JPH0129643B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a rotary chuck for releasably holding an object to be fixed, and particularly to a rotary chuck suitable for an automatic system.

(Prior Art) Machine tools such as lathes generally use a rotary chuck as a means for fixing a workpiece. In such a rotary chuck,
Depending on the diameter of the workpiece, that is, the object to be fixed, it is necessary to replace each of the plurality of jaws provided on the chuck body with one of an appropriate size.

In conventional rotary jacks, replacing this jaw requires manual labor to remove and retighten multiple fixing bolts provided for each jaw, and it is necessary to replace each jaw separately. Work is required. For this reason, the conventional rotary chuck suffers from a decrease in work efficiency.
The drawback was that it was not suitable for total automation of machine tools.

In order to eliminate the need for replacement work for each jaw, the rotary chuck is divided into the chuck body connected to the drive shaft and the base member equipped with multiple jaws. It is conceivable to removably connect a base member provided with a suitable jaw to the chuck body. According to this, each jaw can be replaced at once by replacing the base member on which a plurality of jaws are provided, thereby eliminating the need for individual replacement work for each jaw.

However, when fixing means such as bolts are used to connect the base member and the chuck body, manual work is required to remove a plurality of fixing bolts and retighten the bolts.
Therefore, even if a transfer robot for the base is used to place the base provided with the jaw or claw member on the chuck body and to remove the base from the chuck body, Manual work is required to remove and retighten bolts, which reduces work efficiency and is not suitable for total automation of machine tools.

(Objective) It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary chuck which makes replacing each pawl member unnecessary, thereby increasing the efficiency of the replacement work of the pawl member, and which is suitable for automation of machine tools.

(Structure) The present invention includes a chuck body connected to a drive shaft, a base member disposed so as to be able to come into contact with the chuck body, and a plurality of base members provided on the base member for releasably holding an object to be fixed. a jaw assembly including a pawl member; and a locking device for releasably securing the jaw assembly to the chuck body, the locking device extending through the base member in the axial direction of the base member. a lock member having a slot provided in the chuck body, a shaft portion provided in the chuck body and arranged parallel to the axis of the chuck body, and a head provided at the tip of the shaft portion; a tightening position protruding from the slot in the base member and engaging the base member to secure the jaw assembly to the chuck body; It is characterized by comprising an actuating mechanism for linearly and rotationally moving the locking member between a release position that allows removal.

(Operation and Effect) In the rotary chuck according to the present invention, the tightening position in which the jaw assembly provided with the plurality of claw members is fixed to the chuck main body by controlling the operation of the actuation mechanism; Since the locking member can be actuated between the release position and the release position allowing removal of the jaw assembly from the chuck body, controlling the operation of the actuating mechanism allows the jaw assembly to be removed from the chuck body. and the jaw assembly can be released from the chuck body.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the plurality of claw members, that is, the jaw assembly can be fixed to and detached from the chuck body by controlling the operation of the operating mechanism. It is now possible to replace these all at once without having to replace them individually with claw members according to the size of the object to be fixed, and it is also possible to fix the jyo assembly to the chuck body and remove it from the chuck body. When releasing the lock, there is no need to manually remove and retighten each fixing bolt as required in the past.Furthermore, when replacing the jaw assembly, make sure that the slot of the jaw assembly corresponds to the locking member on the chuck body. The jaw assembly can be replaced by simply separating the assembly from the end face of the chuck body and bringing another jaw assembly into contact with the end face of the chuck body.

Therefore, the work of replacing the claw member can be made more efficient, and by combining it with a transfer robot, the work of replacing the claw member can be fully automated, and the number of work steps performed by the robot can be reduced.

(Example) The features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of the illustrated embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rotary chuck 10 according to the present invention includes a chuck body 14 that is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 12 of a machine tool such as a lathe, with its axis aligned with the drive shaft 12. , a jaw assembly 16 removably coupled to the chuck body.
and a locking device 18 for releasably securing the jaw assembly to the chuck body 14.

