, the ceramic plate 1 on which the polyester film layer 7 and the photopolymer layer 2 are formed is placed on the work surface 21 of the vacuum stand 18, and then the presser frame 19 is closed and the cover film 24 is The ceramic plate 1 is pressed down, and the presser frame 19 is connected and fixed to the vacuum stand 18 with a latch or the like. In this state, vacuum pump 23
to vacuum the air in the hollow chamber 20,
By reducing the pressure on the lower surface side of the cover film 24 of the presser frame 19, the cover film 24 is pressed against the surface of the ceramic plate 1 via the work surface 21 and the photographic original plate 3. Thereby, even if the ceramic plate 1 has some unevenness on its surface, the photographic original plate 3 can be brought into close contact with the surface of the ceramic plate 1. In this way, by using the vacuum printing frame device 9 as described above, the cover film 24 covers the photographic original plate 3 by the force of the vacuum pump 23. This brings the photographic original plate 3 and photopolymer layer 2 into close contact with each other, resulting in good ultraviolet exposure. In addition, the above-mentioned vacuum baking frame device 9
, the presser frame 19 is not an essential element, and when the cover film 24 is placed on the ceramic plate 1 on the work surface 21 and the vacuum pump 23 is operated in this state, the cover film 24 is placed on the work surface 21 side. The same effect as above can be obtained. Also, whether the photographic original plate 3 is a negative type or a positive type depends on the type of the photopolymer layer 2, that is, the type that becomes sticky when exposed to light or the type that hardens when exposed to light. The choice is made depending on whether you want to use either the type (originally sticky and only the non-exposed areas become sticky after exposure to light), as shown in Figure 2b. shows an example using the latter method, and assuming that the dark area of the photographic original plate 3 is the thick hatched area 3a in the figure, the photopolymer layer 2 can be irradiated with ultraviolet light in the direction of the arrow in the figure. Only the cross-hatched portion 2a becomes sticky. Furthermore, in the present invention, the photographic original plate 3 used is one that has been subjected to halftone dot separation by being shaded and exposed in advance. If the powder particle size is made sufficiently small, it is possible to perform halftone dot resolution as high as the performance of the photographic original plate allows.

After the UV exposure is completed in the second step in this way, the painting pigment 4 of the desired color tone is powder-deposited in the third step. That is, after the polyester film layer 7 is peeled off from the surface of the ceramic plate 1 that has completed the second step to expose the photopolymer layer 2, the pigment 4 for painting is applied to an appropriate applicator 25 and lightly powdered. Painting pigment 4 on areas that have become sticky due to exposure (or non-exposure)
The excess painting pigment 4 is removed by gently wiping. Here, generally painting pigment 4
There are two types of pigments, one for underpainting and one for overpainting.When using a ceramic plate 1 with a glaze already sintered on the surface like a tile, the pigment 4 for painting is for overpainting. However, in the case of this embodiment in which a ceramic plate is used, one for underpainting is normally used, but of course one for overlaying may also be used. Furthermore, by using as fine a powder as possible as the pigment for decoration 4, a better finish can be achieved. One of the features of this method is that it can be made as thin as the diameter of the powder particles of the decorative pigment 4, that is, it can be made so thin that the powder particles are lined up in a single layer.

After completing the third step, this is fired in a firing kiln in a fourth step to sinter the decorative pigment 4 onto the surface of the ceramic plate 1, but the firing in the fourth step is performed in a conventional manner. This is carried out in a well-known pottery or other kiln, and at this time the temperature inside the kiln is gradually raised, causing cracks and burst holes (when the photopolymer layer 2 evaporates) on the surface to which the painting pigment 4 is attached. The photopolymer layer 2 is removed by combustion or evaporation without causing any damage. Of course, for the purpose of obtaining a special effect, rapid heating may be performed to cause cracks or burst holes on the surface to which the painting pigment 4 is attached. In addition, the temperature inside the kiln is as follows:
The temperature is raised to about 700 to 850 degrees Celsius, and if the pigment 4 for painting is used for underpainting, an even higher temperature of about 1100 to 1300 degrees Celsius is used. By firing in the kiln for the required time, the photopolymer layer 2 is completely removed and only the painting pigment 4 is sintered on the surface of the ceramic plate 1 as shown in FIG. This ceramic plate 1 is gradually cooled in a firing kiln to form a finished product 26, but in this example, since a ceramic plate is used as the ceramic plate 1, cracks do not occur even if gradual cooling is not performed. It is also possible to take it out of the kiln while it is still scorching red.

