JPH0134574B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an onion harvesting device, and more particularly to a stationary onion harvesting device that efficiently taps onions harvested with stems and leaves when the leaves are completely dead, undergoes a sorting process, and stores them in a container.

Conventional onion harvesting equipment uses a self-propelled harvesting machine to cut the roots with an onion rooting machine, and then dig up the onions when the leaves are dead, and then tufts the onions (seeds and stems into designated areas). The onions were cut into lengths), and the onions with their stems and leaves cut off were left in the field, picked up later by a pick truck, stored in a container, and sorted by a sorter.

Therefore, in the case of the above-mentioned self-propelled harvester, the cut ends of the stems and leaves are likely to discolor (black), and when onions are left in the field for a long period of time, such as when bad weather continues. It was not possible to prevent the deterioration in quality due to secondary growth.

Therefore, in view of the conventional circumstances, the present invention aims to improve the quality of onions and provide a harvesting device that can perform stable and efficient work. Characterized by selection.

Such a stationary onion harvesting device of the present invention includes a first belt conveyor installed in front of a tilting table that carries a container containing onions with stems and leaves, and tilts.
An elevator equipped with a bucket is installed vertically in front of the first belt conveyor, and a roller-type tapping mechanism is installed approximately horizontally in front of the upper end of the elevator, and above the tapping mechanism,
A mistapping return conveyor with bar scales mounted upright is installed at a predetermined interval, and in front of the tapping mechanism, a small ball removal mechanism and a sorting conveyor are installed, in which rollers are placed horizontally at a predetermined interval on an endlessly rotating chain. In addition, a buffer mechanism is installed at the end of the conveyor to reduce the impact of onions falling into the container, and furthermore, everything from the first conveyor to the sorting conveyor is installed on a cart with wheels.

The tilting platform of the present invention has a size that allows a large container to be placed on it, and the support plate on the upper surface is tiltable by a hydraulic cylinder. The onions are now able to fall off smoothly. The height of the ramp is approximately 50cm, and it is designed to allow large containers to be loaded onto it using the backlift of an existing tractor.

The first belt conveyor is composed of a belt conveyor, and is installed so that the front side in the conveyance direction is slightly upward, and a flow rate adjustment plate is installed on the top of the conveyor to adjust the flow rate of the onions. This makes it easy to remove gravel mixed with onions.

The elevator transports the onions to the tapping mechanism at the top, while at the same time being able to stabilize the amount of onions fed into the tapping mechanism.The onions are transported to the top by riding on a horizontally long bucket that spans the left and right chains. It's becoming like that.

The tapping mechanism is a roller winding type, and one set consists of three rollers: an upper flat roller, a small-diameter rubber-wrapped spiral roller, and a lower large-diameter spiral roller, and multiple sets of these are arranged side by side. .

The two rollers at the top are arranged side by side at a distance to direct the onion stems and leaves downward and transport the onions, and the rubber-wrapped spiral roller keeps the length of the cut end of the leaves constant at approximately 3 cm when tapping. In addition, the onions are wrapped with rubber to prevent damage.

The lower large-diameter spiral roller is brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the upper flat roller to cut the rolled leaf, and the spiral on the circumferential surface is a three-thread spiral to smooth the spiral winding.

The mis-tapping return conveyor returns onions transferred without being tapped by the tapping mechanism to the tapping mechanism, and is installed above the tapping mechanism in a substantially parallel manner at a predetermined interval.

Further, the conveyor is composed of a slat conveyor, and rods made of an elastic material such as rubber are provided on the outer surface of the slats. The rod on the side feeds the onion and helps the onion roll, ensuring that the stems and leaves are rolled in properly and reducing the chance of tapping mistakes.

The small ball removal mechanism moves the rollers at a predetermined interval (approximately 5.5 mm) across the left and right chains that rotate endlessly.
cm), and the small onions that fall from the gap between the rollers are removed.

The sorting conveyor is a table that sorts the onions into product onions and off-grade onions after small onions have been removed.Sorters stand on both sides of the conveyor, and off-grade onions are placed perpendicular to the bottom of the sorting conveyor. The products are placed on the installed conveyor for out-of-grade products and transported and stored in a container.

In addition, the product onions are conveyed as they are on a sorting conveyor and stored in a large container located at the tip of the conveyor, but at this time, a shock absorbing mechanism is used to reduce the impact of the fall so that the onions can be stored without damaging them. It's summery.

Furthermore, this device is divided into two parts: a ramp and a section from the first conveyor to the sorting conveyor, and the part from the first conveyor to the sorting conveyor is assembled on a cart with wheels, so that it can be moved by being pulled by a tractor. It has been formed.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. A is a tilt table, B is a first conveyor, C is an elevator, D is a tapping mechanism, E is a mis-tapping return conveyor, F is a small ball removal mechanism, and G is a A sorting conveyor, H is a buffer mechanism, and I is a trolley.

The tilting table A is formed with a height of about 50 cm using a metal profile, and a support plate 1 is pivotably attached to one side of the top surface so as to be tiltable. A hydraulic cylinder 2 is installed between the horizontal rod and the support plate 1 by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 2.
is starting to tilt.

When the large container 3 placed on the slope A is tilted, one side wall thereof opens and the onions a with stems and leaves to be stored are discharged to the first conveyor B.

The first conveyor B is constructed by installing a belt conveyor 5 between side plates 4, 4 integrally projecting from the cart I, and the conveyor is installed slightly upward, and a plurality of belt conveyors are installed above the conveyor 5. Flow rate regulating plates 6 are horizontally suspended in parallel.

