JPH0134573B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention involves using an excavator to dig grooves that follow the planting rows around the roots of root vegetables that are cultivated with planting rows aligned in a field. This invention relates to an improvement in a method for harvesting root vegetables in which the roots are dug up while breaking the grooves.

As mentioned above, the conventional method for digging root vegetables using an excavator is to make a trench at the root edge of each of multiple planting rows at the same time. When using a trench excavator to pass backfill using an auger, it becomes difficult for the trench excavator to run, so one planting row for root vegetables cultivated in many rows should be avoided. After digging a trench that follows the planting row at the root edge using a trench excavator, pull out the root vegetables into the trench while breaking down the wall on the planting row side of the trench, and then fill the trench. By repeating the returning process in sequence, root vegetables are dug up one row at a time according to the planting row.

As mentioned above, an object of the present invention is to create a plurality of grooves excavated by an excavator at the roots of the plurality of planting rows, so that root vegetables in the plurality of planting rows can be dug up at once. To solve the problem that makes backfilling work difficult, and to enable root vegetables in multiple planting rows to be harvested at once without causing confusion in backfilling work.

The method for harvesting root vegetables according to the present invention to achieve this objective is to cultivate root vegetables such as long potatoes and burdock in a large number of planting rows, and to select the desired number of planting rows. A wide excavator installed on an excavator is used to excavate one width difference between the root edges of the two planting rows adjacent to each other on the left and right within the row spacing. , excavate narrow grooves along the root edges of the left and right planting rows using two excavators installed on an excavator, and feed the excavated soil from the grooves to the excavator. A pair of provided conveyors on the left and right remove soil within the row spacing on the left and right adjacent to the row spacing, and then root vegetables in the two planting rows adjacent on the left and right are dug into the trench, Thereafter, the transport direction of the left and right conveyors is reversed, and the excavator is moved backwards, so that the excavated soil discharged left and right is backfilled into the trench.

Next, the mode of implementation will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. First, root vegetables a are cultivated in the field by a large number of aligned planting rows A as shown in Fig. 1. In this case, it is preferable that the row spacing D be
Cultivate with narrow row spacing so that the rows are about 30cm long. Next, from among the above-mentioned planting row A......, for example, the planting row located at the edge of the field, two desired planting rows A and A adjacent to each other on the left and right are selected.
Excavator B is placed in the field so as to straddle the planting rows A and A, and the excavator 2 installed on the body 1 of excavator B is moved as shown in Fig. 2. , to act on the soil surface within the row spacing D of the two planting rows A and A, and excavate a trench W there. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator B used here has a machine body 1 that is equipped with a pair of left and right running wheels 10, 10 and a pair of left and right drive wheels 11, 11. , Chain 2 that rotates endlessly
Of course, it is possible to use a conventionally known type in which an endless belt-type excavating body 2 having an excavating blade 21 and a soil transporting plate 22 mounted on the circumferential surface of the excavating body 2 is mounted so as to be rotatable up and down. The excavation body 2 mounted on the machine body 1 is formed into a wide excavation body 2 whose excavation action width d is close to the row spacing D of the planting row A. Within the row spacing D, as shown in FIG. 3, one of the left and right planting rows A, A
A wide trench W is excavated from one root edge to the other root edge.

As a practical matter, digging a wide trench about a meter deep to dig up root vegetables is difficult.
Although it is difficult with a normal excavator, the groove width is 20~
Excavation is possible if the depth is about 25 mm. When a groove W of this width is excavated between the planting rows A and A, the row spacing D of the planting row A...
If it is about 30mm, the left and right walls of the groove W will be located at the root edge of the left and right planting rows A, A, and the root vegetables a of the planting rows A, A will be ……
... can be sufficiently dug into the groove W.

Therefore, the excavated soil w that is scraped up to the ground surface when excavating the trench W with the excavator B is
A conveyor 3 such as an auger conveyor equipped with a soil conveyor or a belt conveyor equipped with a soil transport plate on the conveying surface is used to convey soil along the ground surface in the left and right direction of the machine body 1 of the excavator B, which is perpendicular to the planting row A. The conveyor 3 for conveying and removing soil is connected to the body 1 of the excavator B, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
They are provided in pairs on the left and right sides of the machine body 1 so as to protrude toward the left and right sides of the machine body 1, respectively, and are formed in such a way that the transport directions are forward and reverse. As shown in FIG. 3, the soil w is discharged onto the ground surface within the row spacing D adjacent to the left and right of the planting rows A and A on which the excavation body 2 is applied. to allow it to accumulate.