The chuck body 14 has a circular shape when viewed in a plane perpendicular to its axis, as clearly shown in FIG. An elongated groove 20 is provided. A master jaw drive member 22 is provided in each groove 20 and is movable in the radial direction of the chuck body 14.
stands out. Furthermore, a guide pin 26 for guiding the jaw assembly 16 is provided on the end surface of the chuck body 14.

As can be seen from FIG. 1a, which shows a cross-sectional view of the chuck body 14 taken along line 1a-1a shown in FIG.
A tapered surface 22a is formed at the inner end. Further, within the drive shaft 12, a tubular first slide shaft 28 extending coaxially with the drive shaft at a distance is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof. At the tip of the first slide shaft 28,
A screw member 30 is fixed to the end portion. A shifter 32 is fixed to the screw member 30, and a tapered surface 32a corresponding to the tapered surface 22a of the drive member 22 is formed on the shifter. In the illustrated example, the shifter 32 includes a bolt 34
By tightening, the flange portion 30a of the screw member 30 is sandwiched between the shifter 32 and the backing plate 36 and fixed to the screw member.
A detent means 38 consisting of a ball and a spring is provided between the shifter 32 and the shifter 32 . Therefore, when the first slide shaft 28 is moved in its axial direction, the shifter 32 is moved integrally therewith.
are moved in the axial direction of the chuck body 14, and the movement of the shifter 32 causes the master jaw drive members 22 to simultaneously move in the radial direction of the chuck body 14.

The jyo assembly 16 includes a generally circular base member 42 having a central opening 40 for receiving an object to be secured thereto, as shown in FIGS. A plurality of master jaw members or claw members 44 are provided which are movable in the radial direction of the base member 42 so as to cooperate with each other to clamp the object to be fixed disposed therein. Grooves 46 corresponding to the grooves 20 of the chuck body 14 are formed in the base member 42, and support members 48 are disposed within each groove 46 so as to be movable in the radial direction of the base member 42. Each support member 48
The claw members 44 are respectively fixed to the support members 48 via bolts 50, and the corresponding grippers 24 are attached to the support members 48 in order to interlock the claw members 44 fixed to the support members with the corresponding master jaw drive members 22. A receiving hole 52 is formed for receiving the. Furthermore, a guide hole 54 for receiving the guide pin 26 is formed in the base member 42 .

The jyo assembly 16 includes a guide hole 54 in the base member 42 and a receiving hole 52 in the support member 48.
is fixed to the chuck body 14 so that the base member 42 can receive the corresponding guide pin 26 and the handle 24, respectively, and the first slide shaft 28 is aligned with its axis. When the claw members 44 are moved in the direction, each claw member 44 is moved to fix or release the object to be fixed.

A locking device 18 is provided for releasably securing the jaw assembly 16 to the chuck body 14, the locking device being formed in the base member 42 in an axial direction therethrough. The chuck body 14 includes a plurality of slots 56, a plurality of locking members 58 provided in the chuck body 14, and an actuating mechanism 60 for the locking members.

Each locking member 58 includes a shaft portion 58a having a circular cross-sectional shape and a base portion 58a formed at one end of the shaft portion.
8b, and a head 58 formed at the other end of the shaft portion 58a.
c. The head 58c has a rectangular planar shape (see FIG. 2) that protrudes in the diametrical direction of the shaft at the tip of the shaft 58a.

The actuating mechanism 60 includes a generally cylindrical sleeve 62 provided corresponding to each lock member 58 and disposed around the shaft portion 58a of the lock member. Each sleeve 62 is received within a guide hole 64 formed in chuck body 14 and extending parallel to the axis of the chuck body for movement in and about the axis of the guide hole. An annular oil seal 66 is provided at the end of each guide hole 64. Each sleeve 62
consists of a main body part 62a and a threaded part 62b fixed to the main body part by screwing, and a recess is provided between the two parts to receive a finger member 68 for integrally moving each sleeve 62 in the axial direction. A location 62c is formed. The arm portion 68a of the finger member 68 fits into a corresponding recess 62c of each sleeve 62. A corresponding locking member 5 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve main body portion 62a.
A keyway 70 (see FIG. 5) for receiving a key 68' provided in the shaft portion 58a of No. 8 and extending in the axial direction of the shaft portion is provided, and the sleeve 62 and the lock member 58 are 68' and a keyway 70 to spline fit each other.

