JPH0135527B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0135527B2 JPH0135527B2 JP20105383A JP20105383A JPH0135527B2 JP H0135527 B2 JPH0135527 B2 JP H0135527B2 JP 20105383 A JP20105383 A JP 20105383A JP 20105383 A JP20105383 A JP 20105383A JP H0135527 B2 JPH0135527 B2 JP H0135527B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hybrid
- duplexer
- resonator
- transmission line
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
- H01P1/2135—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using strip line filters
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（技術分野）
本発明は、電磁波を周波数の違いにより、分離
して取出す分波器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a duplexer that separates and extracts electromagnetic waves based on differences in frequency.
（背景技術）
従来、この種の装置は、導波管、マイクロスト
リツプライン、同軸線路、ビーム伝送路、誘電体
線路等の各種伝送路を用いて構成された例があ
り、その構成は、第１図ａ，ｂに示すようなもの
であつた。(Background Art) Conventionally, this type of device has been constructed using various transmission lines such as a waveguide, a microstripline, a coaxial line, a beam transmission line, and a dielectric line. It was as shown in Figures 1a and b.
第２図は第１図ａに示すものを誘電体線路を用
いて実現した例を示すものである。図中１ａ，１
ｂはハイブリツド、２ａは結合器４で結合された
共振器５を有する移相用伝送線路、３ａは伝送線
路のみで構成される移相用伝送線路である。６よ
り入力された信号は、ハイブリツド１ａでほぼ２
等分され、それぞれ移相用伝送線路２ａ，３ａを
通過し、ハイブリツド１ｂで合成される。合成さ
れる直前の２つの信号の位相関係に応じて、信号
は、出力端７，８へ出力される。この分波器の６
―７間の伝送特性、６―８間の振幅伝送特性は、
理想的にはこの位相関係を考慮してそれぞれ、次
に示すA1，A2で与えられる（電子通信学会マイ
クロ波研究会資料MW74―１）。 FIG. 2 shows an example in which what is shown in FIG. 1a is realized using a dielectric line. 1a, 1 in the figure
b is a hybrid, 2a is a phase shifting transmission line having a resonator 5 coupled by a coupler 4, and 3a is a phase shifting transmission line consisting only of transmission lines. The signal input from 6 is approximately 2 in hybrid 1a.
The signals are divided into equal parts, pass through phase shifting transmission lines 2a and 3a, and are combined in hybrid 1b. Depending on the phase relationship between the two signals immediately before being combined, the signals are output to output terminals 7 and 8. 6 of this duplexer
The transmission characteristics between -7 and the amplitude transmission characteristics between 6 and 8 are:
Ideally, considering this phase relationship, they are given by A 1 and A 2 shown below (IEICE Microwave Research Group Material MW74-1).
ここでβは伝送線路の位相定数、l0は共振器の
長さ、Δlは２中の伝送線路９と伝送線路３と
長さの差、ｋは結合器４の結合度である。 Here, β is the phase constant of the transmission line, l 0 is the length of the resonator, Δl is the difference in length between the transmission line 9 and the transmission line 3 in 2, and k is the degree of coupling of the coupler 4.
また、第１図ｂに示す構成のものは、第２図に
おける２とほぼ同一のものを２の部分に設け
たものである。２に２とほぼ同一のものを設
ける際に２のものと異なる点は、所望の移相特
性を得るために、結合器の結合度を違える点のみ
である。第１図ｂの構成のものの伝送特性は、理
想的には第１図ａすなわち第２図のものとほぼ同
様にあらわされ、次式で与えられる。 Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1b, a portion 2 is provided with almost the same thing as 2 in FIG. 2. When 2 is provided with almost the same thing as 2, the only difference from 2 is that the degree of coupling of the coupler is different in order to obtain a desired phase shift characteristic. The transmission characteristic of the configuration shown in FIG. 1b is ideally expressed almost similarly to that of FIG. 1a or FIG. 2, and is given by the following equation.
ここでβは伝送線路の位相定数、l0は共振器の
長さ、k1は２中の結合器の結合度、k2は２中
の結合器の結合度、Δlは２中の伝送線路９と
２ｂ中の伝送線路３の長さの差である。 Here, β is the phase constant of the transmission line, l 0 is the length of the resonator, k 1 is the coupling degree of the coupler in 2, k 2 is the coupling degree of the coupler in 2, and Δl is the transmission line in 2. This is the difference in length between the transmission lines 3 in 9 and 2b.
