JPH0127236B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a double-glazed window that is attached to the outer wall of a building.

[Prior Art] A pair of see-through plates used in conventional double-glazed windows are both made of ordinary plate glass for windows.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above conventional example has the following problems.

In other words, window glass is advantageous in terms of letting in sunlight during the daytime in winter, but during the summer cooling season, window glass has a low absorption rate for sunlight, that is, high transmittance, so it passes through the window. This has the problem of a large amount of energy, resulting in a large cooling load, and cannot effectively prevent radiant cooling at night in winter.
On the other hand, there is a double-glazed window whose main purpose is to reduce the cooling load, as shown in FIG. 4, which is formed by a transparent plate 1 made of heat-absorbing glass and a transparent plate 2 made of ordinary plate glass. In this case, when the transparent plate 1 is placed on the outdoor side and the transparent plate 2 is placed on the indoor side, the long wavelength component (infrared rays) of the summer solar radiation Is is absorbed by the transparent plate 1, as shown in Figure a. Because of that,
Although it is advantageous in terms of reducing the cooling load,
After the short wavelength component of Is is absorbed by the transparent plate 1, it is emitted as infrared rays Is ₂ and Is ₃ , and the infrared ray Is ₃ that reaches the transparent plate 2 on the indoor side is absorbed by the transparent plate 2 made of ordinary plate glass. Therefore, the effect of reducing the cooling load is not very large.
Regarding solar radiation Iw in winter, when the transparent plate 1 made of heat-absorbing glass is placed on the outdoor side, as shown in Figure b, the amount of heat taken in decreases.
The effect of reducing the heating load is inferior to that of a multi-layered sheet glass, and furthermore, as shown in Figure c, when the transparent plate 1 made of heat-absorbing glass is placed on the indoor side, the long wavelength component Iw ₂ is reduced. All of this is absorbed by the transparent plate 2 made of ordinary plate glass, and only Iw ₄ is re-radiated to the outside, so although it is better than the case shown in Figure b, the effect of reducing the heating load is small. At night in winter, the heat rays from indoors will be at a low temperature regardless of whether the see-through plate 1 made of heat-absorbing glass is placed outdoors as shown in Figure d, or indoors as shown in Figure e. Almost all of the wavelength is long, and in this case, both heat-absorbing glass and ordinary plate glass absorb almost all of it and at the same time re-radiate the absorbed heat. from 2
Heat escapes by the amount of radiation of Iw ₅ .
In any case, conventionally, the transparent plate 1 is made of heat ray absorbing glass and the transparent plate 1 is made of ordinary plate glass.
The positional relationship between the
Once one of them was placed on the indoor side, it remained fixed in this position, and it was impossible to change the position depending on the season (that is, between summer and winter). Therefore, there was a problem in that products intended to reduce heating loads had a negative effect on the effect of reducing cooling loads, and products intended to reduce cooling loads had a negative effect on the effects of reducing heating loads. .

The present invention was invented in view of the above points, and its purpose is to reduce the cooling load by suppressing solar radiation in the summer, and to reduce the heating load in the winter. It is possible to provide double glazed windows.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The double-glazed window of the present invention has a transparent plate made of heat ray absorbing glass and a transparent plate made of ordinary plate glass facing each other, and one of the transparent plates faces the other transparent plate. A selective absorption film that transmits visible light and reflects infrared rays is added to the surface, and both transparent plates are reversibly attached to the window frame on the outer wall.By adopting such a configuration, This achieves the above-mentioned object of the present invention.

[Function] In other words, the radiation direction of long wavelength components (infrared rays) that are re-radiated after being absorbed by the transparent plate is controlled by a selective absorption film. The board is placed on the outdoor side, and the see-through plate made of heat-absorbing glass is placed on the indoor side during the winter.

[Examples] The present invention will be described in detail below based on illustrated examples. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 5 denotes an outer wall, 6 a window frame, and 7 a stile holding the transparent plates 1 and 2. This stile 7 is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 8. 9 is a sealing material. The frame 7 is held and emits visible light to the surface of one of the pair of transparent plates 1 and 2 with the hollow layer 3 interposed therebetween, which faces the other transparent plate 2, that is, the surface in contact with the hollow layer 3. A selective transmission film 4 that transmits infrared rays and reflects infrared rays is added, for example, a thin film formed by vapor deposition of tin oxide SnO ₂ or indium oxide In ₂ O ₃ . Furthermore, one of the transparent plates 1 and 2 is made of heat-absorbing glass, and has an absorption rate α ₁ of 0.4 for solar radiation.
The above is preferably 0.4 to 0.7, and the other is made of ordinary plate glass and has an absorption coefficient α ₂ of 0.4 or less, preferably 0.15 or less, and the first
In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 3, a selective transmission film 4 is added to a see-through plate 1 made of heat-absorbing glass.

