JPH0129519B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a diesel light oil composition, and more particularly to a diesel light oil composition that is less likely to form particulate and has excellent storage stability. [Background of the Invention] Currently, in Japan, the emissions of HC, CO, NO, and black smoke are regulated for diesel engine exhaust gas. In contrast, in the United States, small diesel engines are regulated based on the exhaust weight of particulate matter instead. Note that particulate matter is particulates contained in exhaust gas, and its constituent components are hydrocarbon components with a relatively high boiling point that are generated by the partial combustion of carbon particles and fuel, so there are no measures to reduce particulate matter. At the same time, it is also important in relation to measures to reduce black smoke and HC concentration. As a measure to reduce particulate matter, a method is currently being devised to collect particulate matter by installing a ceramic filter in the middle of the exhaust pipe. However, this method has the disadvantage that particulate accumulates in the filter as the filter continues to operate, resulting in increased back pressure. Additionally, devices are being developed that automatically burn this accumulated soot using catalysts, burners, etc., but the control mechanism is extremely difficult, and there are additional problems such as an accompanying increase in weight and cost. Therefore, there has been a need for an easy and inexpensive method for reducing particulate matter. The present inventors focused on this measure to reduce patty yulate, and as a result of repeated research to invent a method to reduce paty yylate easily and without much cost, we first found that a specific paroxyethylene compound was required to be added to light oil. It was discovered that particulate matter in exhaust gas can be significantly reduced by using the added component as a fuel for diesel engines (Japanese Patent Application No. 107836-1983 (Japanese Patent Application No. 32837-1987)). However, subsequent research revealed that although a diesel gas oil composition obtained by adding the polyoxyethylene compound to diesel gas oil had an extremely excellent effect on reducing particulate matter in exhaust gas, there were some problems with its storage stability. It has been found that when the composition is stored for an extended period of time, sludge may form in some cases. Therefore, the present inventors improved the above-mentioned invention and conducted repeated research to develop a diesel light oil composition that has an excellent effect of reducing particulate matter in exhaust gas and also has excellent storage stability. The inventors have discovered that an excellent diesel light oil composition can be obtained by using a sorbitan ester in combination, and have completed the present invention. [Object of the present invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel light oil composition that produces less particulate matter in exhaust gas and has excellent storage stability. [Structure of the present invention] As an essential component for 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil, (A) General formula

[Formula] [In the formula, R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H, and X= When H, a is an integer from 2 to 15, and X=(-
CH ₂ CH ₂ O) - _b When H, a and b are a+b=
Each shows a positive integer from 2 to 15.
~2.0 parts by weight, and (B) general formula (R ₂ COO) - _c C ₆ H ₈ (OH) _4-c [wherein R ₂ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms, or c represents a positive integer from 1 to 3 respectively] The sorbitan ester represented by (A) component is
The present invention provides a diesel light oil composition in which 0.05 to 2.0 times the amount by weight is added. The contents of the present invention will be explained in more detail below. [Light oil of the present invention] Diesel light oil as used in the present invention is a petroleum fraction used as a fuel for diesel engines, and has a boiling point range of about 180 to 380°C,
Typical examples include No. 1 to No. 3 diesel oil specified in JISK2204. [Polyoxyethylene compound of the present invention] The polyoxyethylene compound of component (A) in the present invention has the general formula

It is a compound represented by the following formula. In the formula, R ₁ is the number of carbon atoms
12-18 alkyl group or alkenyl group, X is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H, and when X=H, a is an integer of 2-15, X=(-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b When H, a and b are a
+b=positive integers from 2 to 15 are shown, respectively. That is, the polyoxyethylene compound as used in the present invention includes compounds represented by the following two general formulas. (1) R ₁ −NH(—CH ₂ CH ₂ O)— _a H [In formula (1), R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a is an integer of 2 to 15, respectively. ] (2)