There is a space between the chuck main body 14 and the sleeve 62 that when the sleeve 62 is moved in the axial direction via the finger member 68, the sleeve is given a rotational movement around its axis. Cam means 72 are provided for causing the sleeve 62 to move helically. Cam means 7
2, as shown in FIG. 4, a cam groove 74 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of each sleeve 62 so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and a corresponding cam groove 74 is formed from the peripheral wall of each guide hole. A protrusion 76 that protrudes from the bottom is provided. At each end of the cam groove 74, there are extending portions 74a and 74 extending outward in the axial direction of the sleeve 62.
b is provided, and both ends 74a of the cam groove 74
and 74b are spaced apart in the circumferential direction by a length of 1/4 circumference of the sleeve 62 (π/2 radian). Therefore, for example, when the sleeve 62 is moved in the axial direction from a position where the protrusion 76 is engaged with one end 74a of the groove 74 to a position where the protrusion 76 is engaged with the other end 74b, the sleeve 62 moves along its axis. around
Rotated 90 degrees.

When the sleeve 62 is in the forward position shown in FIG.
4a and is spline fitted to the sleeve 62, with its head 58c
As shown in the figure, the chuck body is held in a position where it is aligned substantially in the circumferential direction and is prevented from rotating. Additionally, when the sleeve 62 is moved toward the retracted position shown in FIG.
moves helically integrally with the sleeve 62 toward a posture rotated 90 degrees from the rotational position shown in FIG. The other end 74b of the cam groove 74 is connected to the lock member 5.
8 enables reliable tightening of the base member 42, which will be described later.

The sleeve 62 is disposed inside the drive shaft 12.
A second annular slide shaft 78 is provided for imparting axial movement to the shaft. The second slide shaft 78 is located between the drive shaft 12 and the first annular slide shaft 28 and is movable in the axial direction. The finger member 68 is coupled to the tip of the second annular slide shaft 78 to form an arm portion of the slide shaft. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the finger member 68 is threadedly engaged with a screw member 80 fixed to the distal end of the slide shaft 78 to allow slight pivoting of the finger member 68 with respect to the slide shaft 78. screw member 82
It is held in between by a disc spring 84 and a spherical washer 86. Further, a rotation preventing means 88 consisting of a ball and a spring is provided between the finger member 68 and the screw member 82 to prevent rotation of the screw member.

Therefore, when the second slide shaft 78 is moved in the axial direction, the arm portion of the slide shaft, that is, the finger member 68 is moved in the axial direction, and the finger member 68 is moved in the axial direction. Via 68, the sleeves 62 are each simultaneously moved between the forward and retracted positions described above.

On the surface of the base member 42 of the jog assembly 16 opposite to the chuck body 14, a third
As shown in the figure, a sector-shaped recess 90 (90a, 90b and 90c) is formed between each claw member 44, and the slot 56 is formed through the bottom of the recess. . Each slot 56 is
When the locking member 58 is in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head 5 of the corresponding locking member 58
8c has a rectangular shape similar to and slightly larger than the planar shape of the head.
In connection with the slot 56, it is preferable to provide a retaining plate 92 for receiving the head 58c of the locking member 58 passing through the slot, and in the illustrated example, a cover 94 is provided for closing the recess. . In FIG. 3, in order to clarify the internal structure, the parts related to the recess 90a are shown on the presser plate 92.
and the cover 94 is shown removed, and the portion associated with the recess 90b is shown with the cover 94 removed.

Since each sleeve 62 is in its forward position when the second slide shaft 78 is in the forward position shown in FIG. It is held at the protruding position, that is, the release position shown in the attitude shown in FIG. Thus, by using, for example, a robot known in the art, holes 52 and 54 and slot 56 in the jaw assembly 16 correspond to the locking member 24, guide pin 26 and locking member 58, respectively, in the chuck body 14. The base member 42 can be brought into contact with the end surface of the chuck body 14 in this position. In this abutting state, the head 58 of the locking member 58 passing through the slot 56 is slightly lifted from the bottom of the recess 90 (90a, 90b, 90c) where the slot 56 opens, and the top rests on the presser plate. bring it into contact.