Therefore, the onion a with stems and leaves discharged from the large container 3 falls onto the flow rate regulating plate 6, and
By removing it, the amount of conveyance by the first conveyor B can be adjusted, and the gravel discharged mixed with the onions a with stems and leaves can be removed.

Elevator C has left and right chains 8 that are wound around upper and lower sprockets 7 and 7' and rotate endlessly.
and a bucket 9 suspended horizontally across the chain, and the onions a with stems and leaves sent by the first conveyor B are conveyed upward into the bucket 9 and supplied to the tapping mechanism D. be.

Tapping mechanism D is a roller winding type,
One set consists of three rollers: an upper flat roller 10, a small-diameter rubber-wrapped spiral roller 11, and a lower large-diameter spiral roller 12.
group) are arranged in parallel.

The upper flat roller 10 and the rubber-wrapped spiral roller 11 are arranged side by side at intervals, and the onion stems and leaves are guided and transferred between the two rollers. The length is kept constant at approximately 3 cm.

The lower large-diameter spiral roller 12 has a plurality of spirals wound and fixed on its circumferential surface, and its circumferential surface is brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the upper flat roller 10 to cut the rolled-up stems and leaves. There is.

The mistapping return conveyor E consists of a slat conveyor 13 and a rod 14 made of an elastic material and fixed upright on the slat 13' of the conveyor.
The mistapping onion a with stems and leaves is sent back to the base end of the tapping mechanism D on the upper surface of the slat conveyor 13, and the feed of the onions on the tapping mechanism is adjusted using the rod 14 on the lower surface of the slat conveyor 13. At the same time, the onion stems and leaves are oriented downward to help with rolling, thereby reducing the occurrence of tapping mistakes.

The small onion removal mechanism F is used to remove onions whose stems and leaves have been cut.
The mechanism is to extract a small onion a″ from a′, and the mechanism consists of left and right chains 15 that rotate endlessly.
and the left and right chains at a specified interval (approx.
It consists of rollers 16 arranged horizontally in parallel at intervals of about 5.5 cm), and small balls are extracted by falling from between the rollers 16. In addition, the small ball of onion a'' falling from between the rollers 16 is in the small container 17.
It is becoming more and more popular.

The sorting conveyor G is formed by a belt conveyor, and removes out-of-grade onions such as long onions, rotten onions, peeled onions, and deformed onions from the onions conveyed on the conveyor, and transfers the product onions to the tip of the conveyor. It is stored in a large container 18 that can be installed.

The non-standard products removed on the sorting conveyor G are placed on a non-standard product conveyor 19 installed perpendicularly below the conveyor and transported to a container.

Further, a buffer mechanism H is attached to the tip of the sorting conveyor G to reduce the impact of onions falling from the conveyor into the large container 18.

The buffer mechanism H includes frame bodies 20, 20', 20'' which are arranged in a bellows shape and can be bent freely, and the frames 20, 2.
It is composed of fabrics 21, 21', 21'' stretched on frames 20, 20', and the fabrics 21, 21' stretched on frames 20, 20' are stretched except for the terminal ends, respectively.
The onions are designed to fall into the large container 18 in a meandering manner.

The frames 20, 20', 20'' are bent and folded by winding the wire 22, and are expanded by letting out the wire 22. It folds its body appropriately.

The trolley I installs and holds the above-mentioned first conveyor B to sorting conveyor G in an integrated manner.
The trolley has wheels 23 in its middle portion, and can be moved freely by being pulled by a tractor.

Further, steps 24 and 24' on which the sorting person stands are formed protruding from both sides of the cart I where the sorting conveyor G is installed.

Since the onion harvesting device according to the present invention has the above structure, it has the following advantages.

Because onions are harvested with leaves and stems when the leaves are completely dead, they are tapped and sorted, so there is no chance that the cut end of the stems or leaves will turn discolored (black), and the onions to be applied to this device are picked up from the field with leaves and stems still attached. It is possible to prevent quality deterioration due to secondary growth caused by being left in the field for a long time.

Even if gravel is mixed with the onions with stems and leaves discharged onto the first conveyor, it can be completely removed by hand sorting on the first conveyor, so the gravel can get into the tapping mechanism and damage the machine. There is no need to worry about it getting wet, and it can also be used in fields with lots of stones.

Since this device is used after the onions are picked up from the field, stable work can be established without being affected by field conditions.In addition, it can be moved to a warehouse or other location during rainy days and can be used for tapping and sorting onions harvested on sunny days. You can.

By combining this device with a pick-up machine, it is possible to create a work system that is not affected by the weather.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the device according to the invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view with a portion cut away. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the tapping mechanism and mis-tapping return conveyor section, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the rollers constituting the tapping mechanism. In the figure, A: ramp, B: first conveyor, C: elevator, D: tapping mechanism, E: mistapping return conveyor, F: small ball removal mechanism, G: sorting conveyor, H: buffer mechanism, I: trolley, 3, 18: Large container, 9: Bucket, 14: Rod.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first belt conveyor is installed in front of a tilting platform that carries a container containing onions with stems and leaves, and an elevator equipped with a bucket is installed vertically in front of the first belt conveyor, and the upper end of the elevator is installed vertically in front of the first belt conveyor. In front of the tapping mechanism, a roller-type tapping mechanism is installed approximately horizontally, and above the tapping mechanism, a mis-tapping return conveyor with rods mounted upright is installed at a predetermined interval. A small bead removal mechanism and a sorting conveyor are installed in which rollers are placed horizontally at predetermined intervals on a rotating chain, and a buffer mechanism is installed at the end of the conveyor to reduce the impact of the onions falling into the container. A stationary onion harvesting device characterized by having everything from a conveyor to a sorting conveyor installed on a cart with wheels.