In this way, the excavator B creates a groove W from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction to the planting row A) within the row spacing D between the planting rows A and A.
When the excavator B has finished the excavation work process to excavate the area, the excavator B is stopped at the end position, and using the excavated groove W, the above-mentioned left and right plants whose roots are close to the left and right walls of the groove W are excavated. Root vegetables a in rows A and A,
As shown in FIG. 4, the groove W is dug by breaking the wall surface and pulling it out into the groove W.

In this case, in addition to the worker operating excavator B,
When there is a worker digging root vegetables into the trench W,
While the excavator B is performing an excavation work process in which the groove W is excavated, another worker may dig up root vegetables one after another in the trace where the groove W is being excavated.

After digging out the root vegetables a in the two left and right planting rows facing the excavated trench W, the pair of conveyors 3, 3 on the left and right provided in the excavator B move in the respective conveying directions. switch in the opposite direction. This switching can be easily performed by reversing the rotational direction of the auger shaft when the conveyor is an auger conveyor, or by reversing the rotational direction of the belt when the conveyor is a belt conveyor. Then, in this state, the excavator B is moved backwards, and the excavated soil w, w that was removed by the conveyors 3, 3 during the excavation work process and deposited within the adjacent left and right row intervals, respectively, is As shown in Fig. 4, the conveyors 3, 3 are operated in the opposite direction to backfill the trenches W from which root vegetables a have been dug, and by repeating this process, a large number of planting rows are created. Root vegetables a...... cultivated in A...... are planted in two planting rows A and A.
Try to dig it out one by one.

By the way, the groove W excavated between the rows in this way is used to break down the wall surface on the side adjacent to the planting row A and take out the root vegetables a into the groove W. Therefore, widening the width of the groove W only increases the middle part of the groove W that is not actually used.
When excavating, the excavating body 2 mounted on the body 1 of the excavator B is as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
Two excavated bodies 2', 2' with narrow working widths are arranged side by side, and each excavated body 2', 2' forms a planting row A and a planting row adjacent to each other on the left and right. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in the space between row A and
Narrow width grooves at each root edge of left and right planting rows A and A
It is also possible to excavate W′ and W′ respectively.

However, in this way, narrow width grooves W', W' are formed in two rows at the row spacing D of the planting rows A, A by using the narrow width excavation bodies 2', 2' arranged in parallel. Even in the case of parallel excavation and cutting, the soil excavated by the excavation bodies 2', 2' is similar to the case where the wide trench W is excavated by the wide excavation body 2. The excavator B is equipped with a pair of conveyors 3, 3 on the left and right, and as shown in FIG.
The material is conveyed and discharged within the row distance D on both the left and right sides of the row distance D where 2' is applied, and is deposited there. Then, the groove W is cut using the wide excavation body 2 described above.
In the same way as when excavating the left and right planting rows A and A
The root vegetables a are dug out, and then the conveyors 3, 3 are switched so that the conveying direction thereof is reversed, and the excavator B is driven backward, thereby discharging the excavated soil w, w. Using 3,3,
The excavated soil w, w that has been removed and piled up,
As shown in Fig. 8, root vegetables a are backfilled into the dug trenches W' and W'. By repeating these steps, a large number of planting rows A...root vegetables a... are dug up two rows at a time.