Thereafter, when the second slide shaft 78 is operated toward the retracted position shown in FIG. The locking member 58 at 62 engages the edge of the slot 56 in the recess 90 and is moved into a retracted or tightened position in a 90 degree angular relationship with the slot 56 shown in phantom in FIG. It is operated towards. When the protrusion 76 enters the other end 74b of the corresponding cam groove 74 due to the backward movement of each sleeve 62, the sleeve 62 closes its threaded portion 62b.
is brought into contact with the base portion 58b of the locking member 58a.
The other end portion 74 is an extension of the cam groove 76.
b allows movement of the locking member 58 in the axial direction, so when the sleeve 62 abuts against the base 58b of the locking member 58a, the axial force acting on the sleeve 62 is transferred to the head 58c of the locking member 58. acts directly as a tightening force on the base member 42. Therefore, the jaw assembly 16 is securely fixed to the chuck body 14.

When the fixation of the jyo assembly 16 to the chuck body 14 is completed, the jyo assembly 16 is released from the robot, and then the first slide is moved to grip the object by the claw members 44 of the jyo assembly 16. The shaft 28 is actuated, and after the work on the object to be fixed is completed, the first slide shaft 28 is actuated to release the object to be fixed.

Thereafter, if it becomes necessary to replace the jyo assembly 16 with a jyo assembly similar to the one described above in which the size of the claw member 44 is different from that of the jyo assembly 16 in order to clamp workpieces of different sizes, the chuck body With the fixed jaw assembly 16 held by the robot, the second slide shaft 78
The locking member 58 is actuated toward the forward position shown in the figure, thereby causing each locking member 58 to be actuated toward the release position described above. When the locking member 58 is actuated to the released position, it is possible to remove the jaw assembly from the chuck body 14 and install a new jaw assembly on the chuck body, as will be apparent from the foregoing description. The use of robots replaces the Jyo assembly. Thereafter, the second slide shaft 78 is operated toward the retracted position to fix the jyo assembly to the chuck body, and the jyo assembly is fixed to the chuck body 14 by tightening the locking member 58 in the same manner as described above. Ru.

When attaching the jog assembly 16 to the chuck body 14, the base member 4 is attached to the chuck body.
2 are in close contact with each other, whether a predetermined tightening force is applied to the base member 42 by the locking member 58 when fixing the jaw assembly 16 to the chuck body 14, or whether the lock member 58 is applied to the base member 42 by the claw member 44. It is preferable to provide detection means for confirming whether clamping and release of the fixed object have been completed. The jaw assembly can be attached and detached from the chuck body manually by an operator.

As a drive source for moving the slide shafts 28 and 78 in their axial directions, a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 96 as shown in FIG. 6 can be used. The piston-cylinder device 96 includes a cylinder member 98 fixed to the rear end of the drive shaft 12 and a pressure liquid distributor 100. Cylinder member 98 has first and second chambers 102 and 10 arranged in series with each other.
It has a partition wall 106 for partitioning 4. A piston 108a is slidably housed in the first chamber 102, and an inner piston rod 108 to which the piston is fixed is fixedly connected to the first slide shaft 28. A piston 110a is slidably housed in the second chamber 104, and an outer piston rod 110 to which the piston is fixed is fixedly coupled to the second slide shaft 78.

The pressure liquid distributor 100 includes a first cylinder chamber 10
selectively supplying pressurized fluid to the compartment 102a on one side and the compartment 102b on the other side of the piston portion 108a in the second cylinder chamber 10;
4, and its structure is well known in the art. The pressure liquid distributor 10
0 is supported by the cylinder member 98, which rotates integrally with the drive shaft 12, via a thrust bearing 112, so that it is held statically.