[Formula] [In formula (2), R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a and b are a+b=2
-15] In formulas (1) and (2) above, the alkyl group and alkenyl group represented by R ₁ are specifically, for example, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group. group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group, dodecenyl group, tetradecenyl group, hexadecenyl group, octadecenyl group, dodecadienyl group, hexadecadienyl group,
Examples include octadecadienyl group, octadecatrienyl group, octadecatetraenyl group, and the like. [Sorbitan ester of the present invention] The sorbitan ester of the component (B) in the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula (R ₂ COO) - _c C ₆ H ₈ O(OH) _4-c . In the formula, R ₂ represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms, and c represents a positive integer of 1 to 3. That is, the sorbitan ester in the present invention refers to a monoester, diester, or triester of sorbitan C ₆ H ₈ (OH) ₄ and a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula R ₂ COOH, and an alkyl group represented by R ₂ or Specific examples of the alkenyl group include undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, undecyl group,
Examples include tridecenyl group, pentadecenyl group, heptadecenyl group, undecadienyl group, pentadecadienyl group, heptadecadienyl group, heptadecatrienyl group, heptadecatetraenyl group, and the like. Specifically, preferred sorbitan esters of the present invention include sorbitan dodecanoic acid monoester (sorbitan monolaurate), sorbitan hexadecanoic acid monoester (sorbitan monopalmitate), and sorbitan monopalmitate.
Octadecanoic acid monoester (Sorbitan monostearate), Sorbitan octadecanoic acid triester (Sorbitan tristearate),
Examples include sorbitan octadecenoic acid monoester (sorbitan monooleate), sorbitan octadecenoic acid triester (sorbitan trioleate), and mixtures thereof. [Amounts of components (A) and (B) added to diesel light oil] In the present invention, the amount of the polyoxyethylene compound (A) added is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil. It is 0.05 to 0.5 part by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the effect of reducing particulate in the exhaust gas of diesel engines will not be much achieved;
If it exceeds 2.0 parts by weight, it is not preferable because the effect commensurate with the added amount cannot be obtained and it leads to an increase in cost. On the other hand, the amount of sorbitan ester added as component (B) is 0.05 to 2.0 times, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 times by weight, the amount of polyoxyethylene compound added as component (A). If the amount of component (B) added is less than 0.05 times the weight of component (A), the effect of improving storage stability will not be obtained much, whereas the amount of component (B) added is 2.0 times the weight of component (A). If it exceeds this amount, the effect commensurate with the added amount cannot be obtained, leading to an increase in costs, which is not preferable. [Diesel light oil composition of the present invention] In the diesel light oil composition of the present invention, the polyoxyethylene compound as the component (A) and the sorbitan ester as the component (B) can be added to the diesel light oil by any method. Each component may be added to diesel light oil separately, or both components may be mixed in advance and optionally diluted with a small amount of kerosene, diesel light oil, aromatic solvent, etc. to form an additive concentrate. The additive may then be added to diesel light oil in the form of a concentrate. In the gas oil composition of the present invention, the generated sludge is solubilized by forming molecular aggregates (micelles) in which specific sorbitan esters are oriented with polar groups on the inside and lipophilic groups on the outside. It is being done. An example is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. According to the present invention, by adding a specific amount of a specific polyoxyethylene compound and a specific sorbitan ester to light oil, it has the effect of reducing particulate matter in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine,
A diesel engine fuel composition with excellent storage stability can be obtained, but at this time, if necessary,
For example, known fuel additives such as cetane number improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, and corrosion inhibitors may be added. Details of these known additives are described in, for example, "Petroleum Product Additives" (Saiwai Shobo), edited by Toshio Sakurai. [Effects and Advantages of the Present Invention] Furthermore, according to the present invention, by using a composition in which a specific amount of a specific polyoxyethylene compound and a specific sorbitan ester are added to light oil as a fuel for a diesel engine, ordinary light oil can be used as a fuel. The amount of particulate matter in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine can be significantly reduced compared to when used as a diesel engine. At the same time, it also has the effect of reducing emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gas. [Example] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments in any way unless the gist of the invention changes. Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 A predetermined amount of (A) polyoxyethylene compound and (B) sorbitan ester shown in Table 1 were added to diesel light oil (boiling point 180 to 350°C), and the diesel light oil of the present invention was Compositions were obtained (Examples 1 to 11). This composition was subjected to the following particulate formation test and storage stability test to evaluate its performance, and the results are also listed in Table 1. [Particulate formation test] Combustion chamber type: vortex chamber, nozzle type: Throttle type, engine with displacement of 2400 c.c. at vehicle speed of 50 km/h
hr, after driving 1000km on flat road conditions,
Federal Register Vol45, No.45 (March5, 1980)
Exhaust gas was passed through the filter for 5 minutes according to the method described in 40 CFR PART 86, and particulate matter was collected. This filter is kept at a constant temperature (25℃).
After being kept under humid conditions (60%) for 18 hours, the weight was measured using a microbalance, and the weight was determined by subtracting the weight of the filter. [Storage stability test] Collect 100ml of the diesel light oil composition in a test tube,
After sealing with a cork and leaving it in a dark place for two months, the weight of the produced sludge was measured. For comparison,
When neither (A) nor (B) components are added (Comparative Example 1) and when (B) component is not added (Comparative Examples 2 and 3)
A similar performance evaluation was also conducted for the following, and the results are also shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the diesel light oil compositions of the present invention (Examples 1 to 11) have a higher concentration in exhaust gas than the case where components (A) and (B) are not added (Comparative Example 1). The amount of patty ylate was reduced, and the storage stability was significantly improved compared to the case where only component (A) was added (Comparative Examples 2 and 3), which clearly shows its superiority.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the structural formula of the sorbitan ester in the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the state of solubilization of sludge by micelles.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. As an essential component per 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil, (A) General formula [Formula] [wherein R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, An atom or a group represented by the general formula (-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H, and when X=H, a is an integer from 2 to 15, X=(-
CH ₂ CH ₂ O) - _b When H, a and b are a+b=
Each shows a positive integer from 2 to 15.
~2.0 parts by weight, and (B) General formula (R ₂ COO) - _c C ₆ H ₈ O (OH) _4-c [wherein R ₂ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms, or c represents a positive integer from 1 to 3 respectively] sorbitan ester represented by (A) component
A diesel light oil composition containing 0.05 to 2.0 times the weight.