ここで、特に(A)、(B)式すなわちβΔl＝βl0／２＋
π／２に注目する。βl1／２＋π／２がβΔlという
ある長さの伝送線路で置換えられていることより
も分るとおり、その式中のπ／２という電気長
は、理想的には常にπ／２でなければならないが
実際には伝送線路で置換えられる。すなわち、分
波器の設計中心周波数0におけるπ／２の電気長
に相当する伝送線路長l′におきかえられるのが常
であつた。 Here, especially equations (A) and (B), namely βΔl=βl 0 /2+
Pay attention to π/2. As can be seen from the fact that βl 1 /2 + π/2 is replaced by a transmission line of a certain length βΔl, the electrical length π/2 in that equation should ideally always be π/2. In reality, it is replaced by a transmission line. That is, the transmission line length l' was usually replaced with the electrical length of π/2 at the design center frequency 0 of the duplexer.
従つて、実際の分波器の伝送特性は、次のよう
になる。 Therefore, the actual transmission characteristics of the duplexer are as follows.
l′＝π／2β0
β0＝0における移相用伝送線路の伝搬定数
このため、設計中心周波数においては正確に
π／２の電気長であるが、設計中心周波数より離
れるに従つてπ／２より次第にずれる傾向にあつ
た。従つて、広い使用帯域を有する分波器におい
ては、伝送特性の劣化を生じるという欠点があつ
た。 l' = π/2β 0 Propagation constant of the phase shifting transmission line at β 0 = 0 Therefore, at the design center frequency, the electrical length is exactly π/2, but as the distance from the design center frequency increases, the electrical length becomes π/2. There was a tendency to gradually deviate from 2. Therefore, in a duplexer having a wide usable band, there is a drawback that the transmission characteristics deteriorate.
（発明の課題）
本発明は、このような伝送特性の劣化をなくす
ために、使用帯域にかかわらず常にπ／２の電気
長を得るため、２つのハイブリツドのうち一方を
90゜ハイブリツドで他方を0゜、180゜ハイブリツドで
構成したものであり、以下図面について詳細に説
明する。(Problem to be solved by the invention) In order to eliminate such deterioration of transmission characteristics, the present invention creates one of the two hybrids in order to always obtain an electrical length of π/2 regardless of the band used.
One is a 90° hybrid, the other is a 0° hybrid, and the other is a 180° hybrid.The drawings will be described in detail below.
（発明の構成および作用）
第３図は本発明の一実施例であり、第２図に示
す分波器に対して本発明を適用した例である。従
来例では同一の形式の２つのハイブリツドを使用
するとともに、２つの移相用伝送線路の共振器を
除いた伝送線路長の差の分の移相量βΔlを共振器
一周の電気長の半分βl0／２と分波器の設計中心
周波数0におけるπ／２の電気長に相当する伝送
線路長l′（l′＝π／2β0、β0は0における伝送線路
の伝
搬定数）による電気長の和、すなわちβΔl＝βl0／
２＋βl′に選んでいたが、本発明では、２つのハ
イブリツド（3dB結合器）を90°ハイブリツドと
（0゜、180゜）ハイブリツド（0゜ハイブリツド又は
180゜ハイブリツド）を使用するとともに、２つの
移相用伝送線路の共振器を除いた伝送線路長の差
の分の移相量βΔlを共振器一周の電気長の半分の
βl0／２に相当する電気長に、すなわちΔl＝l0／
２に選んでいる。この動作は、以下の通りであ
る。６より入力された信号は、９の0゜ハイブリツ
ドで同相で２分され移相線路２，３a′を通過
し、90゜ハイブリツド１ｂで合成される。(Structure and operation of the invention) FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention, and is an example in which the invention is applied to the duplexer shown in FIG. In the conventional example, two hybrids of the same type are used, and the phase shift amount βΔl corresponding to the difference in the length of the transmission line excluding the resonator of the two phase shifting transmission lines is set to half the electrical length βl around the resonator. 0/2 and the transmission line length l'(l' = π/2β 0 , β 0 is the propagation constant of the transmission line at 0 ) which corresponds to the electrical length of π/2 at the design center frequency of the duplexer 0. The sum of , that is, βΔl = βl 0 /
2+βl′, but in the present invention, two hybrids (3dB coupler) are used: a 90° hybrid and a (0°, 180°) hybrid (0° hybrid or
180° hybrid), and the phase shift amount βΔl corresponding to the difference in transmission line length excluding the resonator of the two phase shifting transmission lines is equivalent to βl 0 /2, which is half the electrical length of one circuit of the resonator. to the electrical length, that is, Δl=l 0 /
I have selected 2. This operation is as follows. The signal inputted from 6 is divided into two halves with the same phase at 0° hybrid 9, passes through phase shift lines 2 and 3a', and is combined at 90° hybrid 1b.