Pressure liquid passes through the pressure liquid distributor 100 and enters the compartment 10.
2a, the first slide shaft 28 moves to the right as seen in FIG. activated to release things,
Moreover, when the pressure liquid is supplied to the compartment chamber 102b, the first
The slide shaft 28 moves to the left in the figure, whereby the claw member 44 is operated to grip the object. Further, when pressure liquid is supplied to the compartment 104a through the pressure liquid distributor 100, the second slide shaft 78 moves to the right in FIG. When actuated into position and pressurized fluid is supplied to compartment 104b,
The second slide shaft 78 moves to the left in the figure, thereby operating each locking member 58 to the tightening position.

As a drive source for operating the slide shafts 28 and 78 in their axial directions, various actuating devices such as a cam mechanism and an electromagnetic device can be used instead of the piston/cylinder device 96 described above.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the rotary chuck according to the present invention separated into a chuck main body and a jaw assembly, FIG. 2 is an end view of the chuck main body shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 is an end view of the jaw assembly shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a partially exploded view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the drive device according to the present invention; FIG. 12: drive shaft, 14: chuck body, 16: jaw assembly, 18: lock device, 42: base member, 44: claw member, 56: slot, 58: lock member, 58a: shaft portion, 58c: head, 60: Actuation mechanism, 62: Sleeve, 68': Key, 70:
Keyway, 72: Cam means, 74: Cam groove, 74
a, 74b: Extension part, 76: Projection part, 78: Slide shaft, 96: Drive source, 102, 104: Chamber, 108, 110: Piston rod, 108
a, 110a: Piston.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A chuck body connected to a drive shaft, a base member disposed so as to be able to come into contact with the chuck body, and a plurality of base members provided on the base member for releasably holding an object to be fixed. a jaw assembly including a pawl member; and a locking device for releasably securing the jaw assembly to the chuck body, the locking device extending through the base member in the axial direction of the base member. and a slot provided with
A lock member provided on the chuck body and having a shaft portion arranged parallel to the axis of the chuck body and a head portion provided at the tip of the shaft portion, the head portion passing through the slot of the base member. A tightening position protrudes outwardly from the jaw assembly and engages the base member to secure the jaw assembly to the chuck body; an actuation mechanism for linearly and rotationally moving the lock member between a release position allowing removal, the actuation mechanism being disposed around the shaft of the lock member and extending parallel to the axis of the chuck body. movable in the direction of an axis and around the axis, spline-fitted to the shaft to allow movement of the locking member in the direction of the axis, and engaged with a locking portion formed at the rear end of the shaft; an abuttable sleeve; cam means disposed between the sleeve and the chuck body for imparting rotational movement to the sleeve about its axis when the sleeve moves in the axial direction; and actuating means for moving the rotary chuck in its axial direction. 2. The rotary chuck according to claim 1, wherein the shaft of the locking member has a circular cross section, and the head extends in the diametrical direction of the shaft at a distal end of the shaft. . 3. The cam means is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and includes a cam groove that is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and a protrusion that projects from the chuck body into the cam groove. Rotary chuck as described in section. 4. The rotary chuck of claim 3, wherein the cam groove includes an extension at each end extending axially outward of the sleeve. 5. The rotary chuck according to claim 4, wherein one end and the other end of the cam groove are separated in the circumferential direction by a length of 1/4 circumference of the sleeve. 6. The actuating means includes a tubular slide shaft that is disposed coaxially with the drive shaft inside the drive shaft and has an arm portion at its tip that engages with the sleeve; The rotary chuck according to claim 1, further comprising a drive source for operating the slide shaft in the axial direction to move the sleeve in the axial direction. 7. The drive source is a hydraulic piston-cylinder device comprising a piston connected to the slide shaft having the arm portion, and a cylinder that accommodates the piston so as to be movable in the axial direction of the drive shaft. A rotary chuck according to item 6. 8. The drive source includes a piston arranged in each of two adjacent chambers and a pair of inner and outer piston rods arranged coaxially, and one end of one piston rod is connected to the slide shaft. A rotary chuck according to claim 6.