Therefore, during the summer cooling season, as shown in FIG. 2a, the transparent plate 1 to which the selectively permeable membrane 4 is attached is placed on the outdoor side, and the transparent membrane 2 is placed on the indoor side. solar radiation
The long wavelength component (infrared rays) of Is is absorbed by the transparent plate 1, and most of it is reflected toward the outdoors by the selective transmission film 4 located on the indoor side of the transparent plate 1. In addition, the transparent plate 1 with high absorption rate not only absorbs long wavelength components but also short wavelength components and radiates infrared rays Is ₂ and Is ₃ to the outdoor side and indoor side, but this infrared ray Is ₃ The selectively permeable film 4 also reflects the light toward the outdoors. Thus, of the solar radiation Is,
The energy of the solar radiation Is that has passed through the selectively transmitting membrane 4 is considerably low, and the transparent plate 2, which is made of ordinary plate glass, is opaque to infrared rays, especially long waves of 3 μ or more, so the selectively transmitting membrane 4 is The long wavelength components of the transmitted infrared rays Is ₃ and solar radiation Is ₁ are absorbed by the transparent plate 2. In addition to the presence of the selectively permeable membrane 4, the transparent plate 1 has a high absorption rate, and the outdoor side of the transparent plate 1 and the hollow layer 3 side are affected by convection, so that the outdoor side has a higher heat dissipation effect. As a result, the amount of heat reaching the indoor side is considerably suppressed.

During the winter heating season, as shown in Fig. 2b, the rotation axis 8 is turned around by 180 degrees, and the transparent plate 2 with a low absorption rate is placed on the outdoor side, and the transparent plate 1 with a high absorption rate is placed on the outdoor side. It is located on the indoor side. In this state, heat radiation from the indoor to outdoor side is transmitted through the selectively permeable membrane 4.
blocked by. In addition, most of the solar radiation Iw passes through the transparent plate 2, which has a low absorption rate, becomes Iw ₁ , and then reaches the transparent plate 1.
leading to. The light energy absorbed by the transparent plate 1 with high absorption rate is transferred to the hollow layer 3 as infrared rays Iw ₂ and Iw ₃ .
The infrared rays Iw ₂ are reflected into the room by the selective transmission film 4. Since the hollow layer 3 is substantially sealed, almost no convection occurs, and therefore, on both sides of the transparent plate 1, the heat dissipation effect toward the indoor side where convection is effective is enhanced.

Figures 3a, b, and c show the same selectively permeable membranes 4 provided on the surface in contact with the hollow layer 3 of the see-through plate 2, which has a low absorption rate. Figure c shows the inside at night during the heating season. In this case as well, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
To explain about c in the same figure, the heat rays escaping from the room to the outdoors during indoor heating have long wavelengths due to their low temperature, and therefore are first absorbed by the transparent plate 1.
The heat rays Iw ₃ that are re-radiated from the transparent plate 1 and directed toward the outdoors are reflected by the selective transmission film 4 and return to the indoor side, and since heat radiation to the outdoors is blocked, the heating load is reduced. This has a large reduction effect.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, a see-through plate made of heat ray absorbing glass and a see-through plate made of ordinary plate glass are made to face each other, and a face of either one see-through plate faces the other see-through plate. We added a selective absorption film that transmits visible light and reflects infrared rays, and both transparent plates are reversibly attached to the window frame on the outside wall, so that in the summer, the transparent plate made of heat-absorbing glass can be installed on the outdoor side. By doing so, when the sunlight energy absorbed by the transparent plate made of heat-absorbing glass is radiated as infrared rays, it is radiated outdoors and indoors, but the infrared rays radiated indoors are reflected back to the outdoors by the selective transmission film. This can suppress the heat reaching the indoor side, greatly reducing the cooling load in the summer.Also, when heating in the winter, by inverting and installing a see-through plate made of heat-absorbing glass on the indoor side, Heat radiation from indoors to the outdoors is blocked by selectively permeable membranes, reducing the heating load during heating in winter, and most of the solar radiation passes through transparent plates with low absorption rates, and then heat rays are absorbed by heat-absorbing glass. However, the light energy absorbed by the transparent plate made of heat-absorbing glass tries to radiate heat to the outdoor side and indoor side as infrared rays, but the infrared rays that try to radiate heat to the outdoor side are selective. It is reflected by the transparent film, and therefore most of the heat is radiated indoors, which also reduces the heating load during winter heating. According to the present invention, as described above, the load reduction during summer cooling and the load reduction during winter heating can be achieved by a simple operation of reversing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, Figs. 2 a and b are explanatory views of the same operation, Fig. 3 a, b, and c are explanatory views of another embodiment of the above, and Fig. 4 a to e
1 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of a conventional example, in which 1 is a transparent plate, 2
4 is a transparent plate, and 4 is a selectively permeable membrane.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A transparent plate made of heat-absorbing glass and a transparent plate made of ordinary plate glass are placed facing each other, and a selective absorption film that transmits visible light and reflects infrared rays is provided on the surface of one of the transparent plates facing the other transparent plate. A double-glazed window made by attaching both transparent panels to the window frame on the outside wall so that they can be rotated freely.