従来例のものでは、ハイブリツド１ａの出力信
号の位相は、一方を0゜とすると他方は−90゜（−
π／２）であるが、本発明のものでは両方とも0゜で
ある。従つて、従来例のものと本発明のものを比
較するとハイブリツド出力後の一方の位相にπ／
２の差があることが判る。また、２つの移相用伝
送線路の共振器を除いた伝送線路長の差の分の移
相量βΔlは共振器の電気長の半分βl0／２に等しく
選んでいるので、出力側のハイブリツドで合成さ
れる場合の電気長の関係は、周波数に係りなく常
にπ／２のずれを有している。 In the conventional example, the phase of the output signal of the hybrid 1a is -90° (-
π/2), but in the present invention both are 0°. Therefore, when comparing the conventional example and the present invention, one phase after hybrid output has π/
It can be seen that there is a difference of 2. In addition, the phase shift amount βΔl corresponding to the difference in transmission line length excluding the resonator of the two phase-shifting transmission lines is selected to be equal to half the electrical length of the resonator βl 0 /2, so the output side hybrid The electrical length relationship when synthesized always has a deviation of π/2 regardless of the frequency.
従つて、A1、A2は、それぞれ となり、理想的な特性が得られることが判る。 Therefore, A 1 and A 2 are respectively It can be seen that ideal characteristics can be obtained.
さらに、従来例の第１図ｂの構成すなわち、第
２図において２の部分を２の部分と同様のも
ので構成して得られる周期分波器に対しても、本
発明は適用できる。この際の構成は、第３図中の
２ｃの部分を２の部分と同様のもので構成れば
良い（つまり共振器を２個用いる）。この場合も、
第３図の実施例の場合と同様、ハイブリツドの部
分の位相の違いを考慮すれば、周波数に係りなく
常にπ／２のずれを有している。 Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a periodic duplexer obtained by constructing the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 1b, that is, by configuring the portion 2 in FIG. In this case, the configuration may be such that the part 2c in FIG. 3 is the same as the part 2 (that is, two resonators are used). In this case too,
As in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, if the phase difference in the hybrid portion is taken into consideration, there is always a shift of π/2 regardless of the frequency.
従つて、A1′、A2′はそれぞれ、 となり、理想的な特性が得られることが判る。 Therefore, A 1 ′ and A 2 ′ are respectively, It can be seen that ideal characteristics can be obtained.
第４図に本発明の効果を示すため、従来の分波
器の伝送特性と本発明の分波器の伝送特性を示
す。同図ａの１１が従来の分波器の周波数特性で
あり、同図ｂの１２が本発明による分波器の周波
数特性である。図よりも明らかなように、本発明
のものでは、特性の示された帯域の両端において
も中央部と同様に伝送損失のリツプル１３の最小
値が27dB程度とちいさいが、従来例のものにお
いては、そのリツプル１３が帯域の両端において
は、16dBにもなり大きく伝送特性が劣化してい
るのがわかる。 In order to show the effects of the present invention, FIG. 4 shows the transmission characteristics of a conventional duplexer and the transmission characteristics of the duplexer of the present invention. Reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1A is the frequency characteristic of a conventional duplexer, and reference numeral 12 in FIG. 1B is the frequency characteristic of the duplexer according to the present invention. As is clear from the figure, in the case of the present invention, the minimum value of the transmission loss ripple 13 at both ends of the band where the characteristics are shown is as small as about 27 dB at the center, whereas in the case of the conventional example. It can be seen that the ripple 13 is as high as 16 dB at both ends of the band, greatly deteriorating the transmission characteristics.
以上の説明においては、誘電体線路を用いて構
成した実施例について説明を行つたが、従来の周
期分波器が各種の伝送線路を用いて構成されてい
るように、本発明のものも、各種の伝送線路を用
いて構成することができるのは言うまでもない。 In the above description, an embodiment configured using dielectric lines has been described, but just as conventional periodic duplexers are configured using various transmission lines, the present invention also has a structure using various transmission lines. Needless to say, it can be configured using various transmission lines.
また、実施例の説明においてはハイブリツドの
一方を0゜ハイブリツドで構成した例についてのみ
説明したが、180゜ハイブリツドで構成してもよ
い。180゜ハイブリツドの場合、２つの出力信号の
位相はそれぞれ0゜と−180゜であり、従来のものが
0゜と−90゜であることを考えると、出力信号は周
波数に係りなく一方が常に90゜（π／２）ずれてい
る。従つて、0゜ハイブリツドの場合と同様に理想
的な特性を得ることができる。 Further, in the description of the embodiment, only an example in which one of the hybrids is configured as a 0° hybrid has been described, but it may be configured as a 180° hybrid. In the case of the 180° hybrid, the phases of the two output signals are 0° and -180°, respectively, which is different from the conventional one.
Considering that the angles are 0° and -90°, one of the output signals is always shifted by 90° (π/2) regardless of the frequency. Therefore, ideal characteristics can be obtained as in the case of 0° hybrid.