Example 2 Next, an example will be described in which a photograph is displayed on the surface of the ceramic plate 1, which is an unglazed ceramic plate whose surface is not glazed. In this embodiment, the photopolymer layer 2 is laminated on the surface of the ceramic plate 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. After performing the first step of laminating the photopolymer layer 2 on the surface of the ceramic plate 1, an exposure device 28 capable of enlarging/reducing operations as shown in FIG. 6 is used to form a photographic original onto this. 3, and the light from the ultraviolet light source 29 passes through the photographic original plate 3 to the lens 3.
0 to form an image on the surface of the photopolymer layer 2, and the photopolymer layer 2 is exposed to light using the optical image formed on the surface of the photopolymer layer 2. Here, in this Example 2, the exposure may be performed by the contact printing method as in Example 1, and in this case, the polyester film layer 7 is peeled off after exposure, but in the method of this Example 2, Alternatively, the polyester film layer 7 may be peeled off and post-exposure may be performed. Thereafter, the third step is carried out in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, with the only difference being that a pigment for underpainting is used as the painting pigment 4. After this, the fourth
In the process, this ceramic plate 1 is fired in a kiln, and at this time, the temperature inside the kiln is about 1100 degrees Celsius to 1300 degrees Celsius because the pigment 4 for sketching is used. This is the same as in Example 1 in that the temperature inside the kiln is gradually raised, but in the case of Example 2, since unglazed ceramic plates are used, the temperature in the kiln is gradually increased during cooling. This is an essential requirement to prevent cracks in the board. In the case of Example 2, the finished product 26 may be made as it is, that is, in the state in which the pigment 4 for sketching is sintered. A protective layer 27 as shown in FIG. 6 may be further formed on the sintered layer. In this case, after completing the fourth step as described above, in the fifth step, a glaze is applied on the sintered layer of the decorating pigment 4 and on the surface of the ceramic plate 1 to form a protective layer. In the fourth step, the painting pigment 4 for the sketch is sintered, and then the fifth step is carried out, where it is sintered in a kiln at about 700 to 800 degrees Celsius. Fire.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention provides a photopolymer layer in which the photosensitive area or the non-photosensitive area has adhesive properties on a ceramic plate, a porcelain plate,
A step of laminating the photopolymer layer onto the surface of a ceramic plate such as a glass plate, a ceramic plate, etc.; a step of forming an optical image on the surface of the photopolymer layer using a photographic original plate subjected to negative or positive halftone dot resolution, and exposing the photopolymer layer to light; A step of dusting and adhering a powdered decorative pigment having a desired color tone onto the photopolymer layer made sticky by this exposure, and firing the ceramic plate in a kiln to incinerate or evaporate the photopolymer of the photopolymer layer. Since the ceramic plate is used as the base material for displaying the photograph, the base material itself can be used as a wall surface. It has the effect of enabling long-term preservation and display, such as being able to be put on display by directly fitting it into other fixed objects, and it also has the effect of making it possible to preserve and display photographs over a long period of time. Since this is done by sintering the surface, it not only eliminates the problems that would occur if the coloring agent itself is a photosensitizer, but also eliminates the risk of subsequent oxidation as the pigment for painting becomes vitrified by sintering. It has the effect of maintaining the initial clear color tone semi-permanently without fading during long-term storage. is removed from the surface of the ceramic plate by evaporation or incineration, so the photopolymer layer does not remain on the surface of the ceramic plate and impair the preservation of the exposed photograph on the photographic ceramic plate, and from this point of view, it has good preservation. Furthermore, the entire process itself is very simple and anyone can do it without requiring any skill, so it is highly productive and can be manufactured at a relatively low cost even when producing single items or small quantities. In addition, since it does not employ the so-called printing method, it only involves forming a light image on the surface of the photopolymer layer using a photographic master plate and exposing it to light. This has the effect that it is possible to produce photographs with extremely high clarity, as detailed as the film allows, and that the mechanical equipment is also simple. Moreover, in the present invention, an extremely thin film-like photopolymer layer is laminated on the surface of a ceramic plate, and the photopolymer layer is exposed to light so that the pigment for painting is powdered and adhered to the surface of the ceramic plate. The photopolymer layer can be made very thin, and therefore, when powdered painting pigment is applied to areas that have become sticky due to exposure to light, the powdered painting pigment may sink into the photopolymer layer. Pigment powder for painting will not be dispersed or adhered to multiple layers, and as mentioned above, when creating a photographic original plate, even if the halftone dot resolution is as fine as the film allows, it can be accurately reproduced. Moreover, since the photographic original plate with the halftone dots separated in this way is used to express (paint) the photograph directly on the ceramic plate, it can be used as a pigment for painting, which is not expected at all in the traditional field of painting technology. On the other hand, it is possible to easily reproduce intermediate tones and lightness, and therefore, even though painting pigments are used that are inherently opaque and cannot be mixed by layering, intermediate tones can be easily reproduced and do not differ from the original. This has the effect of making it possible to display photographs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1a and b are an enlarged perspective view of the main parts of a film body used in an embodiment of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the laminating process on a ceramic plate using a laminating device in the first step, and Figures 2a and b are respectively 2 of the above respectively
An enlarged sectional view showing the state of the ceramic plate with the photographic original plate aligned and closely placed on the vacuum printing frame device in the process of , and an enlarged sectional view of the main part showing the state of ultraviolet ray exposure. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part showing the state of powder adhesion of the painting pigment to the surface of the photopolymer layer in the process; FIG.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of main parts of a photographic ceramic plate which is a completed product according to Example 2 of the above, and Fig. 6 is a reduced front view of an exposure apparatus used in Example 2 of the same. 3 is a photopolymer layer, 3 is a photographic original plate, and 4 is a pigment for painting.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An ultrathin film-like photopolymer layer whose photosensitive or non-photosensitive areas become sticky is applied to the surface of a ceramic plate such as a ceramic plate, a porcelain plate, a glass plate, a ceramic plate, etc. a step of laminating, a step of forming an optical image on the surface of this photopolymer layer using a photographic original plate subjected to negative or positive halftone dot separation and exposing it to light, and a step of forming a desired color tone on the photopolymer layer that has become sticky through this exposure. a step of dusting and adhering a powdered decorative pigment having the following properties, and firing the ceramic plate in a kiln, removing the photopolymer in the photopolymer layer by evaporation or incineration, and sintering the decorative pigment onto the surface of the ceramic plate. A method for manufacturing a photographic ceramic plate, comprising the steps of: 2. A ceramic plate is heated gradually when it is fired in a kiln, so that removal of the photopolymer by evaporation or incineration does not have an adverse effect on the layer of decorative pigment that is being sintered. A method for manufacturing a photographic ceramic plate according to claim 1.