Note that the method of the present invention allows not only the operator who operates the excavator B (including the case where the excavating body 2 is a double excavating body 2', 2' with a narrow width) but also the operator who operates the excavated trench W. In the case where there is a worker dedicated to digging out root vegetable a using the excavator B, the digging work of the root vegetable a by the worker dedicated to digging cannot keep up with the work speed of digging the trench W by excavator B, and the digging Before backfilling trench B by moving machine B backwards, if there will be a lot of time to rest the operation of excavator B, the row spacing D used to excavate trench W should be left as it is, and the As shown in the figure, in the next step, the next two rows of planting rows A and A, where the excavator B is to be inserted, are planted at a distance of D2 between the two rows of rows A and A. Insert the excavator B into the row spacing D3 of the row rows A and A, and excavate the groove W there, and while drilling the groove W within this row spacing D3, first drill the groove W. The digging work is completed at the set row spacing D1, and when the digging work is finished, the initial row spacing D1 is
1, excavator B is inserted into the groove W that has been excavated there, and the excavated soil w, w is carried in and backfilled by the conveyors 3, 3 of excavator B, and then the row spacing of the next next row is set as described above. The groove W provided in D3 is similarly backfilled by excavator B, and then, as shown in FIG. There is a case where the machine B is returned and the grooves W are made at the row spacing D2. In addition, when using the excavator B in this way, it is more convenient to carry out the backfilling operation while the excavator B is moved forward than to carry out the backfilling operation while moving the excavator B backward. , 3, with the excavator B moving forward and the conveyance direction reversed,
It is effective to use it for backfilling.

As explained above, in the method of the present invention, root vegetables cultivated in a large number of aligned planting rows are dug by an excavator at the roots of the planting rows, and are taken out into the trenches. When harvesting in this way, by digging grooves near the roots of the two planting rows, the root vegetables of the two planting rows can be dug up in one excavation process. , the two planting rows that are to be dug at once are placed in adjacent planting rows, and the grooves to be dug at the roots of those two planting rows are Digging is done within the row spacing of the planting rows, and the root vegetables of the two planting rows are dug up at once, and the excavation body digs up the roots during the trench excavation work process. Excavated soil is removed by a pair of conveyors installed on the left and right sides of the excavator within the distance between adjacent rows on both sides of the excavator, and the feeding direction of the conveyor is adjusted from the position where the trench has been excavated. Since the trench is backfilled by switching to the opposite direction and moving the excavator backwards, when using the excavator's conveyor to backfill the trench after root vegetables have been dug out, two planting rows can be used. The grooves excavated near the roots of the rows will no longer impede the running of the excavator.

Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, root vegetables cultivated in a large number of aligned planting rows are harvested while sequentially backfilling trenches excavated for digging them.
Each row of planted rows can be harvested continuously.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 are explanatory views of the first embodiment of the method of the present invention. Figure 1 is an explanatory view of the excavator placed in the field as seen from a plane, and Figure 2 is the same state as above. An explanatory diagram as seen from the rear, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the state in which the trench is being excavated, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the state in which the trench is backfilled. Also, Figures 5 to 8 are explanatory diagrams of the second embodiment, where Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram seen from the plane with the excavator installed in the field, and Figure 6 is the same as seen from the rear of the same. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the process of excavating a trench, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the process of backfilling the trench. Moreover, FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 are explanatory diagrams of further different embodiments, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the excavation process, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the backfilling process,
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the state of transition to the next excavation process. Explanation of drawing symbols, A...Planting row, a...Root vegetables, B...Excavator, D...Row spacing, D1...Row spacing at which the trench is dug first, D2...Next row spacing ,
D3...Next row spacing, d...Drilling action width,
W, W'... groove, w... excavated soil, 1... fuselage, 1
0... Running wheel, 11... Driving wheel, 2, 2'... Excavation body, 20... Chain, 21... Excavation blade, 22...
...Undo board, 3...conveyor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Root vegetables such as long potatoes and burdock are cultivated in multiple planting rows, and within the row spacing of two adjacent planting rows on the left and right, selected as desired, of those multiple planting rows. A single wide trench extending between each root edge of the left and right planting rows is excavated using a wide excavator installed on an excavator, or a narrow groove is excavated along each root edge of the left and right planting rows. Grooves are excavated by two excavating bodies installed on an excavator, and the excavated soil dug up from the grooves is conveyed by a pair of conveyors on the left and right provided on the excavator to determine the distance between the rows on the left and right adjacent to the above-mentioned row spacing. Then, root vegetables in the two adjacent planting rows on the left and right are dug into the trench, and then the conveyor direction of the left and right conveyors is reversed and the excavator is turned on. A method for harvesting root vegetables characterized by moving backwards and backfilling the excavated soil left and right into the aforementioned trench.