尚、0゜、180°ハイブリツドとしては、従来種々
の伝送線路形式のものについて種々のものが知ら
れており、一例として導波管回路の場合、マジツ
クＴ、マジツクＹ、マジツクＥ等がある。どのよ
うな90゜ハイブリツドと0゜、180゜ハイブリツドとの
組合せを用いても本発明を実施することができる
ことは言うまでもない。 Various types of 0° and 180° hybrids have been known in the past for various types of transmission lines. For example, in the case of a waveguide circuit, there are Magic T, Magic Y, Magic E, etc. It goes without saying that the present invention can be practiced using any combination of 90° hybrid and 0° and 180° hybrid.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明の構成によれば、
周波数に依存せず常に必要なβl0／２＋π／２の
電気長を実現できるため、使用帯域内での伝送特
性の劣化のない周期形分波器を実現できるという
利点がある。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the configuration of the present invention,
Since the required electrical length of βl 0 /2+π/2 can always be achieved without depending on the frequency, there is an advantage that a periodic duplexer can be realized without deterioration of transmission characteristics within the used band.
第１図ａ及びｂは従来の周期形分波器の構成を
示す図、第２図は誘電体線路を用いて構成した従
来例を示す図、第３図は誘電体線路を用いて構成
した本発明の実施例を示す図、第４図ａ及びｂは
従来の周期形分波器と本発明の周期形分波器の伝
送特性を示す図である。
１ａ，１ｂ……ハイブリツド、２ａ，２ｂ，２
ｃ……移相用伝送線路、３……移相用伝送線路、
４……結合器、５……共振器、６……信号入力
端、７，８……信号出力端、９……0゜ハイブリツ
ド、１１……従来の周期分波器の伝送特性、１２
……本発明の周期分波器の伝送特性、１３……伝
送特性上のリツプル。
Figures 1a and b show the configuration of a conventional periodic duplexer, Figure 2 shows a conventional example configured using a dielectric line, and Figure 3 shows a conventional example configured using a dielectric line. FIGS. 4a and 4b, which are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, are diagrams showing transmission characteristics of a conventional periodic duplexer and a periodic duplexer of the present invention. 1a, 1b...hybrid, 2a, 2b, 2
c...Transmission line for phase shift, 3...Transmission line for phase shift,
4...Coupler, 5...Resonator, 6...Signal input end, 7, 8...Signal output end, 9...0° hybrid, 11...Transmission characteristics of conventional periodic duplexer, 12
...Transmission characteristics of the periodic duplexer of the present invention, 13... Ripples on transmission characteristics.
Claims (1)
第１の伝送線路と、共振器に結合しない伝送線路
より成る移相用の第２の伝送線路とにより移相用
の伝送線路を構成し、移相用伝送線路の両端に、
それぞれハイブリツドを接続した周期形分波器に
おいて、一方のハイブリツドを90゜ハイブリツド
で、他方を0゜，180゜ハイブリツドで構成し、共振
器を除いた２つの移相用伝送線路の移相量の差を
共振器１周の移相量の1/2になるよう構成したこ
とを特徴とする周期形分波器。 ２ 結合器を介して共振器に結合された移相用の
２つの伝送線路の両端に、それぞれハイブリツド
を接続した周期形分波器において、一方のハイブ
リツドを90゜ハイブリツドで、他方を0゜，180゜ハイ
ブリツドで構成し、２つの移相用伝送線路の共振
器による移相量を除いた部分の移相量の差を共振
器１周の移相量の1/2になるよう構成したことを
特徴とする周期形分波器。[Claims] 1. A first transmission line for phase shifting coupled to a resonator via a coupler and a second transmission line for phase shifting consisting of a transmission line not coupled to the resonator. Configure the phase transmission line, and connect both ends of the phase shift transmission line.
In a periodic duplexer connected to each hybrid, one hybrid is configured with a 90° hybrid and the other is configured with a 0° and 180° hybrid, and the amount of phase shift of the two phase shift transmission lines excluding the resonator is calculated. A periodic duplexer characterized in that the difference is configured to be 1/2 of the phase shift amount for one round of the resonator. 2 In a periodic duplexer in which hybrids are connected to both ends of two transmission lines for phase shifting coupled to a resonator via a coupler, one hybrid is set at 90°, the other at 0°, It is constructed with a 180° hybrid, and is configured so that the difference in phase shift between the two phase shift transmission lines excluding the phase shift due to the resonator is 1/2 of the phase shift for one round of the resonator. A periodic duplexer featuring:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20105383A JPS6094504A (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Periodic type branching filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20105383A JPS6094504A (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Periodic type branching filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6094504A JPS6094504A (en) | 1985-05-27 |
| JPH0135527B2 true JPH0135527B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 |
Family
ID=16434611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20105383A Granted JPS6094504A (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Periodic type branching filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6094504A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-10-28 JP JP20105383A patent/JPS6094504A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6094504A (en) | 1985-05-27 |
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